Explanation: The original name of Mumtaz Mahal, the beloved wife of Shah Jahan, was Arjumand Banu Begum. She was bestowed the title Mumtaz Mahal, meaning "Jewel of the Palace," by Shah Jahan after their marriage. Mumtaz Mahal is best known for being the inspiration behind the creation of the iconic Taj Mahal.

Explanation: Thomas Roe was received in audience by Emperor Jahangir at Agra in 1615. He was sent as an ambassador from the English East India Company to establish trade relations with the Mughal Empire. This event took place during Jahangir's reign, and Agra was one of the important cities during that period.

Explanation: Aurangzeb was indeed skilled in both playing the veena and the sitar. While he is more often remembered for his conservative policies and military expansion, he had a personal love for music and was accomplished in traditional Indian instruments like the veena.

Explanation: In the Mughal court, Sijda (complete prostration) was a ritual of utmost respect and submission to the emperor, reflecting a person’s rank. Deeper prostration indicated higher status. Aurangzeb abolished this practice, believing it conflicted with Islamic principles, while Shah Jahan and earlier rulers upheld it.

Explanation: In Shivaji Maharaj's administration, the Prime Minister was called the Peshwa. The Peshwa held significant power and was responsible for overseeing the administration and advising the king. The role of the Peshwa later became even more prominent in the Maratha Empire, especially during the reign of the Peshwas.

Explanation: Abdul Samad was a renowned painter at Akbar's court, known for his contributions to Mughal miniature art. However, the Diwan of Multan was appointed to Daswant, another skilled artist. Abdul Samad played a significant role in the Mughal court’s artistic developments, particularly in Persian and Mughal styles.