Element 3: Lithium (Li) / āĻŽā§āϞ ā§Š: āϞāĻŋāĻĨāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ (Li) â Used in rechargeable batteries, medicines.
Properties / āĻā§āĻŖāϏāĻŽā§āĻš : Lithium is a very light and soft metal that can be cut easily. It reacts quickly with air and water, so it must be handled carefully and stored in oil. āϞāĻŋāĻĨāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻāĻāĻž āĻŦāĻšā§āϤ āĻĒā§āĻšā§° āĻā§°ā§ āĻā§āĻŽāϞ āϧāĻžāϤā§, āϝāĻžāĻ āϏāĻšāĻā§ āĻāĻžāĻāĻŋāĻŦ āĻĒāĻžā§°āĻŋāĨ¤ āĻ āĻŦāĻžāϝāĻŧā§ āĻā§°ā§ āĻĒāĻžāύā§ā§° āϏā§āϤ⧠āϤā§āĻā§āώāĻŖāĻžāϤ āĻŦāĻŋāĻā§ā§°āĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻā§°ā§, āϏā§āϝāĻŧā§ āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ āϤā§āϞāϤ āϏāĻā§°āĻā§āώāĻŖ āĻā§°āĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤
Uses / āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° : Lithium is widely used in rechargeable batteries, especially in mobile phones, laptops, and electric vehicles. āϞāĻŋāĻĨāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻĒā§āύ⧰ āĻāĻžā§°ā§āĻ āĻā§°āĻŋāĻŦ āĻĒā§°āĻž āĻŦā§āĻāĻžā§°ā§āϤ, āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āώāĻā§ āĻŽā§āĻŦāĻžāĻāϞ āĻĢā§āύ, āϞā§āĻĒāĻāĻĒ āĻā§°ā§ āĻŦā§āĻĻā§āϝā§āϤāĻŋāĻ āĻāĻžāĻĄāĻŧā§āϤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻā§°āĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤
Importance / āĻā§ā§°ā§āϤā§āĻŦ : Lithium is very important because it is a key component of modern rechargeable batteries, making it essential for today’s electronic devices and electric vehicles. āϞāĻŋāĻĨāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻ āϤāĻŋ āĻā§ā§°ā§āϤā§āĻŦāĻĒā§āϰā§āĻŖ āĻāĻžā§°āĻŖ āĻ āĻāϧā§āύāĻŋāĻ āĻŦā§āĻāĻžā§°ā§ā§° āĻŽā§āϞ āĻ āĻāĻļ, āϝāĻžā§° āĻŦāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻ āĻāϞā§āĻā§āĻā§ā§°āύāĻŋāĻ āĻĄāĻŋāĻāĻžāĻāĻ āĻā§°ā§ āĻŦā§āĻĻā§āϝā§āϤāĻŋāĻ āĻāĻžāĻĄāĻŧā§ā§° āĻŦāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻ āϤāĻŋ āĻĒā§ā§°āϝāĻŧā§āĻāύā§āϝāĻŧāĨ¤
Why Stored in Oil ? / āĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧ āϤā§āϞāϤ ā§°āĻāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ ?
Lithium is stored in oil because it reacts quickly with air and water, and oil helps to protect it from reacting āϞāĻŋāĻĨāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻŦāĻžāϝāĻŧā§ āĻā§°ā§ āĻĒāĻžāύā§ā§° āϏā§āϤ⧠āϤā§āĻā§āώāĻŖāĻžāϤ āĻŦāĻŋāĻā§ā§°āĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻā§°ā§, āϏā§āϝāĻŧā§ āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ āϤā§āϞāϤ ā§°āĻžāĻāĻŋ āϏā§ā§°āĻā§āώāĻŋāϤ āĻā§°āĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤
Fun Fact / ā§°ā§āĻŽāĻžāĻā§āĻāĻā§° āϤāĻĨā§āϝ : Lithium is widely used in rechargeable batteries, which power many modern devices. āϞāĻŋāĻĨāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻĒā§āύ⧰ āĻāĻžā§°ā§āĻ āĻā§°āĻŋāĻŦ āĻĒā§°āĻž āĻŦā§āĻāĻžā§°ā§āϤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻā§°āĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ, āϝāĻŋ āĻāϧā§āύāĻŋāĻ āϝāύā§āϤā§ā§°āϏāĻŽā§āĻš āĻāϞāĻžāĻŦāϞ⧠āϏāĻšāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻā§°ā§āĨ¤
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Lithium (Li) – PYQ MCQs
Q1. Lithium belongs to which group of the periodic table ? : āϞāĻŋāĻĨāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻā§ąā§°ā§āϤ āϏāĻžā§°āĻŖā§ā§° āĻā§āύāĻā§ āĻā§āĻāϤ āĻĒā§°ā§ ?
(a) Group 1 (b) Group 2 (c) Group 17 (d) Group 18
Ans: (a) Group 1
Explanation: Lithium is an alkali metal, placed in Group 1. : āϞāĻŋāĻĨāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻāĻāĻž āĻā§āώāĻžā§° āϧāĻžāϤā§, āϏā§āϝāĻŧā§ āĻā§āĻ ā§§āϤ āĻĨāĻžāĻā§āĨ¤
Q2. Atomic number of lithium is: āϞāĻŋāĻĨāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽā§° āĻĒāĻžā§°āĻŽāĻžāĻŖā§ąāĻŋāĻ āϏāĻāĻā§āϝāĻž āĻāĻŋ ?
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5
Ans: (b) 3
Explanation: Atomic number = number of protons = 3. : āĻĒāĻžā§°āĻŽāĻžāĻŖā§ąāĻŋāĻ āϏāĻāĻā§āϝāĻž = āĻĒā§ā§°ā§āĻāύ⧰ āϏāĻāĻā§āϝāĻž = ā§ŠāĨ¤
Q3. Lithium is classified as: āϞāĻŋāĻĨāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽāĻ āĻā§āύā§āĻā§ āĻļā§ā§°ā§āĻŖā§āĻŦāĻĻā§āϧ āĻā§°āĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ ?
(a) Non-metal (b) Metalloid (c) Metal (d) Noble gas
Ans: (c) Metal
Explanation: Lithium is a metal. : āϞāĻŋāĻĨāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻāĻāĻž āϧāĻžāϤā§āĨ¤
Q4. Number of electrons in lithium atom is: āϞāĻŋāĻĨāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻĒā§°āĻŽāĻžāĻŖā§āϤ āĻāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāύ āĻāϞā§āĻā§āĻā§ā§°āύ āĻĨāĻžāĻā§ ?
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5
Ans: (b) 3
Explanation: Lithium has 3 electrons equal to its atomic number. : āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāϤ ā§ŠāĻāĻž āĻāϞā§āĻā§āĻā§ā§°āύ āĻĨāĻžāĻā§āĨ¤
Q5. Lithium is stored in oil because: āϞāĻŋāĻĨāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āϤā§āϞāϤ ā§°āĻžāĻāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ āĻāĻžā§°āĻŖ -
(a) It is heavy (b) It reacts with air (c) It is solid (d) It is hard
Ans: (b) It reacts with air
Explanation: Lithium reacts with air and water, so it is stored in oil. : āĻ āĻŦāĻžāϝāĻŧā§ āĻā§°ā§ āĻĒāĻžāύā§ā§° āϏā§āϤ⧠āĻŦāĻŋāĻā§ā§°āĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻā§°ā§, āϏā§āϝāĻŧā§ āϤā§āϞāϤ ā§°āĻžāĻāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤
Q6. Lithium is mainly used in: āϞāĻŋāĻĨāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻŽā§āĻā§āϝāϤ āĻ’āϤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻšāϝāĻŧ ?
(a) Clothes (b) Batteries (c) Wood (d) Cement
Ans: (b) Batteries
Explanation: Lithium is widely used in batteries. : āĻŦā§āĻāĻžā§°ā§āϤ āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻĒāĻ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤
Q7. Lithium is: āϞāĻŋāĻĨāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻšā§āĻā§ -
(a) Hard metal (b) Soft metal (c) Gas (d) Liquid
Ans: (b) Soft metal
Explanation: Lithium is a soft metal that can be cut. : āĻ āĻā§āĻŽāϞ āϧāĻžāϤā§āĨ¤
Q8. How many protons are present in lithium ? : āϞāĻŋāĻĨāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽāϤ āĻāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāύ āĻĒā§ā§°ā§āĻāύ āĻĨāĻžāĻā§ ?
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5
Ans: (b) 3
Explanation: Protons = atomic number = 3. : āĻĒā§ā§°ā§āĻāύ = ā§ŠāĨ¤
Q9. Lithium is the ______ metal. : āϞāĻŋāĻĨāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻšā§āĻā§ ______ āϧāĻžāϤā§āĨ¤
(a) Heaviest (b) Lightest (c) Strongest (d) Hardest
Ans: (b) Lightest
Explanation: Lithium is the lightest metal. : āϞāĻŋāĻĨāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻāĻāĻžāĻāϤāĻā§ āĻĒā§āĻšā§° āϧāĻžāϤā§āĨ¤
Q10. Lithium is used in electric cars because: āϞāĻŋāĻĨāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻŦā§āĻĻā§āϝā§āϤāĻŋāĻ āĻāĻžāĻĄāĻŧā§āϤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻā§°āĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ āĻāĻžā§°āĻŖ -
(a) It is heavy (b) It stores energy (c) It is weak (d) It is gas
Ans: (b) It stores energy
Explanation: Lithium batteries store electrical energy efficiently. : āϞāĻŋāĻĨāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻŦā§āĻāĻžā§°ā§āϝāĻŧā§ āĻļāĻā§āϤāĻŋ āϏāĻā§āĻāϝāĻŧ āĻā§°ā§āĨ¤