Correlative Conjunctions


Correlative Conjunctions


Definition



  • Correlative conjunctions are pairs of words used to join two equal parts of a sentence (words, phrases, or clauses).

  • They always work in pairs to show relationships such as choice, addition, or contrast.


Purpose / Function



  • To connect similar grammatical elements (like noun + noun, phrase + phrase).

  • To make sentences balanced and clear.

  • To show relationships like either–or, both–and, not only–but also, etc.


Common Correlative Conjunctions, Meanings & Examples


1. Whether...or



  • Meaning: Shows a choice between two possibilities.

  • Example: The event will happen whether it rains or shines.


2. Not only...but also



  • Meaning: Adds extra or surprising information.

  • Example: She is not only smart but also hardworking.


3. Both...and



  • Meaning: Emphasizes two connected ideas together.

  • Example: He is both talented and humble.


4. Either...or



  • Meaning: Offers a choice between two options.

  • Example: You can either stay here or come with us.


5. Neither...nor



  • Meaning: Denies or rejects two options.

  • Example: She is neither angry nor upset.


Rules for Using Correlative Conjunctions



  1. Always use them in pairs — one part must have the other.

  2. Keep grammatical balance — both sides should have the same structure.


    • Correct : She likes both reading and writing.

    • Wrong : She likes both reading and to write.


  3. Avoid mixing pairs (e.g., “either...but also” ❌).

  4. Use commas only if the sentence is long or needs a pause.


Examples in Sentences



  • Whether you agree or not, we will go ahead.

  • He is not only a teacher but also a guide.

  • Both my brother and my sister are engineers.

  • You can either watch TV or read a book.

  • She is neither tall nor short.


Key Tip


Correlative conjunctions make your spoken and written English more fluent, logical, and elegant.