What is a Preposition ? Preposition – Meaning and Types

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What is a Preposition ?

A preposition is a word that shows the relationship between a noun or pronoun and another word in a sentence.
It usually tells us about place, time, direction, cause, manner, or position.

Definition:
A preposition is a word placed before a noun or pronoun to show its relation to another word in the sentence.

সংজ্ঞা (Assamese): Preposition হৈছে এনে এটা শব্দ যি noun বা pronoun ৰ আগত বহে আৰু বাক্যত আন শব্দৰ সৈতে সম্পৰ্ক বুজায়।

Ex: The book is on the table. কিতাপখন টেবুলৰ ওপৰত আছে।

Types of Prepositions

Preposition of Place : Shows where something is.

Common words: in, on, at, under, over, behind, between

Ex: The cat is under the table. তেওঁ স্কুলৰ মাজত আছে।

Preposition of Time : Shows when something happens.

Common words: at, on, in, before, after, during

Ex: He came at 6 o’clock. আমি সকালে উঠোঁ।

Preposition of Direction / Movement : Shows movement or direction.

Common words: to, into, towards, across, through

Ex: She went to school. পখীটো গছৰ ফালে উৰি গ’ল।

Preposition of Position : Shows exact position.

Common words: on, in, at, inside, outside

Ex: The keys are in the bag. বলটো বাকচৰ ভিতৰত আছে।

Preposition of Manner : Shows how something is done.

Common words: by, with, in, like

Ex: He solved the problem with ease. তেওঁ বাসেৰে (by bus) আহিল।

Preposition of Agent / Instrument : Shows who does the work or what is used.

Common words: by, with

Ex: The letter was written by her. কটাৰখন কলমেৰে লিখা হৈছিল।

Preposition of Cause / Reason : Shows reason or cause.

Common words: because of, due to, for

Ex: The match was canceled because of rain. বৰষুণৰ কাৰণে খেল বন্ধ হ’ল।

Compound Prepositions : Made of two or more words.

Ex: in front of / because of / according to

Example sentence: The teacher is in front of the class.

Quick Example List : in the room / on the table / at night / by bus / before class / after lunch

Correct Use of Prepositions

1. The players agreed to abide ___ the referee's decision.

AnS: (b) by

Explanation: Abide by means to obey or follow a rule or decision. ব্যাখ্যা: Abide by মানে হৈছে মানি চলা বা অনুসৰণ কৰা।
➡ খেলুৱৈসকলে ৰেফাৰীৰ সিদ্ধান্ত মানি চলিবলৈ সন্মত হৈছিল।

2. Modern industry abounds ___ opportunities for young people with good scientific knowledge.

Ans: (a) in

Explanation: Abound in means to be full of something. ব্যাখ্যা: Abound in মানে হৈছে বহুত পৰিমাণে থকা।
➡ আধুনিক উদ্যোগ সুযোগেৰে ভৰপূৰ।

3. A junior cashier has absconded ___ ten thousand rupees.

Ans: (d) with

Explanation: Abscond with means to run away secretly with money. ব্যাখ্যা: Abscond with মানে হৈছে টকা লৈ পলাই যোৱা।

4. The children were so absorbed ___ their game that they did not notice the passage of time.

Ans: (c) in

Explanation: Absorbed in means deeply engaged or fully involved. ব্যাখ্যা: Absorbed in মানে হৈছে সম্পূৰ্ণ মনোযোগেৰে ব্যস্ত থকা।

5. He was abstained ___ salted food by the doctor.

Ans: (a) from

Explanation: Abstain from means to avoid something. ব্যাখ্যা: Abstain from মানে হৈছে বিৰত থকা / এৰি চলা। ➡ ডাক্তৰে তেওঁক নুনীয়া খাদ্য এৰি চলিবলৈ কৈছিল।

6. The committee regrets that it cannot accede ___ your request for a month's unpaid leave.

Ans: (b) to

Explanation: Accede to means to agree to a request. ব্যাখ্যা: Accede to মানে হৈছে অনুৰোধ মানি লোৱা।

7. My information does not accord ___ the report which has just been presented.

Ans: (c) with

Explanation: Accord with means to agree or match. ব্যাখ্যা: Accord with মানে হৈছে মিল খোৱা / একে হোৱা।

8. I have been accused ___ many things in my life, but never of cowardice.

Ans: (b) of

Explanation: Accused of means charged with a fault or crime. ব্যাখ্যা: Accused of মানে হৈছে দোষ আৰোপ কৰা।

9. You will soon get accustomed ___ the change of climate.

Ans: (a) to

Explanation: Accustomed to means used to something. ব্যাখ্যা: Accustomed to মানে হৈছে অভ্যস্ত হৈ যোৱা।

10. The new teacher was very slow to adapt ___ the unusual rules of the school.

Ans: (d) to

Explanation: Adapt to means to adjust to new conditions. ব্যাখ্যা: Adapt to মানে হৈছে নতুন পৰিস্থিতিত খাপ খোৱা।

11. He became addicted ___ drugs at quite an early age.

Ans: (c) to

Explanation: Addicted to means dependent on something harmful. ব্যাখ্যা: Addicted to মানে হৈছে নেশাত পৰি যোৱা।

12. This point will adhere ___ any surface, whether rough or smooth.

Ans: (a) to

Explanation: Adhere to means to stick firmly. ব্যাখ্যা: Adhere to মানে হৈছে লগি ধৰা।

13. It is awful to be afflicted ___ a sense of inferiority.

Ans: (b) with

Explanation: Afflicted with means suffering from a problem. ব্যাখ্যা: Afflicted with মানে হৈছে কষ্ট পোৱা / ভোগা।

14. The debate adjourned ___ the following week.

Ans: (d) to

Explanation: Adjourned to means postponed to a later time. ব্যাখ্যা: Adjourned to মানে হৈছে পিছলৈ স্থগিত কৰা।

15. This college is affiliated ___ the Punjab University.

Ans: (a) to

Explanation: Affiliated to means officially connected with a university. ব্যাখ্যা: Affiliated to মানে হৈছে বিশ্ববিদ্যালয়ৰ সৈতে আনুষ্ঠানিকভাৱে সংযুক্ত।

Final Exam Tip: Many verbs take fixed prepositions—learn them as pairs. বহু verb ৰ লগত নিৰ্দিষ্ট preposition থাকে—যোৰে যোৰে মুখস্থ কৰক।