Element 6: Carbon (C) / āĻŽā§ŒāϞ ā§Ŧ: āĻ•āĻžā§°ā§āĻŦāύ (C) – Used in fuels, steel, graphite, diamonds.


Basic Information / āĻŽā§ŒāϞāĻŋāĻ• āϤāĻĨā§āϝ



  • Name: Carbon / āύāĻžāĻŽ: āĻ•āĻžā§°ā§āĻŦāύ

  • Symbol: C / āϚāĻŋāĻšā§āύ: C

  • Atomic Number: 6 / āĻĒāĻžā§°āĻŽāĻžāĻŖā§ąāĻŋāĻ• āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: ā§Ŧ

  • Nature: Non-metal / āĻĒā§ā§°āĻ•ā§ƒāϤāĻŋ: āĻ…āϧāĻžāϤ⧁


Carbon is the basic element of life. : āĻ•āĻžā§°ā§āĻŦāύ āĻšā§ˆāϛ⧇ āĻœā§€ā§ąāύ⧰ āĻŽā§‚āϞ āĻŽā§ŒāϞāĨ¤


Structure of Atom / āĻĒā§°āĻŽāĻžāϪ⧁⧰ āĻ—āĻ āύ



  • Protons: 6 / āĻĒā§ā§°ā§‹āϟāύ: ā§Ŧ

  • Electrons: 6 / āχāϞ⧇āĻ•ā§āĻŸā§ā§°āύ: ā§Ŧ

  • Neutrons: 6 (usually) / āύāĻŋāωāĻŸā§ā§°āύ: ā§Ŧ (āϏāĻžāϧāĻžā§°āĻŖāϤ⧇)


Simple atomic structure. : āϏāĻšāϜ āĻĒā§°āĻŽāĻžāϪ⧁ āĻ—āĻ āύāĨ¤


Properties / āϗ⧁āĻŖāϏāĻŽā§‚āĻš



  • Non-metal / āĻ…āϧāĻžāϤ⧁

  • Forms many compounds / āĻŦāĻšā§āϤ⧋ āϝ⧌āĻ— āĻ—āĻ āύ āϕ⧰⧇

  • Strong bonding ability / āĻļāĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāĻļāĻžāϞ⧀ āĻŦāĻ¨ā§āϧāύ āĻ—āĻ āύ āϕ⧰⧇

  • Exists in different forms / āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ ā§°ā§‚āĻĒāϤ āĻĒā§‹ā§ąāĻž āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ


Allotropes of Carbon / āĻ•āĻžā§°ā§āĻŦāύ⧰ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ ā§°ā§‚āĻĒ



  • Diamond / āĻšā§€ā§°āĻž (āϖ⧁āĻŦ āĻļāĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāĻļāĻžāϞ⧀)

  • Graphite / āĻ—ā§ā§°āĻžāĻĢāĻžāχāϟ (āĻĒ⧇āĻ¨ā§āϏāĻŋāϞāϤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻšāϝāĻŧ)


Same element, different forms. : āĻāϕ⧇ āĻŽā§ŒāϞ, āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ ā§°ā§‚āĻĒāĨ¤


Uses / āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§°



  • Fuels / āχāĻ¨ā§āϧāύāϤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻšāϝāĻŧ

  • Plastics / āĻĒā§āϞāĻžāĻˇā§āϟāĻŋāĻ•āϤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻšāϝāĻŧ

  • Pencil (graphite) / āĻĒ⧇āĻ¨ā§āϏāĻŋāϞāϤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻšāϝāĻŧ

  • Jewelry (diamond) / āĻ—āĻšāύāĻžāϤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻšāϝāĻŧ


Importance / āϗ⧁⧰⧁āĻ¤ā§āĻŦ



  • Basis of life / āĻœā§€ā§ąāύ⧰ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋ

  • Found in all living organisms / āϏāĻ•āϞ⧋ āĻœā§€ā§ąāϤ āĻĒā§‹ā§ąāĻž āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ

  • Forms millions of compounds / āϞāĻžāĻ– āϞāĻžāĻ– āϝ⧌āĻ— āĻ—āĻ āύ āϕ⧰⧇


Example Molecule / āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšā§°āĻŖ



  • CO₂ (Carbon dioxide)


Important for respiration and photosynthesis : āĻļā§āĻŦāĻžāϏ-āĻĒā§ā§°āĻļā§āĻŦāĻžāϏ āφ⧰⧁ āωāĻĻā§āĻ­āĻŋāĻĻā§° āĻŦāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āϗ⧁⧰⧁āĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ


Fact / āϤāĻĨā§āϝ : Diamond and graphite are both forms of carbon. : āĻšā§€ā§°āĻž āφ⧰⧁ āĻ—ā§ā§°āĻžāĻĢāĻžāχāϟ āĻĻ⧁āϝāĻŧā§‹āϟāĻžāχ āĻ•āĻžā§°ā§āĻŦāύ⧰ ā§°ā§‚āĻĒāĨ¤


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Carbon (C) – PYQ MCQs


Q1. Carbon belongs to which group of the periodic table ? : āĻ•āĻžā§°ā§āĻŦāύ āĻ†ā§ąā§°ā§āϤ āϏāĻžā§°āϪ⧀⧰ āϕ⧋āύāĻŸā§‹ āĻ—ā§‹āϟāϤ āĻĒ⧰⧇ ?
(a) Group 13 (b) Group 14 (c) Group 15 (d) Group 16


Ans: (b) Group 14
Explanation: Carbon is placed in Group 14. : āĻ•āĻžā§°ā§āĻŦāύ āĻ—ā§‹āϟ ā§§ā§ĒāϤ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇āĨ¤


Q2. Atomic number of carbon is: āĻ•āĻžā§°ā§āĻŦāύ⧰ āĻĒāĻžā§°āĻŽāĻžāĻŖā§ąāĻŋāĻ• āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻž āĻ•āĻŋ ?
(a) 4 (b) 5 (c) 6 (d) 7


Ans: (c) 6
Explanation: Atomic number = number of protons = 6. : āĻĒāĻžā§°āĻŽāĻžāĻŖā§ąāĻŋāĻ• āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻž = āĻĒā§ā§°ā§‹āϟāύ⧰ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻž = ā§ŦāĨ¤


Q3. Carbon is classified as: : āĻ•āĻžā§°ā§āĻŦāύāĻ• āϕ⧇āύ⧇āĻ•ā§ˆ āĻļā§ā§°ā§‡āĻŖā§€āĻŦāĻĻā§āϧ āϕ⧰āĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ ?
(a) Metal (b) Non-metal (c) Metalloid (d) Noble gas


Ans: (b) Non-metal
Explanation: Carbon is a non-metal. : āĻ•āĻžā§°ā§āĻŦāύ āĻāϟāĻž āĻ…āϧāĻžāϤ⧁āĨ¤


Q4. Number of electrons in carbon atom is: āĻ•āĻžā§°ā§āĻŦāύ āĻĒā§°āĻŽāĻžāϪ⧁āϤ āĻ•āĻŋāĻŽāĻžāύ āχāϞ⧇āĻ•ā§āĻŸā§ā§°āύ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇ ?
(a) 4 (b) 5 (c) 6 (d) 7


Ans: (c) 6
Explanation: Electrons = atomic number = 6. āχāϞ⧇āĻ•ā§āĻŸā§ā§°āύ = ā§ŦāĨ¤


Q5. Carbon is found in: āĻ•āĻžā§°ā§āĻŦāύ āĻ•’āϤ āĻĒā§‹ā§ąāĻž āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ ?
(a) Only air (b) Only water (c) All living organisms (d) Only metals


Ans: (c) All living organisms
Explanation: Carbon is present in all living things. : āϏāĻ•āϞ⧋ āĻœā§€ā§ąāϤ āĻ•āĻžā§°ā§āĻŦāύ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇āĨ¤


Q6. Diamond and graphite are: āĻšā§€ā§°āĻž āφ⧰⧁ āĻ—ā§ā§°āĻžāĻĢāĻžāχāϟ āĻ•āĻŋ ?
(a) Different elements (b) Compounds (c) Allotropes of carbon (d) Metals


Ans: (c) Allotropes of carbon
Explanation: They are different forms of the same element. : āĻāϕ⧇ āĻŽā§ŒāϞ⧰ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ ā§°ā§‚āĻĒāĨ¤


Q7. Carbon forms: : āĻ•āĻžā§°ā§āĻŦāύ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻ—āĻ āύ āϕ⧰⧇ ?
(a) Few compounds (b) No compounds (c) Millions of compounds (d) Only gases


Ans: (c) Millions of compounds
Explanation: Carbon has strong bonding ability. : āĻ•āĻžā§°ā§āĻŦāύ⧇ āĻŦāĻšā§āϤ⧋ āϝ⧌āĻ— āĻ—āĻ āύ āϕ⧰⧇āĨ¤


Q8. Carbon dioxide formula is: : āĻ•āĻžā§°ā§āĻŦāύ āĻĄāĻžāχāĻ…āĻ•ā§āϏāĻžāχāĻĄā§° āϏ⧂āĻ¤ā§ā§° āĻ•āĻŋ?
(a) CO (b) CO₂ (c) C₂O (d) O₂


Ans: (b) CO₂
Explanation: Carbon dioxide = CO₂. : āĻ•āĻžā§°ā§āĻŦāύ āĻĄāĻžāχāĻ…āĻ•ā§āϏāĻžāχāĻĄ = CO₂āĨ¤


Q9. Carbon is used in: āĻ•āĻžā§°ā§āĻŦāύ āĻ•’āϤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻšāϝāĻŧ ?
(a) Fuels (b) Plastics (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None


Ans: (c) Both (a) and (b)
Explanation: Carbon is used in fuels and plastics. : āχāĻ¨ā§āϧāύ āφ⧰⧁ āĻĒā§āϞāĻžāĻˇā§āϟāĻŋāĻ•āϤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤


Q10. Carbon is important because: āĻ•āĻžā§°ā§āĻŦāύ āϗ⧁⧰⧁āĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻ•āĻžā§°āĻŖ -
(a) It is heavy (b) It is rare (c) It is basis of life (d) It is gas


Ans: (c) It is basis of life


Explanation: Carbon is essential for life. : āĻœā§€ā§ąāύ⧰ āĻŦāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻ…āĻ¤ā§āϝāĻ¨ā§āϤ āϗ⧁⧰⧁āĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖāĨ¤