Assertion and Reason
Assertion (A) : Clothes are not washed properly in hot water. Reason (R) : Hard water contains many minerals.
  • Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
  • A is true but R is false.
  • A is false but R is true.
Explanation: The assertion (A) "Clothes are not washed properly in hot water" is false because hot water generally helps in cleaning clothes better by dissolving detergent more effectively and removing grease or dirt The reason (R) "Hard water contains many minerals" is true, but it does not directly relate to the assertion. Hard water can reduce the effectiveness of soap, but this is independent of whether the water is hot or cold.
Assertion (A) : In India, the judiciary is independent of the executive. Reason (R) : Judiciary favours the government and helps in the implementation of its plants.
  • Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
  • Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
  • A is false but R is true.
  • A is true but R is false.
Explanation: In India, the judiciary is independent of the executive, meaning it functions separately from the government and has the power to review executive actions. This ensures the rule of law and protects citizens' rights. However, the claim that "Judiciary favors the government and helps in the implementation of its plans" is false because the judiciary's primary role is to interpret laws, ensure justice, and check any misuse of power by the executive or legislature.
An atom is neutral despite the charged particles in it. Reason (R) : The neutrons do not have any charge.
  • Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
  • Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
  • A is false but R is true.
  • A is true but R is false.
Explanation: An atom is neutral because it contains an equal number of positively charged protons and negatively charged electrons, which balance each other out. It is true that neutrons have no charge, their presence does not explain why an atom is neutral. Therefore, R is true but not the correct explanation of A.
Assertion (A) : In India, the judiciary is independent of the executive. Reason (R) : Judiciary favours the government and helps in the implementation of its plants.
  • Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
  • Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
  • A is false but R is true.
  • A is true but R is false.
Explanation: Assertion (A) is true: In India, the judiciary is independent of the executive. This is ensured by the Constitution, which provides for the separation of powers among the legislature, executive, and judiciary. Reason (R) is false: The judiciary does not favor the government or help in the implementation of its plans. Instead, it acts as a guardian of the Constitution and ensures that the government functions within legal limits.
Assertion (A) : Clothes are not washed properly in hot water. Reason (R) : Hard water contains many minerals.
  • Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
  • Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
  • A is true but R is false.
  • A is false but R is true.
Explanation: Assertion (A) is false: Hot water actually helps in cleaning clothes better, as it dissolves detergents more effectively and removes dirt and stains. Reason (R) is true: Hard water contains minerals like calcium and magnesium, which can reduce the effectiveness of soap and detergent, making washing less efficient. A is false and R is true
Assertion (A) : A ship rises as it enters the sea from a river. Reason (R) : The density of sea water is higher as compared to river water.
  • Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
  • Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
  • A is false but R is true.
  • A is true but R is false.
Explanation: According to Archimedes' principle, the buoyant force on an object is equal to the weight of the displaced fluid. Since seawater is denser, the ship displaces less water to stay afloat, causing it to rise.
Assertion (A) : Bangladesh imports jute from India. Reason (R) : Bangladesh has most of the jute mills.
  • Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
  • Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
    • Explanation: Assertion (A) is false: Bangladesh does not import jute from India; rather, it exports raw jute to India. India, in turn, processes the jute in its mills. Reason (R) is false: While Bangladesh does have jute mills, India also has a significant number of jute mills, especially in West Bengal. Both A and R are false.