Time â Basic Concepts : What is Time ?
What is Time ?
Time is the measurement of events from past to present to future. We use clocks and calendars to measure time.
āĻ¸āĻŽā§ āĻšā§āĻā§ āĻ āĻ¤ā§āĻ¤ā§° āĻĒā§°āĻž āĻŦā§°ā§āĻ¤āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻā§°ā§ āĻā§ąāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ¯ā§āĻ˛ā§ āĻāĻāĻ¨āĻžā§° āĻŽāĻžāĻĒāĨ¤ āĻāĻŽāĻŋ āĻ¸āĻŽā§ āĻā§āĻāĻŋāĻŦāĻ˛ā§ āĻā§ā§ āĻā§°ā§ āĻā§āĻ˛ā§āĻŖā§āĻĄāĻžā§° āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻā§°ā§āĻāĨ¤
Units of Time
• 60 seconds = 1 minute : ā§Ŧā§Ļ āĻā§āĻā§āĻŖā§āĻĄ = ā§§ āĻŽāĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋāĻ
• 60 minutes = 1 hour : ā§Ŧā§Ļ āĻŽāĻŋāĻ¨āĻŋāĻ = ā§§ āĻāĻŖā§āĻāĻž
• 24 hours = 1 day : ā§¨ā§Ē āĻāĻŖā§āĻāĻž = ā§§ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨
• 7 days = 1 week : ā§ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ = ā§§ āĻ¸āĻĒā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻš
• 12 months = 1 year : ā§§ā§¨ āĻŽāĻžāĻš = ā§§ āĻŦāĻā§°
Note: Time moves continuously and cannot be stopped. : āĻ¸āĻŽā§ āĻ¸āĻĻāĻžā§ āĻāĻāĻŦāĻžā§āĻŋ āĻĨāĻžāĻā§ āĻā§°ā§ āĻĨāĻžāĻŽāĻŋ āĻ¨āĻžāĻĨāĻžāĻā§āĨ¤
Why Time is Important
Understanding time helps us plan our daily activities like study, work, and rest.
āĻ¸āĻŽā§ āĻŦā§āĻāĻŋāĻ˛ā§ āĻāĻŽāĻŋ āĻāĻŽāĻžā§° āĻĻā§āĻ¨āĻŋāĻ āĻāĻžāĻŽāĻŦā§ā§° (āĻĒā§āĻž, āĻāĻžāĻŽ, āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§ā§°āĻžāĻŽ) āĻ¸āĻ āĻŋāĻāĻāĻžā§ąā§ āĻĒā§°āĻŋāĻāĻ˛ā§āĻĒāĻ¨āĻž āĻā§°āĻŋāĻŦ āĻĒāĻžā§°ā§āĨ¤
- Leap Year & Earth’s Movement : Solar & Lunar Calendar Systems : Time Zones & Standard Time : View Paper
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Clock System – 12 Hour & 24 Hour Format
1. 12 - Hour Format
In the 12-hour clock system, the day is divided into two parts:
- A.M. – from midnight to noon
- P.M. – from noon to midnight
Examples: 7:00 A.M. → Morning time, 7:00 P.M. → Evening time : ā§§ā§¨ āĻāĻŖā§āĻāĻžā§° āĻā§ā§ āĻĒāĻĻā§āĻ§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨āĻā§ āĻĻā§āĻāĻž āĻāĻžāĻāĻ¤ āĻāĻžāĻ āĻā§°āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤
- A.M. → āĻŽāĻžāĻāĻ¨āĻŋāĻļāĻžā§° āĻĒā§°āĻž āĻĻā§āĻĒā§°āĻ˛ā§, P.M. → āĻĻā§āĻĒā§°ā§° āĻĒā§°āĻž āĻŽāĻžāĻāĻ¨āĻŋāĻļāĻžāĻ˛ā§
āĻāĻĻāĻžāĻšā§°āĻŖ: 7:00 A.M. → āĻĒā§ā§ąāĻž ā§ āĻŦāĻā§, 7:00 P.M. → āĻ¸āĻ¨ā§āĻ§ā§āĻ¯āĻž ā§ āĻŦāĻā§
2. 24 - Hour Format
In the 24-hour clock system, time runs from 00:00 to 23:59. A.M. and P.M. are not used. : ā§¨ā§Ē āĻāĻŖā§āĻāĻžā§° āĻā§ā§ āĻĒāĻĻā§āĻ§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻ¸āĻŽā§ 00:00 ā§° āĻĒā§°āĻž 23:59 āĻ˛ā§ āĻāĻ˛ā§āĨ¤ āĻāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžāĻ¤ A.M. āĻā§°ā§ P.M. āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻā§°āĻž āĻ¨āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤
Examples : āĻāĻĻāĻžāĻšā§°āĻŖ: 7:00 A.M. → 07:00, 7:00 P.M. → 19:00
3. Conversion Examples
- 1:00 P.M. → 13:00
- 6:00 P.M. → 18:00
- 12:00 A.M. → 00:00
Important Rule
To change P.M. time into 24-hour format, add 12 to the hour. : P.M. āĻ¸āĻŽā§ ā§¨ā§Ē āĻāĻŖā§āĻāĻžā§° āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻ˛ā§ āĻ¸āĻ˛āĻ¨āĻŋ āĻā§°āĻŋāĻŦāĻ˛ā§, āĻāĻŖā§āĻāĻžā§° āĻ˛āĻāĻ¤ ā§§ā§¨ āĻ¯ā§āĻ āĻā§°āĻŋāĻŦ āĻ˛āĻžāĻā§āĨ¤
But do not add 12 for 12 P.M. : āĻāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ 12 P.M. āĻ¤ ā§§ā§¨ āĻ¯ā§āĻ āĻ¨āĻā§°ā§āĨ¤
Example : āĻāĻĻāĻžāĻšā§°āĻŖ: 5:00 P.M. → 5 + 12 = 17:00
Key Point
The 12-hour clock uses A.M. and P.M. : ā§§ā§¨ āĻāĻŖā§āĻāĻžā§° āĻā§ā§āĻ¤ A.M. āĻā§°ā§ P.M. āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤
The 24-hour clock uses numbers from 00:00 to 23:59. : ā§¨ā§Ē āĻāĻŖā§āĻāĻžā§° āĻā§ā§āĻ¤ 00:00 ā§° āĻĒā§°āĻž 23:59 āĻ˛ā§ āĻ¸āĻŽā§ āĻĻā§āĻā§āĻā§ąāĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤
Both systems show the same time, but in different ways. : āĻĻā§ā§ā§āĻāĻž āĻĒāĻĻā§āĻ§āĻ¤āĻŋā§ā§ āĻāĻā§ āĻ¸āĻŽā§ āĻĻā§āĻā§ā§ąāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ, āĻāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ āĻĻā§āĻā§āĻā§ąāĻžā§° āĻ§ā§°āĻŖ āĻŦā§āĻ˛ā§āĻāĨ¤
- Leap Year & Earth’s Movement : Solar & Lunar Calendar Systems : Time Zones & Standard Time : View Paper
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Days, Weeks & Months
1. Days of the Week
There are 7 days in a week. : Sunday | Monday | Tuesday | Wednesday | Thursday | Friday | Saturday
āĻāĻāĻž āĻ¸āĻĒā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻšāĻ¤ ā§āĻāĻž āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ āĻĨāĻžāĻā§ : āĻĻā§āĻāĻŦāĻžā§° | āĻ¸ā§āĻŽāĻŦāĻžā§° | āĻŽāĻā§āĻāĻ˛āĻŦāĻžā§° | āĻŦā§āĻ§āĻŦāĻžā§° | āĻŦā§āĻšāĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻ¤āĻŋāĻŦāĻžā§° | āĻļā§āĻā§ā§°āĻŦāĻžā§° | āĻļāĻ¨āĻŋāĻŦāĻžā§°
2. Months of the Year
There are 12 months in a year. : January | February | March | April | May | June | July | August | September | October | November | December
āĻāĻāĻž āĻŦāĻā§°āĻ¤ ā§§ā§¨āĻāĻž āĻŽāĻžāĻš āĻĨāĻžāĻā§: āĻāĻžāĻ¨ā§ā§ąāĻžā§°ā§ | āĻĢā§āĻŦā§ā§°ā§ā§ąāĻžā§°ā§ | āĻŽāĻžā§°ā§āĻ | āĻāĻĒā§ā§°āĻŋāĻ˛ | āĻŽā§ | āĻā§āĻ¨ | āĻā§āĻ˛āĻžāĻ | āĻāĻāĻˇā§āĻ | āĻā§āĻĒā§āĻā§āĻŽā§āĻŦā§° | āĻ āĻā§āĻā§āĻŦā§° | āĻ¨ā§ąā§āĻŽā§āĻŦā§° | āĻĄāĻŋāĻā§āĻŽā§āĻŦā§°
3. Month Days Rule
30 days - ā§Šā§Ļ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨: April | June | September | November
31 days - ā§Šā§§ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨: January | March | May | July | August | October | December
February: 28 days (29 days in leap year) ā§¨ā§Ž āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ (Leap year āĻ¤ ā§¨ā§¯ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨)
Important Fact : 1 year = 365 days | Leap year = 366 days : ā§§ āĻŦāĻā§° = ā§Šā§Ŧā§Ģ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨ | Leap year = ā§Šā§Ŧā§Ŧ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨
Key Point : A calendar helps organize time in days, weeks, months, and years. : āĻā§āĻ˛ā§āĻŖā§āĻĄāĻžā§°ā§ āĻ¸āĻŽā§ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¨, āĻ¸āĻĒā§āĻ¤āĻžāĻš, āĻŽāĻžāĻš āĻā§°ā§ āĻŦāĻā§°āĻ¤ āĻ¸āĻāĻāĻ āĻŋāĻ¤ āĻā§°ā§āĨ¤