Why Do Magnets Lose Their Magnetism ? : āϚ⧁āĻŽā§āĻŦāϕ⧇ āĻ•āĻŋāϝāĻŧ āύāĻŋāϜ⧰ āϚ⧁āĻŽā§āĻŦāĻ•āĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āĻšā§‡ā§°ā§ā§ąāĻžāϝāĻŧ ?


Concept (āϧāĻžā§°āĻŖāĻž) : Magnets are made up of very tiny regions called magnetic domains, where each domain behaves like a small magnet with its own north and south poles. In an unmagnetized material, these domains are arranged randomly, so their effects cancel each other. But when all the domains are aligned in the same direction, they combine to form a strong magnet.


āϚ⧁āĻŽā§āĻŦāϕ⧰ āĻ­āĻŋāϤ⧰āϤ āĻ…āϤāĻŋ āϏ⧰⧁ āϏ⧰⧁ āĻ…āĻžā§āϚāϞ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇ āϝāĻžāĻ• āϚ⧁āĻŽā§āĻŦāϕ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻĄ’āĻŽā§‡āχāύ āĻŦā§‹āϞāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻĒā§ā§°āϤāĻŋāĻŸā§‹ āĻĄ’āĻŽā§‡āχāύ āϏ⧰⧁ āϚ⧁āĻŽā§āĻŦāϕ⧰ āĻĻ⧰⧇ āφāϚ⧰āĻŖ āϕ⧰⧇ āφ⧰⧁ āύāĻŋāϜāĻž āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰ āφ⧰⧁ āĻĻāĻ•ā§āώāĻŋāĻŖ āĻ§ā§ā§°ā§ā§ą āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇āĨ¤ āϝāĻĻāĻŋ āĻāχ āĻĄ’āĻŽā§‡āχāύāĻŦā§‹ā§° āĻāϞ⧋āĻŽā§‡āϞ⧋ āĻšā§ˆ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇, āϤ⧇āĻ¨ā§āϤ⧇ āϏāĻŋāĻšāρāϤ⧰ āĻĒā§ā§°āĻ­āĻžā§ą āĻāϕ⧇-āĻ…āĻĒ⧰⧇ āĻŦāĻžāϤāĻŋāϞ āϕ⧰⧇āĨ¤ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁ āϏāĻ•āϞ⧋ āĻĄ’āĻŽā§‡āχāύ āĻāϕ⧇āĻĻāĻŋāĻļ⧇ āϏāĻœā§‹ā§ąāĻž āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻŋāϞ⧇, āχ āĻāϕ⧇āϞāϗ⧇ āĻļāĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāĻļāĻžāϞ⧀ āϚ⧁āĻŽā§āĻŦāĻ• āĻ—āĻ āύ āϕ⧰⧇āĨ¤


Alignment Effect (āĻĄ’āĻŽā§‡āχāύ⧰ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻž) : The strength of a magnet depends on how well its domains are aligned. When domains are arranged in the same direction, the magnet becomes strong and shows clear magnetic properties. On the other hand, if the domains are disordered or random, the magnet becomes weak or may even lose its magnetism.


āϚ⧁āĻŽā§āĻŦāϕ⧰ āĻļāĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋ āĻĄ’āĻŽā§‡āχāύ⧰ āϏāĻœā§‹ā§ąāĻžā§° āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āύāĻŋā§°ā§āĻ­ā§° āϕ⧰⧇āĨ¤ āϝāĻĻāĻŋ āĻĄ’āĻŽā§‡āχāύāĻŦā§‹ā§° āĻāϕ⧇āĻĻāĻŋāĻļ⧇ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇, āϤ⧇āĻ¨ā§āϤ⧇ āϚ⧁āĻŽā§āĻŦāĻ• āĻļāĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāĻļāĻžāϞ⧀ āĻšāϝāĻŧ āφ⧰⧁ āĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻˇā§āϟ āϚ⧁āĻŽā§āĻŦāĻ•āĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āĻĻ⧇āĻ–ā§ā§ąāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁ āϝāĻĻāĻŋ āĻĄ’āĻŽā§‡āχāύāĻŦā§‹ā§° āĻāϞ⧋āĻŽā§‡āϞ⧋ āĻšāϝāĻŧ, āϤ⧇āĻ¨ā§āϤ⧇ āϚ⧁āĻŽā§āĻŦāĻ• āĻĻ⧁āĻ°ā§āĻŦāϞ āĻšā§ˆ āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻŦāĻž āϚ⧁āĻŽā§āĻŦāĻ•āĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āĻšā§‡ā§°āĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤


Causes of Loss of Magnetism (āϚ⧁āĻŽā§āĻŦāĻ•āĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āĻšā§ā§°āĻžāϏ⧰ āĻ•āĻžā§°āĻŖ) : A magnet can lose its magnetism due to several reasons. Heating a magnet at high temperature disturbs the alignment of domains, making them random. Physical impacts like hitting or dropping also break the alignment. Over a long period of time, magnets may naturally lose their magnetism slowly.


āϚ⧁āĻŽā§āĻŦāϕ⧰ āϚ⧁āĻŽā§āĻŦāĻ•āĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āϕ⧇āχāĻŦāĻžāϟāĻžāĻ“ āĻ•āĻžā§°āĻŖāϤ āĻšā§ā§°āĻžāϏ āĻĒāĻžāĻŦ āĻĒāĻžā§°ā§‡āĨ¤ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ• āϤāĻžāĻĒ āĻĻāĻŋāϞ⧇ āĻĄ’āĻŽā§‡āχāύāĻŦā§‹ā§° āĻāϞ⧋āĻŽā§‡āϞ⧋ āĻšā§ˆ āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āφāϘāĻžāϤ āĻŦāĻž āϧāĻžāĻ•ā§āĻ•āĻž (āϝ⧇āύ⧇ āĻĒā§°āĻŋ āĻ¯ā§‹ā§ąāĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻŽāĻžā§°āĻŋāϞ⧇) āĻĄ’āĻŽā§‡āχāύ⧰ āϏāĻœā§‹ā§ąāĻž āĻ­āĻžāĻ™āĻŋ āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇āĨ¤ āϞāĻ—āϤ⧇ āĻĻā§€āϘāϞ⧀āϝāĻŧāĻž āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧā§° āĻĒāĻŋāĻ›āϤ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ­āĻžā§ąāĻŋāĻ•āĻ­āĻžā§ąā§‡ āϚ⧁āĻŽā§āĻŦāĻ•āĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āϧ⧀⧰⧇ āϧ⧀⧰⧇ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋ āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤


Key Idea (āĻŽā§‚āϞ āϧāĻžā§°āĻŖāĻž) : If magnetic domains are aligned in one direction, the magnet is strong. If the domains become random, the magnet becomes weak or loses its magnetism.


āϝāĻĻāĻŋ āĻĄ’āĻŽā§‡āχāύāĻŦā§‹ā§° āĻāϕ⧇āĻĻāĻŋāĻļ⧇ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇, āϤ⧇āĻ¨ā§āϤ⧇ āϚ⧁āĻŽā§āĻŦāĻ• āĻļāĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāĻļāĻžāϞ⧀ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁ āϝāĻĻāĻŋ āĻĄ’āĻŽā§‡āχāύāĻŦā§‹ā§° āĻāϞ⧋āĻŽā§‡āϞ⧋ āĻšāϝāĻŧ, āϤ⧇āĻ¨ā§āϤ⧇ āϚ⧁āĻŽā§āĻŦāĻ• āĻĻ⧁āĻ°ā§āĻŦāϞ āĻšāϝāĻŧ āĻŦāĻž āϚ⧁āĻŽā§āĻŦāĻ•āĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āĻšā§‡ā§°āĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤


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MCQs


Q1. Magnetism is due to: āϚ⧁āĻŽā§āĻŦāĻ•āĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āĻ•āĻŋāĻšā§° āĻŦāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻšāϝāĻŧ ?
(a) Heat (b) Magnetic domains (c) Light (d) Gravity


Ans: (b) Magnetic domains
Explanation: Domains create magnetic effect. āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: āĻĄ’āĻŽā§‡āχāύāϏāĻŽā§‚āĻšā§‡ āϚ⧁āĻŽā§āĻŦāĻ•āĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āϏ⧃āĻˇā§āϟāĻŋ āϕ⧰⧇āĨ¤


Q2. A magnet becomes weak when: āϚ⧁āĻŽā§āĻŦāĻ• āϕ⧇āϤāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻĻ⧁āĻ°ā§āĻŦāϞ āĻšāϝāĻŧ ?
(a) Domains align (b) Domains randomize (c) Cooling (d) Polishing


Ans: (b) Domains randomize
Explanation: Random domains reduce magnetism. āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: āĻāϞ⧋āĻŽā§‡āϞ⧋ āĻĄ’āĻŽā§‡āχāύ⧇ āĻļāĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋ āĻ•āĻŽāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤


Q3. Heating a magnet will: āϚ⧁āĻŽā§āĻŦāĻ• āĻ—ā§°āĻŽ āϕ⧰āĻŋāϞ⧇ -
(a) Increase strength (b) Decrease strength (c) No change (d) Melt only


Ans: (b) Decrease strength
Explanation: Heat disturbs domain alignment. āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: āϤāĻžāĻĒ⧇ āĻĄ’āĻŽā§‡āχāύ⧰ āϏāĻœā§‹ā§ąāĻž āĻ­āĻžāϙ⧇āĨ¤


Q4. Dropping a magnet causes: āϚ⧁āĻŽā§āĻŦāĻ• āĻĒ⧇āϞāĻžāϞ⧇ -
(a) Stronger magnet (b) Loss of magnetism (c) No effect (d) Cooling


Ans: (b) Loss of magnetism
Explanation: Impact disturbs domains. āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: āφāϘāĻžāϤ⧇ āĻĄ’āĻŽā§‡āχāύ āĻāϞ⧋āĻŽā§‡āϞ⧋ āϕ⧰⧇āĨ¤


Q5. Strong magnet has: āĻļāĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāĻļāĻžāϞ⧀ āϚ⧁āĻŽā§āĻŦāϕ⧰ 
(a) Random domains (b) Aligned domains (c) No domains (d) Weak force


Ans: (b) Aligned domains


Explanation: Alignment gives strong magnetism. āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: āĻāϕ⧇ āĻĻāĻŋāĻļ⧇ āĻĨāĻ•āĻž āĻĄ’āĻŽā§‡āχāύ⧇ āĻļāĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋ āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇āĨ¤


Short Answer (2–3 Marks)


Magnets lose their magnetism when their magnetic domains become randomly arranged. Heat, impact, and time disturb the alignment of domains, making the magnet weaker.


āϚ⧁āĻŽā§āĻŦāϕ⧰ āĻĄ’āĻŽā§‡āχāύāϏāĻŽā§‚āĻš āĻāϞ⧋āĻŽā§‡āϞ⧋ āĻš’āϞ⧇ āϚ⧁āĻŽā§āĻŦāĻ•āĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āĻ•āĻŽā§‡āĨ¤ āϤāĻžāĻĒ, āφāϘāĻžāϤ āφ⧰⧁ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻĄ’āĻŽā§‡āχāύ⧰ āϏāĻœā§‹ā§ąāĻž āĻ…ā§ąāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻž āύāĻˇā§āϟ āϕ⧰⧇, āĻĢāϞāϤ āϚ⧁āĻŽā§āĻŦāĻ• āĻĻ⧁āĻ°ā§āĻŦāϞ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤


Trick: i. Aligned = Strong, ii. Random = Weak, iii. Heat/Impact = Loss of magnetism