Pronouns: Relative Pronouns








Pronouns: Relative Pronouns : Difficulty Level: Moderate


What is a Relative Pronoun ?


Definition: A Relative Pronoun is a pronoun that joins two parts of a sentence and gives more information about a noun (person, animal, or thing) mentioned before it.


āĻ¸āĻ‚āĻœā§āĻžāĻž : Relative Pronoun āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻšā§ˆāĻ›ā§‡ āĻāĻ¨ā§‡ āĻāĻ• āĻĒā§ā§°āĻŖāĻžāĻ‰āĻ¨, āĻ¯āĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻĻā§āĻŸāĻž āĻŦāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ¯ āĻāĻ•ā§‡āĻ˛āĻ— āĻ•ā§°ā§‡ āĻ†ā§°ā§ āĻ†āĻ—āĻ¤ā§‡ āĻ‰āĻ˛ā§āĻ˛ā§‡āĻ– āĻ•ā§°āĻž noun (āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ/āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ā§/āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§) āĻŦāĻŋāĻˇāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ…āĻ§āĻŋāĻ• āĻ¤āĻĨā§āĻ¯ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĨ¤

Common Relative Pronouns

  • who → person (subject) , whom → person (object) , whose → possession , which → thing/animal , that → person/animal/thing (common use)


Ex : 

  1. The boy who is running is my brother. āĻ¯āĻŋ āĻ˛’ā§°āĻžāĻœāĻ¨ āĻĻā§Œā§°āĻŋ āĻ†āĻ›ā§‡, āĻ¸āĻŋ āĻŽā§‹ā§° āĻ­āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ•āĨ¤

  2. The girl whom I met is kind. āĻŽāĻ‡ āĻ¯āĻŋāĻœāĻ¨ā§€ āĻ›ā§‹ā§ąāĻžāĻ˛ā§€āĻ• āĻ˛āĻ— āĻĒāĻžāĻ‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ā§‹āĻ, āĻ¤āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ¸āĻĻāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤

  3. The man whose car is red is my uncle. āĻ¯āĻžā§° āĻ—āĻžāĻĄāĻŧā§€ ā§°āĻ™āĻž, āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻšāĻœāĻ¨ āĻŽā§‹ā§° āĻ–ā§ā§°āĻžāĨ¤

  4. The book which you gave me is useful. āĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻŋ āĻŽā§‹āĻ• āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¤āĻžāĻĒāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ‰āĻĒāĻ•āĻžā§°ā§€āĨ¤

  5. The dog that barked loudly ran away. āĻœā§‹ā§°ā§‡ā§°ā§‡ āĻ­ā§āĻ•āĻž āĻ•ā§āĻ•ā§ā§°āĻŸā§‹ āĻĒāĻ˛āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ—’āĻ˛āĨ¤


Why Relative Pronouns are Used

  • To avoid repetition , To add extra information , To connect clauses


Very Important Exam Tips (HSLC / SSC)

  • who → person doing the action

  • whom → person receiving the action

  • whose → ownership

  • which → thing/animal

  • that → common (person/thing/animal)


Memory Trick : Relative Pronoun = connector + information

Word Box: who, whom, whose, which, that


Ans :

  1. The boy who is running is my brother. who = person (subject)
    āĻĻā§Œā§°āĻŋ āĻĨāĻ•āĻž āĻ˛’ā§°āĻžāĻœāĻ¨ āĻŽā§‹ā§° āĻ­āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡āĻ•āĨ¤

  2. The girl who won the prize is happy. who = person doing the action
    āĻĒā§ā§°āĻ¸ā§āĻ•āĻžā§° āĻœāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ•ā§°āĻž āĻ›ā§‹ā§ąāĻžāĻ˛ā§€āĻŸā§‹ āĻ¸ā§āĻ–ā§€āĨ¤

  3. The book that you gave me is interesting. that = thing
    āĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻŋ āĻŽā§‹āĻ• āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¤āĻžāĻĒāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ†āĻ—ā§ā§°āĻšāĻœāĻ¨āĻ•āĨ¤

  4. The man whose car is red is my uncle.whose = possession
    āĻ¯āĻžā§° āĻ—āĻžāĻĄāĻŧā§€ ā§°āĻ™āĻž, āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āĻšāĻœāĻ¨ āĻŽā§‹ā§° āĻ–ā§ā§°āĻžāĨ¤

  5. The dog that barked loudly ran away.that = animal
    āĻœā§‹ā§°ā§‡ā§°ā§‡ āĻ­ā§āĻ•āĻŋ āĻĨāĻ•āĻž āĻ•ā§āĻ•ā§ā§°āĻŸā§‹ āĻĒāĻ˛āĻžāĻ‡ āĻ—’āĻ˛āĨ¤

  6. The teacher whom we met was kind. whom = person (object)
    āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ¯āĻŋāĻœāĻ¨ āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āĻˇāĻ•āĻ• āĻ˛āĻ— āĻĒāĻžāĻ‡āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛ā§‹āĻ, āĻ¤ā§‡āĻ“āĻ āĻ¸āĻĻāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ†āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛āĨ¤

  7. The house which stands there is old. which = thing/place
    āĻ¤āĻžāĻ¤ āĻĨāĻ•āĻž āĻ˜ā§°āĻŸā§‹ āĻĒā§ā§°āĻŖāĻŋāĨ¤

  8. The artist whose painting sold smiled.whose = possession
    āĻ¯āĻžā§° āĻšāĻŋāĻ¤ā§ā§° āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•ā§ā§°ā§€ āĻš’āĻ˛, āĻ¸ā§‡āĻ‡ āĻļāĻŋāĻ˛ā§āĻĒā§€ āĻšāĻžāĻāĻšāĻŋāĻ˛ā§‡āĨ¤

  9. The movie that we watched was funny. that = thing
    āĻ†āĻŽāĻŋ āĻšā§‹ā§ąāĻž āĻšāĻŋāĻ¨ā§‡āĻŽāĻžāĻ–āĻ¨ āĻ§ā§‡āĻŽā§‡āĻ˛ā§€āĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻ†āĻ›āĻŋāĻ˛āĨ¤

  10. The player who scored is famous.who = person (subject)
    āĻ¯āĻŋāĻœāĻ¨ āĻ–ā§‡āĻ˛ā§ā§ąā§ˆāĻ¯āĻŧā§‡ āĻ—’āĻ˛ āĻ•ā§°āĻŋāĻ˛ā§‡, āĻ¤ā§‡āĻ“āĻ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ–ā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ¤āĨ¤

  11. The friend whom I trust helped me. whom = person (object)
    āĻŽāĻ‡ āĻ¯āĻŋāĻœāĻ¨ āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āĻ§ā§āĻ• āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ āĻ•ā§°ā§‹āĻ, āĻ¤ā§‡āĻ“āĻ āĻŽā§‹āĻ• āĻ¸āĻšāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ•ā§°āĻŋāĻ˛ā§‡āĨ¤


Exam Tip


  • who → person (subject)

  • whom → person (object)

  • whose → possession (person/thing)

  • which → thing/place

  • that → person/animal/thing (common use)


Memory Trick : Person → who/whom | Ownership → whose | Thing → which/that

 









 









 

Pronouns: Relative Pronouns – 20 MCQs

 

1. The boy ___ is playing is my cousin. A) which B) whom C) who D) whose
Ans: C) who
Note: āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻŋā§° subject = who

2. The girl ___ won the race is very happy. A) whom B) who C) whose D) which
Ans: B) who
Note: āĻ•āĻžāĻŽ āĻ•ā§°āĻž āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ = who

3. The book ___ I bought yesterday is interesting. A) who B) whose C) that D) whom
Ans: C) that
Note: āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ā§ = that

4. The man ___ car is stolen is crying. A) who B) whom C) which D) whose
Ans: D) whose
Note: āĻŽāĻžāĻ˛āĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻ¨āĻž = whose

5. The dog ___ barked loudly ran away. A) who B) which C) that D) whose
Ans: C) that
Note: āĻœāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ā§° āĻŦāĻžāĻŦā§‡ āĻ¸āĻžāĻ§āĻžā§°āĻŖāĻ¤ā§‡ that

6. The teacher ___ we met was kind.A) who B) whom C) whose D) which
Ans: B) whom
Note: object āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ = whom

7. The house ___ is very old needs repair. A) who B) whom C) which D) whose
Ans: C) which
Note: āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ā§/āĻ āĻžāĻ‡ = which

8. The student ___ bag is lost is worried. A) who B) whose C) whom D) which
Ans: B) whose
Note: āĻ•āĻžā§° āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻžāĻ— = whose

9. The movie ___ we watched was funny. A) who B) whom C) whose D) that
Ans: D) that
Note: āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ā§ = that

10. The player ___ scored the goal is famous. A) whom B) who C) which D) whose
Ans: B) who
Note: āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ (subject) = who

11. The friend ___ I trust helped me. A) who B) whose C) whom D) which
Ans: C) whom
Note: object āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ = whom

12. The pen ___ you gave me is lost. A) who B) whose C) which D) whom
Ans: C) which
Note: āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ā§ = which

13. The man ___ lives next door is a doctor. A) whom B) who C) which D) whose
Ans: B) who
Note: subject āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ = who

14. The girl ___ father is a teacher studies well. A) who B) whom C) whose D) which
Ans: C) whose
Note: āĻ•āĻžā§° āĻĻā§‡āĻ‰āĻ¤āĻžāĻ• = whose

15. The chair ___ is broken should be repaired. A) who B) whom C) whose D) which
Ans: D) which
Note:: āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ā§ = which

16. The boy ___ I called did not answer. A) who B) whom C) whose D) which
Ans: B) whom
Note: āĻ•āĻžāĻ• āĻĢā§‹āĻ¨ āĻ•ā§°āĻŋāĻ˛ā§‹āĻ = whom

17. The tree ___ has fallen blocked the road. A) who B) whose C) which D) whom
Ans: C) which
Note: āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ā§ = which

18. The artist ___ painting was sold smiled. A) who B) whom C) which D) whose
Ans: D) whose
Note: āĻ•āĻžā§° āĻ›āĻŦāĻŋ = whose

19. The student ___ works hard will succeed. A) whom B) who C) which D) whose
Ans: B) who
Note: subject āĻŦā§āĻ¯āĻ•ā§āĻ¤āĻŋ = who

20. The book ___ cover is torn is mine. A) who B) which C) whose D) whom
Ans: C) whose
Note: āĻŽāĻžāĻ˛āĻŋāĻ•āĻžāĻ¨āĻž = whose

 

Exam Revision


  • who → person (subject) , whom → person (object) , whose → possession (āĻ•āĻžā§°) , which → thing/place , that → person / animal / thing (common use)


Memory Trick :  Person does → who | Person receives → whom | Ownership → whose | Thing → which / that