General Science – Classification of Living Organisms
Q1. Placing things into groups and subgroups on the basis of similarities is called what ?
Ans: Classification
Explanation: Similar things are grouped for easy study.
Q2. All living things are divided into how many main groups ?
Ans:: Five
Explanation: 5 Kingdoms - Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia.
Q3. Bacteria are placed in which kingdom ?
Ans: Monera
Explanation: They are unicellular microscopic organisms.
Q4. Algae are placed in which kingdom ?
Ans: Protista
Explanation: They are simple, plant-like, mostly aquatic organisms.
Q5. Plants can do what with their food ?
Ans: Prepare their own food
Explanation: Plants make food by photosynthesis.
Q6. Aquatic plants are what dwelling ?
Ans: Water dwelling
Explanation: They live fully or partly in water.
Q7. Animals can prepare their own food – True or False ?
Ans: False
Explanation: Animals depend on plants or other animals for food.
Q8. Animals are divided into two main groups – name them.
Ans: Vertebrates and Invertebrates
Explanation: Based on the presence or absence of a backbone.
Q9. Vertebrates are divided into how many classes ?
Ans: Five
Explanation: Fish, Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds, Mammals.
Q10. Fishes respire through what ?
Ans: Gills
Explanation: Gills help fish to take oxygen from water.
Q11. Which vertebrates live both on land and in water ?
Ans: Amphibians
Explanation: They can live in water and on land (example: frog, toad).
Q12. Birds that cannot fly but can run fast are called what ?
Ans: Running birds (like Ostrich)
Explanation: They have strong legs for running instead of flying.
Q13. The largest bird in the world is called ?
Ans: Ostrich
Explanation: Ostrich is the biggest bird; it cannot fly but can run very fast.
Q14. Mammals that live in water are ?
Ans: Dolphin and Whale
Explanation: These mammals live in water, are warm-blooded, give birth to babies, and breathe air through lungs.
Q15. Mammals that can fly are called ?
Ans: Bats
Explanation: Bats are the only mammals capable of true flight; their wings are made of skin stretched over elongated fingers.
Q16. Invertebrates are classified into how many groups ?
Ans: Two groups
Explanation: Invertebrates, which lack a backbone, are classified into simple and complex groups.
Q17Q. The body of an insect has how many parts ?
Ans: Three parts
Explanation: An insect’s body is divided into head, thorax, and abdomen.
Q18. Earthworms are called ?
Ans: Bio-fertilizer or natural fertilizer
Explanation: Earthworms improve soil fertility by producing humus through decomposition.
Q19. Plants are classified into how many groups ?
Ans: Two groups
Explanation: Plants are divided into flowering and non-flowering plants.
Q20. Examples of non-flowering plants are ?
Ans: Mosses and Ferns
Explanation: These plants do not produce flowers and reproduce through spores.
Q21. Flowering plants are classified into ?
Ans: Monocots and Dicots
Explanation: This classification is based on the number of cotyledons (seed leaves) in the seed.
Q22. Examples of Monocots are ?
Ans: Wheat, Maize, Rice
Explanation: Monocots have one seed leaf, parallel leaf veins, and fibrous roots.
Q23. Examples of Dicots are ?
Ans: Pea and Mango
Explanation: Dicots have two seed leaves, net-like leaf veins, and taproot system.
Q24. Reptiles have what kind of skin ?
Ans: Rough and dry
Explanation: Reptiles like snakes and lizards have scales that protect them and prevent water loss.
Q25. Who discovered the microscope ?
Ans: Anton van Leeuwenhoek
Explanation: The Dutch scientist improved lenses and was the first to observe microorganisms, known as the “Father of Microbiology.”
Q26. When viruses are inside a cell, what are they called ?
Ans: Parasites
Explanation: Viruses cannot live independently and require a host cell to reproduce, so they are obligate parasites.
Q27. When viruses are inactive in a cell, they look like what ?
Ans: Crystals
Explanation: In their inactive form, viruses can appear as crystalline structures under a microscope.
Q28. The word “virus” is derived from which Latin word and what does it mean ?
Ans: Venom, which means Poison
Explanation: The term “virus” comes from Latin, indicating the poisonous nature of these infectious agents.
Q29. Who discovered the virus and in which year ?
Ans: W. Stanley in 1935
Explanation: Wendell Stanley crystallized the tobacco mosaic virus, proving viruses are non-living infectious particles.
Q30. Diseases caused by viruses include ?
Ans: AIDS, Polio, Influenza, Chickenpox, etc.
Explanation: Viruses cause various infectious diseases in humans and animals.
Q31. Bacteria do not possess which cell structure ?
Ans: Nucleus
Explanation: Bacteria are prokaryotic cells; their genetic material is not enclosed in a nucleus.
Q32. The most important decomposer microorganism is ?
Ans: Bacteria
Explanation: Bacteria break down dead matter, recycling nutrients back into the ecosystem.
Q33. Special medicines used to control bacterial diseases are called ?
Ans: Antibiotics
Explanation: Antibiotics kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria without affecting host cells.
Q34. Rust and smut are diseases of maize and wheat caused by ?
Ans: Fungus
Explanation: Fungal infections cause rust and smut diseases in crops, affecting yield and quality.
Q35. Yeast is a microscopic ______.
Ans: Decomposer
Explanation: Yeast breaks down sugars and other organic matter, helping in decomposition and fermentation.
Q36. Due to yeast, the flour ______.
Ans: Ferments / Decomposes
Explanation: Yeast ferments the sugars in flour, producing carbon dioxide that makes dough rise.
Q37. Penicillin was the first antibiotic extracted from which fungus ?
Ans: Penicillium
Explanation: Alexander Fleming discovered Penicillin from Penicillium mold, the first antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections.
Q38. When a microorganism enters the body and starts growing, it is called ?
Ans: Infection
Explanation: Microorganisms like bacteria, viruses, or fungi can invade the body, causing diseases called infections.
Q39. The seed coat which covers the seed is called ?
Ans: Testa
Explanation: Testa protects the seed from mechanical injury and infection.
Q40. Cotyledons are very important because they ______.
Ans: Store food
Explanation: Cotyledons provide nourishment to the developing embryo during germination.
Q41. The process in which a seed grows into a new plant is called ?
Ans: Germination
Explanation: Germination involves the growth of the embryo inside the seed into a young plant under favorable conditions.
Q42. Germination does not require ______.
Ans: Moonlight
Explanation: Germination requires water, oxygen, and suitable temperature, not moonlight.
Q43. The young plant inside the seed is called ?
Ans: Embryo
Explanation: The embryo is the early stage of the plant, which develops into a seedling during germination.
Q44. Seeds are of how many types and what are they ?
Ans: Two types: Monocot and Dicot
Explanation: Seeds are classified based on the number of cotyledons; Monocots have one cotyledon and Dicots have two.
Q1. Placing things into groups and subgroups on the basis of similarities is called what ?
Ans: Classification
Explanation: Similar things are grouped for easy study.
Q2. All living things are divided into how many main groups ?
Ans:: Five
Explanation: 5 Kingdoms - Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia.
Q3. Bacteria are placed in which kingdom ?
Ans: Monera
Explanation: They are unicellular microscopic organisms.
Q4. Algae are placed in which kingdom ?
Ans: Protista
Explanation: They are simple, plant-like, mostly aquatic organisms.
Q5. Plants can do what with their food ?
Ans: Prepare their own food
Explanation: Plants make food by photosynthesis.
Q6. Aquatic plants are what dwelling ?
Ans: Water dwelling
Explanation: They live fully or partly in water.
Q7. Animals can prepare their own food – True or False ?
Ans: False
Explanation: Animals depend on plants or other animals for food.
Q8. Animals are divided into two main groups – name them.
Ans: Vertebrates and Invertebrates
Explanation: Based on the presence or absence of a backbone.
Q9. Vertebrates are divided into how many classes ?
Ans: Five
Explanation: Fish, Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds, Mammals.
Q10. Fishes respire through what ?
Ans: Gills
Explanation: Gills help fish to take oxygen from water.
Q11. Which vertebrates live both on land and in water ?
Ans: Amphibians
Explanation: They can live in water and on land (example: frog, toad).
Q12. Birds that cannot fly but can run fast are called what ?
Ans: Running birds (like Ostrich)
Explanation: They have strong legs for running instead of flying.
13Q. The largest bird in the world is called ?
Ans: Ostrich
Explanation: Ostrich is the biggest bird; it cannot fly but can run very fast.
14Q. Mammals that live in water are ?
Ans: Dolphin and Whale
Explanation: These mammals live in water, are warm-blooded, give birth to babies, and breathe air through lungs.
15Q. Mammals that can fly are called ?
Ans: Bats
Explanation: Bats are the only mammals capable of true flight; their wings are made of skin stretched over elongated fingers.
16Q. Invertebrates are classified into how many groups ?
Ans: Two groups
Explanation: Invertebrates, which lack a backbone, are classified into simple and complex groups.
17Q. The body of an insect has how many parts ?
Ans: Three parts
Explanation: An insect’s body is divided into head, thorax, and abdomen.
18Q. Earthworms are called ?
Ans: Bio-fertilizer or natural fertilizer
Explanation: Earthworms improve soil fertility by producing humus through decomposition.
19Q. Plants are classified into how many groups ?
Ans: Two groups
Explanation: Plants are divided into flowering and non-flowering plants.
20Q. Examples of non-flowering plants are ?
Ans: Mosses and Ferns
Explanation: These plants do not produce flowers and reproduce through spores.
21Q. Flowering plants are classified into ?
Ans: Monocots and Dicots
Explanation: This classification is based on the number of cotyledons (seed leaves) in the seed.
22Q. Examples of Monocots are ?
Ans: Wheat, Maize, Rice
Explanation: Monocots have one seed leaf, parallel leaf veins, and fibrous roots.
23Q. Examples of Dicots are ?
Ans: Pea and Mango
Explanation: Dicots have two seed leaves, net-like leaf veins, and taproot system.
24Q. Reptiles have what kind of skin ?
Ans: Rough and dry
Explanation: Reptiles like snakes and lizards have scales that protect them and prevent water loss.
25Q. Who discovered the microscope ?
Ans: Anton van Leeuwenhoek
Explanation: The Dutch scientist improved lenses and was the first to observe microorganisms, known as the “Father of Microbiology.”
Q26. When viruses are inside a cell, what are they called ?
Ans: Parasites
Explanation: Viruses cannot live independently and require a host cell to reproduce, so they are obligate parasites.
Q27. When viruses are inactive in a cell, they look like what ?
Ans: Crystals
Explanation: In their inactive form, viruses can appear as crystalline structures under a microscope.
Q28. The word “virus” is derived from which Latin word and what does it mean ?
Ans: Venom, which means Poison
Explanation: The term “virus” comes from Latin, indicating the poisonous nature of these infectious agents.
Q29. Who discovered the virus and in which year ?
Ans: W. Stanley in 1935
Explanation: Wendell Stanley crystallized the tobacco mosaic virus, proving viruses are non-living infectious particles.
Q30. Diseases caused by viruses include ?
Ans: AIDS, Polio, Influenza, Chickenpox, etc.
Explanation: Viruses cause various infectious diseases in humans and animals.
Q31. Bacteria do not possess which cell structure ?
Ans: Nucleus
Explanation: Bacteria are prokaryotic cells; their genetic material is not enclosed in a nucleus.
Q32. The most important decomposer microorganism is ?
Ans: Bacteria
Explanation: Bacteria break down dead matter, recycling nutrients back into the ecosystem.
Q33. Special medicines used to control bacterial diseases are called ?
Ans: Antibiotics
Explanation: Antibiotics kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria without affecting host cells.
Q34. Rust and smut are diseases of maize and wheat caused by ?
Ans: Fungus
Explanation: Fungal infections cause rust and smut diseases in crops, affecting yield and quality.
Q35. Yeast is a microscopic ______.
Ans: Decomposer
Explanation: Yeast breaks down sugars and other organic matter, helping in decomposition and fermentation.
Q36. Due to yeast, the flour ______.
Ans: Ferments / Decomposes
Explanation: Yeast ferments the sugars in flour, producing carbon dioxide that makes dough rise.
Q37. Penicillin was the first antibiotic extracted from which fungus ?
Ans: Penicillium
Explanation: Alexander Fleming discovered Penicillin from Penicillium mold, the first antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections.
Q38. When a microorganism enters the body and starts growing, it is called ?
Ans: Infection
Explanation: Microorganisms like bacteria, viruses, or fungi can invade the body, causing diseases called infections.
Q39. The seed coat which covers the seed is called ?
Ans: Testa
Explanation: Testa protects the seed from mechanical injury and infection.
Q40. Cotyledons are very important because they ______.
Ans: Store food
Explanation: Cotyledons provide nourishment to the developing embryo during germination.
Q41. The process in which a seed grows into a new plant is called ?
Ans: Germination
Explanation: Germination involves the growth of the embryo inside the seed into a young plant under favorable conditions.
Q42. Germination does not require ______.
Ans: Moonlight
Explanation: Germination requires water, oxygen, and suitable temperature, not moonlight.
Q43. The young plant inside the seed is called ?
Ans: Embryo
Explanation: The embryo is the early stage of the plant, which develops into a seedling during germination.
Q44. Seeds are of how many types and what are they ?
Ans: Two types: Monocot and Dicot
Explanation: Seeds are classified based on the number of cotyledons; Monocots have one cotyledon and Dicots have two.
Q45. Any harmful change in the environment is called ?
Ans: Pollution
Explanation: Pollution refers to the introduction of harmful substances or changes into the environment that affect living organisms.
Q46. The things which cause pollution are called ?
Ans: Pollutants
Explanation: Pollutants are substances or agents that cause pollution, e.g., smoke, chemicals, or waste.
Q47. How many types of pollution are there ?
Ans: Three types
Explanation: The main types are air pollution, water pollution, and soil pollution.
Q48. Materials which can be degraded naturally are called ?
Ans: Biodegradable
Explanation: Biodegradable materials break down naturally by microorganisms into harmless substances.
Q49. Materials which cannot be degraded naturally are called ?
Ans: Non-biodegradable
Explanation: Non-biodegradable materials like plastic and glass remain in the environment for a long time.
Q50. Cars and buses give off a large amount of ?
Ans: Smoke
Explanation: Vehicle exhaust emits smoke and gases that pollute the air.
Q51. Dead plants and dead animals are ?
Ans: Biodegradable
Explanation: They decompose naturally and enrich the soil with nutrients.
Q52. Electricity wires, batteries, and plastic are ?
Ans: Non-biodegradable
Explanation: These materials cannot be decomposed naturally and accumulate in the environment.
Q53. Matter exists in how many forms ?
Ans: Three forms
Explanation: Matter exists as solids, liquids, and gases.
Q54. Solids expand on ______ and contract on ______?
Ans: Heating; Cooling
Explanation: When solids are heated, particles move faster and expand; cooling slows particles and contracts the solid.
Q55. The change of solid into liquid is called ?
Ans: Melting
Explanation: Melting occurs when heat is applied to a solid to convert it into a liquid.
Q56. The change of liquid into solid is called ?
Ans: Freezing
Explanation: Freezing occurs when a liquid loses heat and becomes solid.