Element 5: Boron (B) / āĻŽā§āϞ ā§Ģ: āĻŦā§°āĻŖ (B) â Used in glass, detergents, fertilizers.
Basic Information / āĻŽā§āϞāĻŋāĻ āϤāĻĨā§āϝ
- Name: Boron / āύāĻžāĻŽ: āĻŦā§°āĻŖ
- Symbol: B / āĻāĻŋāĻšā§āύ: B
- Atomic Number: 5 / āĻĒāĻžā§°āĻŽāĻžāĻŖā§ąāĻŋāĻ āϏāĻāĻā§āϝāĻž: ā§Ģ
- Nature: Metalloid / āĻĒā§ā§°āĻā§āϤāĻŋ: āĻāĻĒāϧāĻžāϤā§
Boron is a metalloid (between metal and non-metal). : āĻŦā§°āĻŖ āĻāĻāĻž āĻāĻĒāϧāĻžāϤ⧠(āϧāĻžāϤ⧠āĻā§°ā§ āĻ
āϧāĻžāϤā§ā§° āĻŽāĻžāĻāϤ)āĨ¤
Structure of Atom / āĻĒā§°āĻŽāĻžāĻŖā§ā§° āĻāĻ āύ
- Protons: 5 / āĻĒā§ā§°ā§āĻāύ: ā§Ģ
- Electrons: 5 / āĻāϞā§āĻā§āĻā§ā§°āύ: ā§Ģ
- Neutrons: 6 (usually) / āύāĻŋāĻāĻā§ā§°āύ: ā§Ŧ (āϏāĻžāϧāĻžā§°āĻŖāϤā§)
Simple atomic structure. : āϏāĻšāĻ āĻĒā§°āĻŽāĻžāĻŖā§ āĻāĻ āύāĨ¤
Properties / āĻā§āĻŖāϏāĻŽā§āĻš
- Hard and strong / āĻāĻ āĻŋāύ āĻā§°ā§ āĻļāĻā§āϤāĻŋāĻļāĻžāϞā§
- Not purely metal or non-metal / āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒā§ā§°ā§āĻŖ āϧāĻžāϤ⧠āύāĻšāϝāĻŧ āĻŦāĻž āĻ āϧāĻžāϤā§āĻ āύāĻšāϝāĻŧ
- Heat resistant / āϤāĻžāĻĒ āϏāĻšāύāĻļā§āϞ
- Semiconducting nature / āĻ ā§°ā§āϧ-āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āϝā§ā§ āĻĒā§°āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻšā§ āĻā§āĻŖ
Uses / āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§°
- Glass making (borosilicate glass) / āĻā§āϞāĻžāĻ āĻŦāύā§ā§ąāĻžāϤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§°
- Detergents / āĻĄāĻŋāĻāĻžā§°ā§āĻā§āύā§āĻāϤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§°
- Fiberglass / āĻĢāĻžāĻāĻŦāĻžā§°āĻā§āϞāĻžāĻāϤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§°
Importance / āĻā§ā§°ā§āϤā§āĻŦ
- Makes heat-resistant glass
- Important for cleaning products
- Used in strong lightweight materials
Why is Boron Special ? / āĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧ āĻŦā§°āĻŖ āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āώ ?
It is a metalloid, so it shows properties of both metals and non-metals. : āĻ āĻāĻĒāϧāĻžāϤā§, āϏā§āϝāĻŧā§ āϧāĻžāϤ⧠āĻā§°ā§ āĻ āϧāĻžāϤā§ā§° āĻĻā§āϝāĻŧā§āĻāĻž āĻā§āĻŖ āĻĻā§āĻā§ā§ąāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤
Fact / āϤāĻĨā§āϝ : Boron helps make heat-resistant glass. : āĻŦā§°āĻŖā§ āϤāĻžāĻĒ-āϏāĻšāύāĻļā§āϞ āĻā§āϞāĻžāĻ āĻŦāύā§ā§ąāĻžāϤ āϏāĻšāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻā§°ā§āĨ¤
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Boron (B) – PYQ MCQs
Q1. Boron belongs to which group of the periodic table ? āĻŦā§°āĻŖ āĻā§ąā§°ā§āϤ āϏāĻžā§°āĻŖā§ā§° āĻā§āύāĻā§ āĻā§āĻāϤ āĻĒā§°ā§ ?
(a) Group 13 (b) Group 2 (c) Group 1 (d) Group 18
Ans: (a) Group 13
Explanation: Boron is placed in Group 13 of the periodic table. : āĻŦā§°āĻŖ āĻā§ąā§°ā§āϤ āϏāĻžā§°āĻŖā§ā§° āĻā§āĻ ā§§ā§ŠāϤ āĻĨāĻžāĻā§āĨ¤
Q2. Atomic number of boron is: āĻŦā§°āĻŖā§° āĻĒāĻžā§°āĻŽāĻžāĻŖā§ąāĻŋāĻ āϏāĻāĻā§āϝāĻž āĻāĻŋ ?
(a) 3 (b) 4 (c) 5 (d) 6
Ans: (c) 5
Explanation: Atomic number = number of protons = 5. : āĻĒāĻžā§°āĻŽāĻžāĻŖā§ąāĻŋāĻ āϏāĻāĻā§āϝāĻž = āĻĒā§ā§°ā§āĻāύ⧰ āϏāĻāĻā§āϝāĻž = ā§ĢāĨ¤
Q3. Boron is classified as: āĻŦā§°āĻŖāĻ āĻā§āύā§āĻā§ āĻļā§ā§°ā§āĻŖā§āĻŦāĻĻā§āϧ āĻā§°āĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ ?
(a) Metal (b) Non-metal (c) Metalloid (d) Noble gas
Ans: (c) Metalloid
Explanation: Boron shows properties of both metals and non-metals. : āĻŦā§°āĻŖ āϧāĻžāϤ⧠āĻā§°ā§ āĻ
āϧāĻžāϤā§ā§° āĻĻā§āϝāĻŧā§āĻāĻž āĻā§āĻŖ āĻĻā§āĻā§ā§ąāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤
Q4. Number of electrons in boron atom is: āĻŦā§°āĻŖ āĻĒā§°āĻŽāĻžāĻŖā§āϤ āĻāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāύ āĻāϞā§āĻā§āĻā§ā§°āύ āĻĨāĻžāĻā§ ?
(a) 3 (b) 4 (c) 5 (d) 6
Ans: (c) 5
Explanation: Electrons = atomic number = 5. : āĻāϞā§āĻā§āĻā§ā§°āύ = ā§ĢāĨ¤
Q5. Boron is mainly used in: āĻŦā§°āĻŖ āĻŽā§āĻā§āϝāϤ āĻ’āϤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻšāϝāĻŧ ?
(a) Food (b) Glass (c) Paper (d) Fuel
Ans: (b) Glass
Explanation: Boron is used to make borosilicate glass. : āĻŦā§°āĻŖ āĻā§āϞāĻžāĻ āĻŦāύā§ā§ąāĻžāϤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤
Q6. Boron compounds are used in: āĻŦā§°āĻŖā§° āϝā§āĻ āĻ’āϤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻšāϝāĻŧ ?
(a) Detergents (b) Wood (c) Plastic (d) Fuel
Ans: (a) Detergents
Explanation: Boron compounds are used in detergents. : āĻĄāĻŋāĻāĻžā§°ā§āĻā§āύā§āĻāϤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤
Q7. Boron is: āĻŦā§°āĻŖ āĻšā§āĻā§ -
(a) Soft metal (b) Hard element (c) Gas (d) Liquid
Ans: (b) Hard element
Explanation: Boron is hard and strong. : āĻŦā§°āĻŖ āĻāĻ āĻŋāύ āĻā§°ā§ āĻļāĻā§āϤāĻŋāĻļāĻžāϞā§āĨ¤
Q8. How many protons are present in boron ? : āĻŦā§°āĻŖāϤ āĻāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāύ āĻĒā§ā§°ā§āĻāύ āĻĨāĻžāĻā§ ?
(a) 3 (b) 4 (c) 5 (d) 6
Ans: (c) 5
Explanation: Protons = atomic number = 5. āĻĒā§ā§°ā§āĻāύ = ā§ĢāĨ¤
Q9. Boron is important in fiberglass because: āĻŦā§°āĻŖ āĻĢāĻžāĻāĻŦāĻžā§°āĻā§āϞāĻžāĻāϤ āĻā§ā§°ā§āϤā§āĻŦāĻĒā§āϰā§āĻŖ āĻāĻžā§°āĻŖ -
(a) It is weak (b) It adds strength (c) It is gas (d) It is heavy
Ans: (b) It adds strength
Explanation: Boron makes fiberglass strong and durable. : āĻ āĻĢāĻžāĻāĻŦāĻžā§°āĻā§āϞāĻžāĻāĻ āĻļāĻā§āϤāĻŋāĻļāĻžāϞ⧠āĻā§°ā§āĨ¤
Q10. Boron helps in making: : āĻŦā§°āĻŖ āĻāĻŋāĻš āĻŦāύā§ā§ąāĻžāϤ āϏāĻšāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻā§°ā§?
(a) Soft glass (b) Heat-resistant glass (c) Water (d) Fuel
Ans: (b) Heat-resistant glass
Explanation: Boron is used to make heat-resistant glass. : āĻ āϤāĻžāĻĒ-āϏāĻšāύāĻļā§āϞ āĻā§āϞāĻžāĻ āĻŦāύā§ā§ąāĻžāϤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤