Science Olympiad : General Biology MCQ set - 12
General Science (Chemistry)
Q1. Who proposed the Triad Law of classification ?
Ans: Johann Wolfgang Döbereiner
Explanation: Döbereiner grouped elements into triads having similar properties and atomic masses.
Q2. Who gave the Law of Octaves ?
Ans: John Newlands
Explanation: He observed that every eighth element had properties similar to the first.
Q3. Who proposed the Periodic Table ?
Ans: Dmitri Mendeleev
Explanation: He arranged elements in increasing atomic mass and predicted undiscovered elements.
Q4. Who discovered the Modern Periodic Table ?
Ans: Henry Moseley
Explanation: Moseley arranged elements according to atomic number, not atomic mass.
Q5. How many periods are there in the periodic table ?
Ans: 7
Explanation: Periods are horizontal rows in the periodic table.
Q6. How many groups are there in the periodic table ?
Ans: 18
Explanation: Groups are vertical columns with similar chemical properties.
Q7. What is the total number of known elements ?
Answer: 118
Explanation: Elements are officially recognized up to atomic number 118 (Oganesson).
Q8. Which is the heaviest noble gas ?
Ans: Radon (Rn)
Explanation: Radon has the highest atomic mass among noble gases.
Q9. Which is the most poisonous gas ?
Ans: Carbon Monoxide (CO)
Explanation: CO binds with hemoglobin, preventing oxygen transport.
Q10. Which gas is used in photosynthesis ?
Ans: Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
Explanation: Plants use CO₂ to produce glucose during photosynthesis.
Physics / Chemistry
Q11. Why does diamond shine ?
Ans: Due to total internal reflection
Explanation: Light reflects repeatedly inside diamond because of its high refractive index.
Q12. What is used to measure the purity of diamond ?
Ans: Carat
Explanation: Carat measures the weight and purity of gemstones.
Q13. Which is the densest metal ?
Ans: Osmium
Explanation: Osmium has the highest density among all metals.
Q14. In which state does mercury exist at room temperature ?
Ans: Liquid
Explanation: Mercury is the only metal liquid at room temperature
Biology
Q15. What is the physical basis of life ?
Ans: Protoplasm
Explanation: Protoplasm contains all living components of a cell.
Q16. Which is the largest cell ?
Ans: Ostrich egg
Explanation: It is visible to the naked eye.
Q17. Which is the longest cell in the human body ?
Ans: Nerve cell
Explanation: Nerve cells can extend up to a meter long.
Q18. Who discovered the cell ?
Ans: Robert Hooke
Explanation: He observed cork cells in his book Micrographia.
Q19. Which is the smallest cell ?
Ans: Mycoplasma
Explanation: It lacks a cell wall and is the smallest living cell.
Q20. Which cell organelle is called the powerhouse of the cell ?
Ans: Mitochondria
Explanation: It produces energy in the form of ATP.
Vitamins & Health
Q21. Who coined the term “Vitamin”?
Ans: Casimir Funk
Explanation: He proposed vitamins as essential dietary factors.
Q22. Deficiency of Vitamin A causes which disease ?
Ans: Night blindness
Explanation: Vitamin A is essential for vision.
Q23. Which vitamin is obtained from sunlight ?
Ans: Vitamin D
Explanation: Sunlight helps the skin synthesize Vitamin D.
Q24. Which gas is filled in electric bulbs ?
Ans: Nitrogen
Explanation: It prevents oxidation of the filament.
Q25. Which is the chemical formula of coal gas ?
Ans: CH₄ + H₂
Explanation: Coal gas mainly contains methane and hydrogen.
GENERAL SCIENCE - CHEMISTRY
Q26. Who proposed the Triad Law of classification?
Ans: Johann Wolfgang Döbereiner
Explanation: He grouped elements into triads with similar properties.
Q27. Who proposed the Law of Octaves ?
Ans: John Newlands
Explanation: Every eighth element showed similar properties.
Q28. Who gave the Periodic Table ?
Ans: Dmitri Mendeleev
Explanation: Elements arranged by increasing atomic mass.
Q29. Who discovered the Modern Periodic Table ?
Ans: Henry Moseley
Explanation: Elements arranged by atomic number.
Q30. Number of periods in the periodic table ?
Ans: 7
Q31. Number of groups in the periodic table ?
Ans: 18
Q32. Total number of elements ?
Ans: 118
Q33. How many noble gases are there ?
Ans: 7
Q34. Heaviest noble gas ?
Ans: Radon (Rn)
Q35. Most poisonous gas ?
Ans: Carbon Monoxide (CO)
Explanation: Prevents oxygen transport in blood.
Q36. Gas used in photosynthesis ?
Ans: Carbon dioxide (CO₂)
Q37. Unit of purity of diamond ?
Ans: Carat
Q38. Why does diamond shine ?
Ans: Total internal reflection
Q39. Densest metal ?
Ans: Osmium
Q40. Discoverer of hydrogen?
Ans: Henry Cavendish
Q41. Largest halogen atom ?
Ans: Iodine
Q42. Acid used in lead storage battery ?
Ans: Sulphuric acid
Q43. Who discovered pH scale ?
Ans: S. P. Sørensen
Q44. Nature of ammonia gas ?
Ans: Alkaline
Q45. Neutral solution pH value ?
Ans: 7
Q46. Most malleable metal ?
Ans: Gold
Q47. Mercury exists at room temperature in which state ?
Ans: Liquid
Q48. Main ore of aluminium ?
Ans: Bauxite
Q49. Atomic number of phosphorus ?
Ans: 15
BIOLOGY
Q50. Physical basis of life ?
Ans: Protoplasm
Q51. Largest cell ?
Ans: Ostrich egg
Q52. Largest human cell ?
Ans: Ovum
Q53. Longest cell ?
Ans: Nerve cell
Q54. Number of muscles in human body ?
Ans: 639
Q55. Two-chambered heart found in ?
Ans: Fish
Q56. Smallest flying bird ?
Ans: Hummingbird (Kiwi is flightless)
Q57. Study of lizards is called ?
Ans: Saurology
Q58. Hormones are secreted by ?
Ans: Endocrine glands
Q59. Master gland of body ?
Ans: Pituitary gland
Q60. Largest blood vessel ?
Ans: Aorta
Q61. Which artery carries impure blood ?
Ans: Pulmonary artery
Q62. First heart transplant performed by ?
Ans: Dr. Christiaan Barnard