Train Problem set


Train Problems : āĻŸā§ā§°ā§‡āχāύ āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϝāĻž


1. Train crossing a standing man / pole


Formula: Time=Length of Train / Speed of TrainIf speed = x km/hr, length = L m


Then,


   Time = L/x


ExplanationOnly train moves, so speed = train speed. : āĻ‡ā§ŸāĻžāϤ āĻŽāĻžāύ⧁āĻš/āϖ⧁āρāϟāĻž āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋā§° āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇ → āĻ•ā§‡ā§ąāϞ āĻŸā§ā§°ā§‡āχāύ āĻ—āϤāĻŋ āϕ⧰⧇āĨ¤


2. Two trains moving in opposite direction


Speeds = x km/hr and y km/hr


Relative Speed: x + y


Time to cross each other: Time = L1 + L2 / x + y 


ExplanationOpposite direction → speeds add. : āĻŦāĻŋāĻĒā§°ā§€āϤ āĻĻāĻŋāĻļ → āĻ—āϤāĻŋ āϝ⧋āĻ— āĻšā§Ÿ (x + y)


3. Two trains moving in same direction


Speeds = x km/hr and y km/hr


Relative Speed: âˆŖx−yâˆŖ


Time: Time = L1 + L2 / x−y


ExplanationSame direction → subtract speeds. : āĻāϕ⧇āĻĻāĻŋāĻļ⧇ āĻ—āϤāĻŋ → āĻ—āϤāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋā§Ÿā§‹āĻ— āĻšā§Ÿ (x - y)


4. Train crossing a man sitting inside another train


Case 1: Opposite direction


Relative speed: x + y


Time: Time = L / x + y


Case 2: Same direction


Relative speed: x − y


Time: Time = L / x−y


ExplanationMan is in another train → use relative speed. : āĻŽāĻžāύ⧁āĻšāĻŸā§‹ āφāύ āĻāĻ–āύ āĻŸā§ā§°ā§‡āχāύāϤ āφāϛ⧇ → āφāĻĒ⧇āĻ•ā§āώāĻŋāĻ• āĻ—āϤāĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āϕ⧰āĻŋāĻŦ āϞāĻžāϗ⧇āĨ¤


5. Train crossing a platform / bridge


Formula: Time = Length of Train + Length of Platform / Speed


ExplanationTrain covers both lengths.: āĻŸā§ā§°ā§‡āχāύ⧇ āύāĻŋāϜ⧰ āĻĻā§ˆā§°ā§āĻ˜ā§āϝ + āĻĒā§āϞāĻžāϟāĻĢā§°ā§āĻŽā§° āĻĻā§ˆā§°ā§āĻ˜ā§āϝ āĻ…āϤāĻŋāĻ•ā§ā§°āĻŽ āϕ⧰⧇āĨ¤


Important Summary (Exam Trick)



  • Opposite → Add (x + y)

  • Same → Subtract (x - y)

  • Man/Pole → only train length

  • Platform → add both lengths


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1. Train Crossing a Pole or Person


When a train crosses a pole or a person, the distance travelled equals the length of the train, because the pole or person has no length.


āϝ⧇āϤāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻāϟāĻž āĻŸā§ā§°ā§‡āχāύ⧇ āϖ⧁āρāϟāĻŋ āĻŦāĻž āĻŽāĻžāύ⧁āĻš āĻĒāĻžā§° āϕ⧰⧇, āϤ⧇āϤāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻ…āϤāĻŋāĻ•ā§ā§°āĻŽ āϕ⧰āĻž āĻĻā§‚ā§°āĻ¤ā§āĻŦ = āĻŸā§ā§°ā§‡āχāύ⧰ āĻĻā§ˆā§°ā§āĻ˜ā§āϝ āĻšāϝāĻŧ, āĻ•āĻžā§°āĻŖ āϖ⧁āρāϟāĻŋ āĻŦāĻž āĻŽāĻžāύ⧁āĻšā§° āύāĻŋāϜāĻž āĻĻā§ˆā§°ā§āĻ˜ā§āϝ āύāĻžāĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇āĨ¤


Formula: Speed = Distance / Time, Distance = Length of Train


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Q. A train 200 m long crosses a pole in 10 seconds. : āĻāϟāĻž ⧍ā§Ļā§Ļ āĻŽāĻŋāϟāĻžā§° āĻĻā§€āϘāϞ āĻŸā§ā§°ā§‡āχāύ āĻ āĻāϟāĻž āϖ⧁āρāϟāĻŋ ā§§ā§Ļ āϛ⧇āϕ⧇āĻŖā§āĻĄāϤ āĻĒāĻžā§° āϕ⧰⧇āĨ¤


Distance āĻĻā§‚ā§°āĻ¤ā§āĻŦ= 200 m, : āĻĻā§‚ā§°āĻ¤ā§āĻŦ = ⧍ā§Ļā§Ļ āĻŽāĻŋāϟāĻžā§°


Time = 10 s, āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ = ā§§ā§Ļ āϛ⧇āϕ⧇āĻŖā§āĻĄ


Speed = 200 ÷ 10 = 20 m/s


Convert m/s to km/h: 20 x 18/5 = 72


Speed : km/h āϤ = 72 km/h, Note: m/s - km/h multiply by 18/5.



Q. Train length : āĻŸā§ā§°ā§‡āχāύ⧰ āĻĻā§ˆā§°ā§āĻ˜ā§āϝ = 150 m(ā§§ā§Ģā§Ļ āĻŽāĻŋāϟāĻžā§°)Platform length : āĻĒā§āϞāĻžāϟāĻĢā§°ā§āĻŽā§° āĻĻā§ˆā§°ā§āĻ˜ā§āϝ = 100 m(ā§§ā§Ļā§Ļ āĻŽāĻŋāϟāĻžā§°) :



  • Total distance : āĻŽā§āĻ  āĻĻā§‚ā§°āĻ¤ā§āĻŦ = 150 + 100 = 250 m


Exam Tricks :



  • Crossing pole/person → Distance = Train length : āϖ⧁āρāϟāĻŋ āĻŦāĻž āĻŽāĻžāύ⧁āĻš āĻĒāĻžā§° → āĻĻā§‚ā§°āĻ¤ā§āĻŦ = āĻŸā§ā§°ā§‡āχāύ⧰ āĻĻā§ˆā§°ā§āĻ˜ā§āϝ

  • Crossing platform → Distance = Train + Platform : āĻĒā§āϞāĻžāϟāĻĢā§°ā§āĻŽ āĻĒāĻžā§° → āĻĻā§‚ā§°āĻ¤ā§āĻŦ = āĻŸā§ā§°ā§‡āχāύ + āĻĒā§āϞāĻžāϟāĻĢā§°ā§āĻŽ

  • Always check unit conversion : āϏāĻĻāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻāĻ•āĻ• āĻĒā§°āĻŋāĻŦā§°ā§āϤāύ āϚāĻžāĻŦ āϞāĻžāĻ—





Common Mistakes



  • Forgetting platform length : āĻĒā§āϞāĻžāϟāĻĢā§°ā§āĻŽā§° āĻĻā§ˆā§°ā§āĻ˜ā§āϝ āϝ⧋āĻ— āύāϕ⧰āĻž

  • Wrong unit conversion : āϭ⧁āϞ āĻāĻ•āĻ• āĻĒā§°āĻŋāĻŦā§°ā§āϤāύ

  • Using wrong distance formula : āϭ⧁āϞ āĻĻā§‚ā§°āĻ¤ā§āĻŦā§° āϏ⧂āĻ¤ā§āϰ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āϕ⧰āĻž




Key Point 


Train problems mainly depend on the total distance travelled by the train. : āĻŸā§ā§°ā§‡āχāύ āϏāĻŽāĻ¸ā§āϝāĻžāĻŦā§‹ā§° āĻŽā§‚āϞāϤ āĻŸā§ā§°ā§‡āχāύ⧇ āĻ…āϤāĻŋāĻ•ā§ā§°āĻŽ āϕ⧰āĻž āĻŽā§āĻ  āĻĻā§‚ā§°āĻ¤ā§āĻŦā§° āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āύāĻŋā§°ā§āĻ­ā§° āϕ⧰⧇āĨ¤