Geography Question for Competitive Exam
Geography Question for Competitive Exam
1. The India-Afghanistan border is officially referred to as - Durand Line
The Durand Line is a 2,670 km long boundary demarcated in 1893 between British India and Afghanistan, marking the official India-Afghanistan border.
2. Soil most suitable for rice cultivation in India - Alluvial soil
Alluvial soil, rich in nutrients and moisture, is fertile and ideal for paddy cultivation. Found in Indo-Gangetic plains, it supports water-intensive crops like rice.
3. Major constraint in dry land farming - Low water availability
Dryland farming depends on rainfall. Low or irregular water availability limits crop production, causing reliance on drought-resistant crops and water conservation techniques.
4. Farming in hill regions by cutting slopes into steps - Terrace farming
Terrace farming prevents soil erosion on slopes, conserves water, and allows cultivation of crops like rice and maize in hilly terrains.
5. 'Aus', 'Aman', and 'Boro' are important crops of Assam, West Bengal, Odisha – Paddy
These are major rice varieties grown seasonally in eastern India, adapted to monsoon patterns, ensuring food security and continuous cropping cycles.
6. Shifting agriculture known as 'Jhum' – Assam
Jhum is traditional slash-and-burn cultivation practiced in Northeast India, where forests are cleared temporarily for crops and later left to regenerate.
7. State with highest Scheduled Tribe (ST) sex ratio in 2011 – Goa
Census 2011 recorded Goa as having the highest ST sex ratio, indicating better gender balance among tribal populations compared to other Indian states.
8. Crop associated with plantation agriculture in India – Tea
Tea is grown on large plantations in Assam, West Bengal, Kerala, and Tamil Nadu. Plantation agriculture focuses on cash crops for domestic use and export.
9. Wet farming is typically practised in - Alluvial soil
Alluvial soil retains water, making it suitable for wet cultivation, especially rice paddies, which require standing water during growth.
10. Largest contributor to irrigation in India - Tube wells and canals
Tube wells and canals provide the majority of irrigated area in India, supporting agriculture in regions lacking adequate rainfall and enhancing crop productivity.
11. Busiest Indian airport in FY 2023-24 - Indira Gandhi International Airport, Delhi
Delhi’s airport handled the highest passenger traffic in India, connecting domestic and international flights and serving as a major aviation hub.
12. Total islands/islets/rocky outcrops in Andaman & Nicobar – 836
Andaman & Nicobar Islands consist of 836 islands, islets, and rocky outcrops, forming a union territory strategically located in the Bay of Bengal.
13. Indian state sharing borders with Bhutan and Bangladesh – Assam
Assam borders Bhutan to the north and Bangladesh to the southwest, playing a crucial role in trade, connectivity, and regional geopolitics.
14. India-Bhutan boundary primarily defined by - Mountains and treaties
The boundary is demarcated by the Himalayan ranges and formalized through bilateral treaties ensuring peaceful relations and clear territorial limits.
15. Lipulekh Pass lies between India and – Tibet
Lipulekh Pass is a high-altitude Himalayan pass used for trade and pilgrimage between India and Tibet, strategically important for border connectivity.
16. McMahon Line separates India from – China
The McMahon Line, drawn in 1914, demarcates the boundary between Arunachal Pradesh (India) and Tibet (China). It remains a disputed border in Sino-Indian relations.
1. India’s first mechanized textile mill established in 1854 - Mumbai
Mumbai saw India’s first textile mill using machinery in 1854, marking the beginning of modern industrialization in India’s textile sector and urban employment growth.
2. Article of Indian Constitution regarding President’s impeachment - Article 61
Article 61 details the process for impeachment of the President of India for violation of the Constitution, requiring a two-thirds majority in both Houses of Parliament.
3. Governor-General who implemented Permanent Settlement – Lord Cornwallis (1793)
Lord Cornwallis introduced the Permanent Settlement in Bengal in 1793, fixing land revenue and creating the zamindari system, impacting agrarian structure and landlord-tenant relations.
4. Dravidian movement associated with – Tamil Nadu
The Dravidian movement originated in Tamil Nadu to promote social equality, linguistic pride, and anti-caste reforms, shaping regional politics and culture in South India.
5. India’s first postage stamp issued – 1852
The first Indian postage stamp, “Scinde Dawk,” was issued in 1852 in Sindh, marking the start of organized postal services in India.
6. Standard seal of Harappan Civilization animal - One-horned bull (Unicorn)
Harappan seals often depict a one-horned bull, symbolizing economic, cultural, and possibly religious significance in the Indus Valley Civilization.
7. Articles 153 -162 mention powers of Governor
Articles 153–162 of the Constitution describe the Governor’s role, powers, and responsibilities as the constitutional head of a state, including executive, legislative, and emergency powers.
8. Simon Commission established under - Government of India Act 1919
The Simon Commission (1927) was set up under the 1919 Act to review constitutional reforms. Its all-British composition led to Indian protests.
9. India’s first rocket launching station - Thumba, Kerala
Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station (TERLS) in Kerala was India’s first space launch facility, supporting early sounding rockets for atmospheric and space research.
10. India’s oldest commercial bank - State Bank of India
The State Bank of India traces its origins to 1806 as Bank of Calcutta, making it India’s oldest and largest commercial banking institution.
11. World Trade Organization (WTO) established – 1995
WTO was established in 1995 to regulate international trade, settle disputes, and promote global economic cooperation among member countries.
12. Subhas Chandra Bose founded Azad Hind Government - Singapore (1943)
Bose established the Provisional Government of Free India in Singapore in 1943, coordinating the Indian National Army against British colonial rule.
13. “Missile Man of India” - Dr. A. P. J. Abdul Kalam
Dr. Kalam is called the Missile Man for developing India’s indigenous missile programs like Agni and Prithvi, strengthening national defense and strategic capability.
14. India’s first nuclear reactor - Apsara (1956)
Apsara, commissioned in 1956, was India’s first nuclear research reactor at Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, pioneering nuclear science and research in India.
15. Original number of languages in Eighth Schedule – 14
The Eighth Schedule of the Indian Constitution originally listed 14 languages, recognizing their cultural and linguistic importance in governance and education.
16. Governor-General who started railways, telegraph, and postal system - Lord Dalhousie
Lord Dalhousie modernized India’s infrastructure, introducing railways, telegraphs, and postal services, enabling communication, trade, and colonial administration efficiency.
17. Nalanda University destroyed by - Bakhtiyar Khilji
Bakhtiyar Khilji invaded and destroyed Nalanda University in the 12th century, ending its legacy as a major center of learning in ancient India.
18. World Environment Day - 5 June
World Environment Day is celebrated on 5 June annually to raise awareness about environmental protection, climate change, and sustainable development globally.
19. “Dark zone” in India related to - Groundwater depletion
Dark zones indicate regions where groundwater extraction exceeds recharge, leading to overexploitation, scarcity, and environmental stress in agriculture and drinking water supply.
20. Maximum members of Rajya Sabha – 250
The Rajya Sabha can have up to 250 members, including representatives of states, union territories, and nominated members with expertise in fields like arts, science, and social service.