About Cells
1. Lifespan of White Blood Cells (WBCs)
White Blood Cells usually live for 13–20 days depending on their type. They protect the body by fighting infections, bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens.
White Blood Cells (WBC) āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻžā§°āĻŖāĻ¤ā§ ā§§ā§Š–ā§¨ā§Ļ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻā§āĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ āĻĨāĻžāĻā§ (āĻ§ā§°āĻŖ āĻ āĻ¨ā§āĻ¸ā§°āĻŋ āĻāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ)āĨ¤ āĻāĻāĻŦā§ā§°ā§ āĻļā§°ā§ā§°āĻ āĻ¸āĻāĻā§āĻ°āĻŽāĻŖ, āĻŦā§āĻā§āĻā§ā§°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻā§°ā§ āĻāĻžāĻā§°āĻžāĻā§° āĻĒā§°āĻž ā§°āĻā§āĻˇāĻž āĻā§°ā§āĨ¤
2. Atomic Particles of an Atom
An atom has three main particles : āĻāĻāĻž āĻāĻāĻŽāĻ¤ āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋāĻāĻž āĻŽā§āĻā§āĻ¯ āĻāĻŖāĻž āĻĨāĻžāĻā§:
i. Protons (+) – positive charge : āĻĒā§ā§°ā§āĻāĻ¨ (+) – āĻ§āĻ¨āĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻ āĻāĻ§āĻžāĻ¨
ii. Neutrons (0) – neutral : āĻ¨āĻŋāĻāĻā§ā§°āĻ¨ (0) – āĻ¨āĻŋā§°āĻĒā§āĻā§āĻˇ
iii. Electrons (−) – negative charge : āĻāĻ˛ā§āĻā§āĻā§ā§°āĻ¨ (−) – āĻāĻŖāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻ āĻāĻ§āĻžāĻ¨
Protons and neutrons are present in the nucleus, while electrons move around the nucleus. āĻĒā§ā§°ā§āĻāĻ¨ āĻā§°ā§ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻāĻā§ā§°āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻāĻā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻāĻ¤ āĻĨāĻžāĻā§ āĻā§°ā§ āĻāĻ˛ā§āĻā§āĻā§ā§°āĻ¨ āĻ¨āĻŋāĻāĻā§āĻ˛āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻā§° āĻāĻžā§°āĻŋāĻāĻĢāĻžāĻ˛ā§ āĻā§ā§°ā§āĨ¤
3. Powerhouse of the Cell
Mitochondria are called the “Powerhouse of the Cell” because they produce energy (ATP) through cellular respiration. āĻŽāĻžāĻāĻā§āĻāĻŖā§āĻĄā§ā§°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ āĻā§āĻˇā§° “āĻļāĻā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻā§°” āĻŦā§āĻ˛āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ, āĻāĻžā§°āĻŖ āĻ āĻā§āĻˇā§āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻļā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸-āĻĒā§ā§°āĻļā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ā§° āĻā§°āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¤ā§ ATP āĻļāĻā§āĻ¤āĻŋ āĻā§āĻĒāĻžāĻĻāĻ¨ āĻā§°ā§āĨ¤
4. Universal Donor Blood Group
O negative (O−) blood group is called the universal donor because it can donate blood to all blood groups. : O negative (O−) ā§°āĻā§āĻ¤ āĻā§āĻāĻ Universal Donor āĻŦā§āĻ˛āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ, āĻāĻžā§°āĻŖ āĻāĻ āĻā§āĻā§° ā§°āĻā§āĻ¤ āĻ¸āĻāĻ˛ā§ āĻā§āĻāĻ āĻĻāĻžāĻ¨ āĻā§°āĻŋāĻŦ āĻĒāĻžā§°ā§āĨ¤
5. Sac - like Structure for Waste Storage
The vacuole is a sac-like structure in a cell that stores food, water, and waste materials temporarily. : āĻā§āĻā§ā§ą’āĻ˛ āĻšā§āĻā§ āĻā§āĻˇā§° āĻāĻāĻž āĻĨāĻ˛ā§-āĻāĻā§āĻ¤āĻŋā§° āĻāĻ āĻ¨, āĻ¯’āĻ¤ āĻāĻžāĻĻā§āĻ¯, āĻĒāĻžāĻ¨ā§ āĻā§°ā§ āĻ āĻĒāĻāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻĒāĻĻāĻžā§°ā§āĻĨ āĻ¸āĻžāĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧāĻŋāĻāĻāĻžā§ąā§ āĻ¸āĻā§°āĻā§āĻˇāĻŖ āĻā§°āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤
6. Smallest Structural and Functional Unit of Life
The cell is the smallest structural and functional unit of life. It performs all vital life processes. : āĻā§āĻˇ (Cell) āĻšā§āĻā§ āĻā§ā§ąāĻ¨ā§° āĻ¸ā§°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽ āĻāĻ āĻ¨āĻŽā§āĻ˛āĻ āĻā§°ā§ āĻāĻžā§°ā§āĻ¯āĻāĻ¤ āĻāĻāĻāĨ¤ āĻāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ āĻā§ā§ąāĻ¨ā§° āĻ¸āĻāĻ˛ā§ āĻĒā§ā§°āĻ¯āĻŧā§āĻāĻ¨ā§āĻ¯āĻŧ āĻāĻžā§°ā§āĻ¯ āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ¨ā§āĻ¨ āĻā§°ā§āĨ¤
7. Location of Genes in Chromosomes
The specific position of a gene on a chromosome is called a locus. : āĻā§ā§°āĻŽ’āĻ’āĻŽāĻ¤ āĻāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻĨāĻāĻž āĻ¨āĻŋā§°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāĻ¨āĻ āĻ˛ā§āĻāĻžāĻ (Locus) āĻŦā§āĻ˛āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤
8. Chromosome Composition
Chromosomes are made of DNA and proteins. DNA carries genetic information, while proteins help maintain the structure. āĻā§ā§°āĻŽ’āĻ’āĻŽ DNA āĻā§°ā§ āĻĒā§ā§°ā§āĻāĻŋāĻ¨ā§ā§°ā§ āĻāĻ āĻŋāĻ¤āĨ¤ DNA āĻ¤ āĻāĻŋāĻ¨āĻāĻ¤ āĻ¤āĻĨā§āĻ¯ āĻĨāĻžāĻā§ āĻā§°ā§ āĻĒā§ā§°ā§āĻāĻŋāĻ¨ā§ āĻāĻ āĻ¨ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋā§° ā§°āĻžāĻā§āĨ¤
9. Smallest Blood Vessels
Capillaries are the smallest blood vessels. They connect arteries and veins and allow exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste materials.
āĻā§āĻĒāĻŋāĻ˛āĻžā§°ā§ āĻšā§āĻā§ āĻāĻāĻžāĻāĻ¤āĻā§ āĻ¸ā§°ā§ ā§°āĻā§āĻ¤āĻ¨āĻžāĻ˛ā§āĨ¤ āĻāĻāĻŦā§ā§°ā§ āĻ§āĻŽāĻ¨ā§ āĻā§°ā§ āĻļāĻŋā§°āĻž āĻ¸āĻāĻ¯ā§āĻ āĻā§°āĻŋ āĻ āĻā§āĻ¸āĻŋāĻā§āĻ¨, āĻĒā§āĻˇā§āĻāĻŋ āĻā§°ā§ āĻ āĻĒāĻāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻĒāĻĻāĻžā§°ā§āĻĨā§° āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋāĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻā§°ā§āĨ¤
10. Blood Cells Called “Soldiers of the Body”
White Blood Cells (WBCs) are called the “soldiers of the body” because they fight infections and protect the body from pathogens.
White Blood Cells (WBC)**āĻ āĻļā§°ā§ā§°ā§° “āĻ¸ā§āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ” āĻŦā§āĻ˛āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ, āĻāĻžā§°āĻŖ āĻāĻāĻŦā§ā§°ā§ āĻ¸āĻāĻā§āĻ°āĻŽāĻŖā§° āĻŦāĻŋā§°ā§āĻĻā§āĻ§ā§ āĻ¯ā§āĻāĻā§ āĻā§°ā§ āĻļā§°ā§ā§°āĻ ā§°āĻā§āĻˇāĻž āĻā§°ā§āĨ¤