Geography & Environment Multiple-Choice Set
Q1. Which country is the largest island group in the world ?
Options: (a) Indonesia (b) Philippines (c) Japan (d) Maldives
Ans: (a) Indonesia
Explanation: Indonesia is the world’s largest archipelago, consisting of over 17,000 islands, strategically located between Asia and Australia, and has significant cultural, ecological, and economic diversity.
Q2. Gujarat's Bahadur Shah was killed in the war with whom in 1573 ?
Options: (a) Portugal (b) Mughals (c) British (d) Marathas
Ans: (a) Portugal
Explanation: In 1573, Bahadur Shah of Gujarat fought the Portuguese and was killed in battle while defending his kingdom, marking the beginning of European influence in western India.
Q3. Which district of Uttar Pradesh is known as the “Pital City”?
Options: (a) Moradabad (b) Agra (c) Varanasi (d) Kanpur
Ans: (a) Moradabad
Explanation: Moradabad is called the “Pital City” for its brass handicrafts and metal industry, known worldwide for intricate brassware and export products.
Q4. How much water is India allowed to use from the Indus River for irrigation, energy, and transport purposes ?
Options: (a) 20% (b) 30% (c) 50% (d) 70%
Ans: (a) 20%
Explanation: Under the Indus Waters Treaty (1960), India is allowed limited use of Indus River waters (mainly eastern rivers) for irrigation, hydroelectricity, and domestic purposes.
Q5. What is the name of Mahatma Gandhi's memorial in Delhi ?
Options: (a) Rajghat (b) Shanti Van (c) Gandhi Smriti (d) Vijay Ghat
Ans: (a) Rajghat
Explanation: Rajghat in Delhi marks Mahatma Gandhi’s cremation site, preserved as a memorial with a black marble platform and annual commemorations.
Q6. When was the United Nations established ?
Options: (a) 24 October 1945 (b) 26 June 1945 (c) 14 July 1945 (d) 1 January 1945
Ans: (a) 24 October 1945
Explanation: The UN was founded on 24 October 1945 to promote international peace, security, human rights, and cooperation among member nations.
Q7. Which vitamin deficiency does not stop blood clotting ?
Options: (a) Vitamin K (b) Vitamin C (c) Vitamin D (d) Vitamin B12
Ans: (b) Vitamin C
Explanation: Vitamin C deficiency causes scurvy, affecting connective tissue, but does not directly affect blood clotting. Vitamin K is essential for coagulation.
Q8. Who invented the telescope ?
Options: (a) Galileo (b) Isaac Newton (c) Johannes Kepler (d) Hans Lippershey
Ans: (a) Galileo
Explanation: Galileo improved the refracting telescope in 1609, used it for astronomical observations, including discovering Jupiter’s moons and observing lunar craters.
Q9. What color does an astronaut see in outer space ?
Options: (a) Black (b) Blue (c) White (d) Dark Grey
Ans: (a) Black
Explanation: Space appears black due to the absence of atmosphere to scatter sunlight; stars appear as points of light against the dark void.
Q10. By which article of the Constitution is Hindi declared an official language of India ?
Options: (a) 343 (b) 120 (c) 19 (d) 21
Ans: (a) 343
Explanation: Article 343 designates Hindi in Devanagari script as the official language of India for communication, legislation, and administration.
Q11. According to Hindu mythology, Lord Shri Ram was the ruler of which kingdom ?
Options: (a) Kaushal (b) Ayodhya (c) Hastinapur (d) Magadh
Ans: (a) Kaushal
Explanation: Lord Rama ruled the kingdom of Kaushal (Kosala) with Ayodhya as its capital, central to the epic Ramayana.
Q12. “Santhara” is a religious ritual of which religion ?
Options: (a) Jainism (b) Hinduism (c) Buddhism (d) Sikhism
Ans: (a) Jainism
Explanation: Santhara is a voluntary ritual fasting to death observed by Jains as an act of spiritual purification and detachment from worldly life.
Q13. When is World Milk Day celebrated ?
Options: (a) 1 June (b) 15 May (c) 30 July (d) 10 October
Ans: (a) 1 June
Explanation: World Milk Day is celebrated on 1 June annually to recognize the importance of milk as a global food and promote dairy development.
Q14. In which case did the Supreme Court of India establish the principle of the basic structure of the Constitution ?
Options: (a) Kesavananda Bharati case, 1973 (b) Maneka Gandhi case (c) Golaknath case (d) ADM Jabalpur case
Ans: (a) Kesavananda Bharati case, 1973
Explanation: The Kesavananda Bharati case affirmed that Parliament cannot alter the Constitution’s basic structure, safeguarding fundamental principles against arbitrary amendments.
Q15. Ravi Keerthi was a ruler of which dynasty ?
Options: (a) Chalukya (b) Maurya (c) Gupta (d) Pallava
Ans: (a) Chalukya
Explanation: Ravi Keerthi belonged to the Chalukya dynasty, known for architectural achievements and administration in southern India.
Q16. The year used for calculating actual gross household products is called:
Options: (a) Base Year (b) Reference Year (c) Fiscal Year (d) Accounting Year
Answer: (a) Base Year
Explanation: The base year is used as a reference point for comparing economic data and calculating inflation, GDP, and household production.
Q17. In which month is the “Kagdeya Dance” celebrated every year in Sikkim ?
Options: (a) December (b) January (c) February (d) November
Answer: (a) December
Explanation: The Kagdeya dance is celebrated in December as part of Sikkim’s traditional cultural festivals.
Q18. In which state did the Mohiniattam dance style originate ?
Options: (a) Kerala (b) Tamil Nadu (c) Karnataka (d) Odisha
Answer: (a) Kerala
Explanation: Mohiniattam, a classical Indian dance, originated in Kerala, performed by women to express devotion, stories, and graceful movements.
Q19. Which Five-Year Plan aimed at both self-reliance and poverty alleviation ?
Options: (a) Fifth Plan (1974–78) (b) Fourth Plan (c) Sixth Plan (d) Third Plan
Answer: (a) Fifth Plan (1974–78)
Explanation: India’s Fifth Plan focused on economic growth, self-reliance, and reducing poverty through employment, agricultural, and industrial development.
Q20. Which slogan was given by Ram Prasad Bismil ?
Options: (a) “Sarfaroshi Ki Tamanna” (b) “Inquilab Zindabad” (c) “Vande Mataram” (d) “Jai Hind”
Answer: (a) “Sarfaroshi Ki Tamanna”
Explanation: Ram Prasad Bismil popularized the revolutionary slogan “Sarfaroshi Ki Tamanna” to inspire freedom fighters during the struggle against British rule.
Q21. Which part of the Earth has an abundance of nickel and iron ?
Options: (a) Nife (b) Mantle (c) Crust (d) Core
Answer: (a) Nife
Explanation: The Nife layer, part of the Earth’s core-mantle boundary, contains high concentrations of nickel and iron, crucial for Earth’s magnetic field.
Q22. Article 300A of the Indian Constitution refers to which legal right ?
Options: (a) Right to Property (b) Right to Freedom (c) Right to Education (d) Right to Equality
Answer: (a) Right to Property
Explanation: Article 300A guarantees citizens’ right to property, stating no one can be deprived of property except by law.
Q23. When is Hindi Day celebrated to promote the Hindi language ?
Options: (a) 14 September (b) 26 January (c) 15 August (d) 1 October
Answer: (a) 14 September
Explanation: Hindi Day is observed on 14 September annually to promote Hindi as a national language and preserve its cultural heritage.
Q24. Where are the most evergreen forests found in the world ?
Options: (a) Brazil (Amazon Basin) (b) Congo (c) Malaysia (d) Indonesia
Answer: (a) Brazil (Amazon Basin)
Explanation: The Amazon rainforest in Brazil is the largest evergreen forest, rich in biodiversity, and plays a critical role in global oxygen and carbon balance.
Q25. Which planet circles the Sun in the shortest time ?
Options: (a) Mercury (b) Venus (c) Earth (d) Mars
Answer: (a) Mercury
Explanation: Mercury, closest to the Sun, completes an orbit in 88 Earth days, making it the fastest orbiting planet in the solar system.