Science Olympiad : General Biology MCQ set - 14
BIOLOGY
Q01. What is the physical basis of life ?
Ans: Protoplasm
Explanation: It contains all living substances of a cell.
Q02. Which is the largest cell ?
Ans: Ostrich egg
Explanation: It is visible to the naked eye.
Q03. Which is the largest human cell ?
Ans: Ovum
Explanation: Female reproductive cell.
Q04. Which is the longest cell ?
Ans: Nerve cell
Explanation: It can extend up to one meter.
Q05. How many muscles are present in the human body ?
Ans: 639
Explanation: Includes skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscles.
Q06. Which vertebrate has a two-chambered heart ?
Ans: Fish
Explanation: It has one atrium and one ventricle.
Q07. Which is the smallest flying bird ?
Ans: Hummingbird
Explanation: Kiwi is flightless (common exam trap).
Q08. Study of lizards is called ?
Ans: Saurology
Explanation: It deals with reptiles like lizards.
Q09. Hormones are secreted by which glands ?
Ans: Endocrine glands
Explanation: They release hormones directly into blood.
Q30. Which is the master gland ?
Ans: Pituitary gland
Explanation: It controls other endocrine glands.
Q10. Which is the largest blood vessel ?
Ans: Aorta
Explanation: It carries oxygenated blood from heart.
Q12. Which artery carries deoxygenated blood ?
Ans: Pulmonary artery
Explanation: It carries blood from heart to lungs.
Q13. Who performed the first heart transplant ?
Ans: Dr. Christiaan Barnard
Explanation: Performed in 1967.
CELL BIOLOGY
Q14. National Science Day is celebrated on ?
Ans: 28 February
Explanation: Marks discovery of Raman Effect.
Q15. Who proposed the cell theory ?
Ans: Schleiden and Schwann
Explanation: All living organisms are made of cells.
Q16. Who discovered the cell ?
Ans: Robert Hooke
Explanation: Observed cork cells.
Q17. Cell wall is made of ?
Ans: Cellulose
Explanation: Provides rigidity to plant cells.
Q18. Which is the smallest cell ?
Ans: Mycoplasma
Explanation: It lacks a cell wall.
Q19. Smallest cell organelle ?
Ans: Ribosome
Explanation: Site of protein synthesis.
Q20. Largest cell organelle ?
Ans: Nucleus
Explanation: Controls cell activities.
Q21. Who named mitochondria?
Ans: Carl Benda
Explanation: Means “thread-like granules”.
Q22. What is the powerhouse of the cell ?
Ans: Mitochondria
Explanation: Produces ATP.
VITAMINS
Q23. Who coined the term vitamin ?
Ans: Casimir Funk
Explanation: Identified vitamins as essential nutrients.
Q24. Deficiency of Vitamin A causes ?
Ans: Night blindness
Explanation: Vitamin A is essential for vision.
Q25. Chemical name of Vitamin A?
Ans: Retinol
Explanation: Fat-soluble vitamin.
Q26. Vitamin obtained from sunlight ?
Ans: Vitamin D
Explanation: Synthesized in skin by UV rays.
Q27. Richest source of Vitamin C ?
Ans: Amla
Explanation: Contains very high Vitamin C.
Physics & Misc.
Q28. Which gas is filled in electric bulbs ?
Ans: Nitrogen
Explanation: Prevents oxidation of filament.
Q29. Pencil lead is made of ?
Ans: Graphite
Explanation: A form of carbon.
Q30. Which non-metal is liquid at room temperature ?
Ans: Bromine
Explanation: Only liquid non-metal.
Q31. Unit of sound intensity ?
Ans: Decibel
Explanation: Measures loudness.
Q32. Study of fungi is called ?
Ans: Mycology
Explanation: Branch of biology.
Q33. Who discovered the nucleus ?
Ans: Robert Brown
Explanation: Observed in plant cells.
Q34. Law of inertia was given by ?
Ans: Isaac Newton
Explanation: First law of motion.
Q35. Chemical composition of coal gas ?
Ans: CH₄ + H₂
Explanation: Mainly methane and hydrogen.
BIOLOGY
Q36. What is the physical basis of life ?
Ans: Protoplasm
Explanation: It contains all living substances of a cell.
Q37. Which is the largest cell ?
Ans: Ostrich egg
Explanation: It is visible to the naked eye.
Q38. Which is the largest human cell ?
Ans: Ovum
Explanation: Female reproductive cell.
Q39. Which is the longest cell ?
Ans: Nerve cell
Explanation: It can extend up to one meter.
Q40. How many muscles are present in the human body ?
Ans: 639
Explanation: Includes skeletal, smooth, and cardiac muscles.
Q41. Which vertebrate has a two-chambered heart ?
Ans: Fish
Explanation: It has one atrium and one ventricle.
Q42. Which is the smallest flying bird ?
Ans: Hummingbird
Explanation: Kiwi is flightless (common exam trap).
Q43. Study of lizards is called ?
Ans: Saurology
Explanation: It deals with reptiles like lizards.
Q44. Hormones are secreted by which glands ?
Ans: Endocrine glands
Explanation: They release hormones directly into blood.
Q45. Which is the master gland ?
Ans: Pituitary gland
Explanation: It controls other endocrine glands.
Q46.