Element - 21 : Scandium (Sc) – Used in bicycles, alloys.


Basic Information / āĻŽā§ŒāϞāĻŋāĻ• āϤāĻĨā§āϝ : i. Atomic Number: 21, ii. Symbol: Sc, iii. Nature: Metal (Transition Metal)


Scandium is a lightweight and strong metal. : Scandium āĻāϟāĻž āĻĒāĻžāϤāϞ āφ⧰⧁ āĻŽāϜāĻŦ⧁āϤ āϧāĻžāϤ⧁āĨ¤


Atomic Structure / āĻĒā§°āĻŽāĻžāϪ⧁ āĻ—āĻ āύ : i. Protons: 21, ii. Electrons: 21


It has equal number of protons and electrons. : āĻ‡ā§ŸāĻžāϤ ⧍⧧āϟāĻž proton āφ⧰⧁ ⧍⧧āϟāĻž electron āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇āĨ¤


Properties / āϗ⧁āĻŖāĻ§ā§°ā§āĻŽ



  • Transition metal

  • Light and strong : āĻĒāĻžāϤāϞ āφ⧰⧁ āĻŽāϜāĻŦ⧁āϤ

  • Rare element : āĻĻ⧁āĻˇā§āĻĒā§ā§°āĻžāĻĒā§āϝ āĻŽā§ŒāϞ

  • Forms strong alloys : āĻŽāϜāĻŦ⧁āϤ alloy āĻ—āĻ āύ āϕ⧰⧇


Uses / āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§°



  • Used in aircraft industry : āĻŦāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāύ āωāĻĻā§āϝ⧋āĻ—āϤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻšā§Ÿ

  • Used in sports equipment : Sports equipmentāϤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻšā§Ÿ

  • Used in metal alloys for strength : Alloy āϤ⧈⧟āĻžā§° āϕ⧰āĻžāϤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻšā§Ÿ


Why is Scandium Important ? / āĻ•āĻŋ⧟ āϗ⧁⧰⧁āĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ ?


Scandium is important because it makes strong, lightweight alloys used in high-performance applications.


Scandium āϗ⧁⧰⧁āĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻ•āĻžā§°āĻŖ āχ āĻĒāĻžāϤāϞ āφ⧰⧁ āĻŽāϜāĻŦ⧁āϤ alloy āϤ⧈⧟āĻžā§° āϕ⧰⧇, āϝāĻŋ āωāĻ¨ā§āύāϤ āĻ•āĻžā§°ā§āĻ¯ā§āϝāĻ•ā§āώāĻŽ āĻ•ā§āώ⧇āĻ¤ā§ā§°āϤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻšā§ŸāĨ¤


Fun Fact / ā§°āϏāĻžāϞ āϤāĻĨā§āϝ :


Scandium is often used in high-performance sports gear like bats and bicycles. : Scandium āĻĒā§ā§°āĻžā§Ÿā§‡āχ sports gear (bat, cycle)āϤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻšā§ŸāĨ¤


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Scandium – MCQs


Q1. What is the atomic number of Scandium ? : Scandium-ā§° atomic number āĻ•āĻŋāĻŽāĻžāύ ?
(a) 20 (b) 21 (c) 22 (d) 23


Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: (b) 21
Explanation: Atomic number = number of protons → Sc has 21. āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: Atomic number āĻŽāĻžāύ⧇ proton āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻž → Sc-āϤ ⧍⧧āϟāĻž āφāϛ⧇āĨ¤


Q2. Scandium belongs to which block ? : Scandium āϕ⧋āύ block-āϤ āĻĒ⧰⧇ ?
(a) s-block (b) p-block (c) d-block (d) f-block


Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: (c) d-block
Explanation: It is a transition metal (d-block). āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: āχ āĻāϟāĻž transition metal (d-block)āĨ¤


Q3. Scandium is placed in which group ? : Scandium āϕ⧋āύ group-āϤ āφāϛ⧇ ?
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4


Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: (c) 3
Explanation: Sc is the first element of Group 3. āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: Sc Group 3-ā§° āĻĒā§ā§°āĻĨāĻŽ āĻŽā§ŒāϞāĨ¤


Q4. Electronic configuration of Scandium is ? : Scandium-ā§° electron configuration āĻ•āĻŋ ?


(a) [Ar]3d¹4s² (b) [Ar]3d²4s¹ (c) [Ar]3d⁰4s² (d) [Ar]3d³4s²


Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: (a)
Explanation: Total electrons = 21 → correct configuration. āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: āĻŽā§‹āϟ electron ⧍⧧ → āĻāχ configuration āϏāĻ āĻŋāĻ•āĨ¤


Q5. Scandium forms which ion ? : Scandium āϕ⧋āύ ion āĻ—āĻ āύ āϕ⧰⧇ ?
(a) Scâē (b) Sc²âē (c) Sc³âē (d) Sc⁴âē


Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: (c) Sc³âē
Explanation: It commonly loses 3 electrons. āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: āχ āϏāĻžāϧāĻžā§°āĻŖāϤ⧇ ā§ŠāϟāĻž electron āĻšā§‡ā§°ā§ā§ąāĻžā§ŸāĨ¤


Q6. Scandium is mainly used in which field ? : Scandium āĻŽā§āĻ–ā§āϝāϤ āĻ•’āϤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻšā§Ÿ ?
(a) Agriculture (b) Aircraft (c) Food (d) Medicine


Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: (b) Aircraft
Explanation: Used in aerospace alloys. āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: āĻŦāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāύ (aerospace) alloy-āϤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻšā§ŸāĨ¤


Q7. Scandium is known for which property ? Scandium āĻ•āĻŋāĻšā§° āĻŦāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āϜāύāĻžāϜāĻžāϤ ?
(a) Heavy (b) Light & strong (c) Liquid (d) Gas


Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: (b) Light & strong
Explanation: It forms strong but lightweight alloys. āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: āχ āĻĒāĻžāϤāϞ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁ āĻŽāϜāĻŦ⧁āϤ alloy āϤ⧈⧟āĻžā§° āϕ⧰⧇āĨ¤


Q8. Scandium is discovered by ? Scandium āĻ•āĻžāϕ⧰ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžā§°āĻž āφāĻŦāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ•ā§ƒāϤ āĻšā§ˆāĻ›āĻŋāϞ ?
(a) Dalton (b) Nilson (c) Newton (d) Bohr


Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: (b) Nilson
Explanation: Discovered in 1879 by Lars Nilson. āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: ā§§ā§Žā§­ā§¯ āϚāύāϤ Lars Nilson-āĻ āĻ†ā§ąāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ•āĻžā§° āϕ⧰āĻŋāĻ›āĻŋāϞāĨ¤


Q9. Scandium belongs to which period ? : Scandium āϕ⧋āύ period-āϤ āφāϛ⧇ ?
(a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5


Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: (c) 4
Explanation: It is located in Period 4. āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: āχ Period 4-āϤ āĻ…ā§ąāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋāϤāĨ¤


Q10. Scandium oxide formula is ? Scandium oxide-ā§° āϏ⧂āĻ¤ā§āϰ āĻ•āĻŋ ?
(a) ScO (b) Sc₂O₃ (c) ScO₂ (d) Sc₃O₂


Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: (b) Sc₂O₃
Explanation: Sc shows +3 oxidation state. āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: Sc-ā§° oxidation state +3āĨ¤