What is a Computer ? (Detailed for Learners) :: āĻāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāĻāĻāĻžā§° āĻāĻŋ ? (āĻŦāĻŋāϏā§āϤā§āϤ āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻž) Basic Definition (āĻŽā§āϞāĻŋāĻ āϏāĻāĻā§āĻāĻž)
What is a Computer ? (Detailed for Learners) :: āĻāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāĻāĻāĻžā§° āĻāĻŋ ? (āĻŦāĻŋāϏā§āϤā§āϤ āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻž)
Basic Definition (āĻŽā§āϞāĻŋāĻ āϏāĻāĻā§āĻāĻž)
A computer is an electronic machine that takes input (data), processes it according to instructions, and gives output (result).
āĻāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāĻāĻāĻžā§° āĻāĻāĻž āĻāϞā§āĻā§āĻā§ā§°āύāĻŋāĻ āϝāύā§āϤā§ā§°, āϝāĻŋ data (input) āĻā§ā§°āĻšāĻŖ āĻā§°ā§, āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻā§āĻļāύāĻž āĻ āύā§āϏ⧰āĻŋ process āĻā§°ā§ āĻā§°ā§ āĻĢāϞāĻžāĻĢāϞ (output) āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§āĨ¤
How Computer Works ? (Computer āĻā§āύā§āĻā§ āĻāĻžāĻŽ āĻā§°ā§ ?)
A computer works in 4 main steps:
- Input (āĻāύāĻĒā§āĻ) : Input means giving data to the computer using devices like keyboard, mouse, scanner.Ex: Typing text, clicking mouse : Input āĻŽāĻžāύ⧠āĻāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāĻāĻāĻžā§°āĻ āϤāĻĨā§āϝ āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĨ¤ Keyboard, mouse āĻāĻĻāĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻā§°āĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤āĻāĻĻāĻžāĻšā§°āĻŖ: āĻāĻžāĻāĻĒ āĻā§°āĻž, mouse āĻā§āϞāĻŋāĻ āĻā§°āĻž
- Processing (āĻĒā§ā§°āĻā§ā§°āĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻā§°āĻŖ) : The computer processes data using CPU (brain of computer). It follows instructions stored in memory. : CPU (āĻŽāĻāĻā§) data āĻĒā§ā§°āĻā§ā§°āĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻā§°āĻŖ āĻā§°ā§ āĻā§°ā§ memoryāϤ āĻĨāĻāĻž āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻā§āĻļāύāĻž āĻ āύā§āϏ⧰āĻŋ āĻāĻžāĻŽ āĻā§°ā§āĨ¤
- Output (āĻāĻāĻāĻĒā§āĻ) : After processing, the computer shows the result through monitor, printer, speaker. āĻĒā§ā§°āĻā§ā§°āĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžā§° āĻĒāĻžāĻāϤ monitor, printer āĻāĻĻāĻŋā§°ā§ āĻĢāϞāĻžāĻĢāϞ āĻĻā§āĻā§ā§ąāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤
- Storage (āϏāĻā§°āĻā§āώāĻŖ) : Computer stores data and results for future use (hard disk, SSD, pen drive). āĻāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāĻāĻāĻžā§°ā§ data āĻā§°ā§ āĻĢāϞāĻžāĻĢāϞ āĻā§ąāĻŋāώā§āϝāϤ⧰ āĻŦāĻžāĻŦā§ āϏāĻā§°āĻā§āώāĻŖ āĻā§°ā§āĨ¤
Simple Flow (āϏāĻšāĻ āĻĒā§ā§°āĻŦāĻžāĻš) : Input → Process → Output → Storage : āĻāύāĻĒā§āĻ → āĻĒā§ā§°āĻā§ā§°āĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻā§°āĻŖ → āĻāĻāĻāĻĒā§āĻ → āϏāĻā§°āĻā§āώāĻŖ
Important Features of Computer (āĻā§ā§°ā§āϤā§āĻŦāĻĒā§ā§°ā§āĻŖ āĻŦā§āĻļāĻŋāώā§āĻā§āϝ)
- Speed (āĻāϤāĻŋāĻļā§āϞāϤāĻž) : Works very fast (millions of calculations per second) : āĻ āϤā§āϝāύā§āϤ āĻĻā§ā§°ā§āϤ āĻāĻžāĻŽ āĻā§°ā§
- Accuracy (āϏāĻ āĻŋāĻāϤāĻž) : Gives correct results if input is correct : āϏāĻ āĻŋāĻ input āĻĻāĻŋāϞ⧠āϏāĻ āĻŋāĻ āĻĢāϞāĻžāĻĢāϞ āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§
- Storage (āϏāĻā§°āĻā§āώāĻŖ āĻā§āώāĻŽāϤāĻž) : Can store large amount of data : āĻŦāĻšā§ data āϏāĻā§°āĻā§āώāĻŖ āĻā§°āĻŋāĻŦ āĻĒāĻžā§°ā§
- Automation (āϏā§āĻŦāϝāĻŧāĻāĻā§ā§°āĻŋāϝāĻŧāϤāĻž) : Works automatically once instructions are given : āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻā§āĻļāύāĻž āĻĻāĻŋāϞ⧠āύāĻŋāĻā§ āύāĻŋāĻā§ āĻāĻžāĻŽ āĻā§°ā§
- Versatility (āĻŦāĻšā§āĻŽā§āĻā§āϤāĻž) : Can do many types of work (study, games, office, design) : āĻŦāĻšā§āĻŦāĻŋāϧ āĻāĻžāĻŽ āĻā§°āĻŋāĻŦ āĻĒāĻžā§°ā§
Parts of Computer System (āĻāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāĻāĻāĻžā§°ā§° āĻ āĻāĻļāϏāĻŽā§āĻš)
- Hardware (āĻšāĻžā§°ā§āĻĄā§ąā§ā§°) : Physical parts (keyboard, mouse, monitor, CPU). āϝāĻŋ āĻ āĻāĻļ āĻā§āĻŦ āĻĒāĻžā§°āĻŋ
- Software (āĻāĻĢā§āĻā§ąā§ā§°) : Programs that tell computer what to do : āĻāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāĻāĻāĻžā§°āĻ āĻāĻžāĻŽ āĻā§°āĻŋāĻŦāϞ⧠āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻā§āĻļ āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§
- User (āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§°āĻāĻžā§°ā§) : Person who uses the computer : āϝāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§ āĻāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāĻāĻāĻžā§° āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻā§°ā§
Uses of Computer (āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§°)
• Education : āĻļāĻŋāĻā§āώāĻž
• Banking : āĻŦā§āĻāĻāĻŋāĻ
• Communication : āϝā§āĻāĻžāϝā§āĻ
• Entertainment : āĻŦāĻŋāύā§āĻĻāύ
• Office work : āĻāĻžā§°ā§āϝāĻžāϞāϝāĻŧ āĻāĻžāĻŽ
Easy Example (āϏāĻšāĻ āĻāĻĻāĻžāĻšā§°āĻŖ)
You type numbers → Computer calculates → Shows answer (āĻāĻĒā§āύāĻŋ āϏāĻāĻā§āϝāĻž āĻāĻžāĻāĻĒ āĻā§°ā§ → āĻāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāĻāĻāĻžā§°ā§ āĻāĻŖāύāĻž āĻā§°ā§ → āĻĢāϞāĻžāĻĢāϞ āĻĻā§āĻā§ā§ąāĻžāϝāĻŧ)
Definition : A computer is an electronic device that accepts input, processes data, and produces output. (āĻāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāĻāĻāĻžā§° āĻāĻāĻž āĻāϞā§āĻā§āĻā§ā§°āύāĻŋāĻ āϝāύā§āϤā§ā§°, āϝāĻŋ input āϞ⧠process āĻā§°āĻŋ output āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§āĨ¤)
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MCQs – What is a Computer?
1) A computer is an ______ machine. āĻāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāĻāĻāĻžā§° āĻāĻāĻž ______ āϝāύā§āϤā§ā§°āĨ¤
A) Mechanical (āϝāĻžāύā§āϤā§ā§°āĻŋāĻ) | B) Electronic (āĻāϞā§āĻā§āĻā§ā§°āύāĻŋāĻ) | C) Manual | D) Natural
Ans: B) Electronic
Explanation: Computer is an electronic device.: āĻāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāĻāĻāĻžā§° āĻāĻāĻž āĻāϞā§āĻā§āĻā§ā§°āύāĻŋāĻ āϝāύā§āϤā§ā§°āĨ¤
2) Computer accepts ______. āĻāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāĻāĻāĻžā§°ā§ āĻāĻŋ āĻā§ā§°āĻšāĻŖ āĻā§°ā§ ?
A) Output | B) Data (Input) | C) Result | D) Program only
Ans: B) Data (Input)
Explanation: Computer takes input data. : āĻāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāĻāĻāĻžā§°ā§ input data āĻā§ā§°āĻšāĻŖ āĻā§°ā§āĨ¤
3) The brain of computer is – āĻāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāĻāĻāĻžā§°ā§° āĻŽāĻāĻā§ āĻā§āύāĻā§ ?
A) RAM | B) Hard Disk | C) CPU | D) Monitor
Ans: C) CPU
Explanation: CPU controls processing. : CPU āĻĒā§ā§°āĻā§ā§°āĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻā§°āĻŖ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāύā§āϤā§ā§°āĻŖ āĻā§°ā§āĨ¤
4) Which step converts input into information ? āĻā§āύ āϧāĻžāĻĒā§ inputāĻ āϤāĻĨā§āϝāϞ⧠⧰ā§āĻĒāĻžāύā§āϤ⧰ āĻā§°ā§ ?
A) Input | B) Output | C) Processing | D) Storage
Ans: C) Processing
Explanation: Processing converts data into information.: Processing dataāĻ āϤāĻĨā§āϝāϞ⧠⧰ā§āĻĒāĻžāύā§āϤ⧰ āĻā§°ā§āĨ¤
5) Which device shows output ? Output āĻĻā§āĻā§ā§ąāĻžāĻŦāϞ⧠āĻā§āύ device āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻšāϝāĻŧ ?
A) Keyboard | B) Mouse | C) Monitor | D) Scanner
Ans: C) Monitor
Explanation: Monitor displays result. : Monitor āĻĢāϞāĻžāĻĢāϞ āĻĻā§āĻā§ā§ąāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤
6) Storage is used to – Storage āĻāĻŋāĻšā§° āĻŦāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻšāϝāĻŧ ?
A) Show output | B) Input data | C) Save data | D) Process data
Ans: C) Save data
Explanation: Storage keeps data for future use. : Storage data āϏāĻā§°āĻā§āώāĻŖ āĻā§°ā§āĨ¤
7) Which is NOT a feature of computer ? āϤāϞ⧰ āĻā§āύāĻā§ āĻāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāĻāĻāĻžā§°ā§° āĻŦā§āĻļāĻŋāώā§āĻā§āϝ āύāĻšāϝāĻŧ ?
A) Speed | B) Accuracy | C) Cooking | D) Storage
Ans: C) Cooking
Explanation: Computer cannot cook. : āĻāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāĻāĻāĻžā§°ā§ ā§°āĻžāύā§āϧāĻŋāĻŦ āύā§ā§ąāĻžā§°ā§āĨ¤
8) Instructions are stored in – āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻā§āĻļāύāĻž āĻ’āϤ āϏāĻā§°āĻā§āώāĻŖ āĻšāϝāĻŧ ?
A) Monitor | B) Memory | C) Printer | D) Mouse
Ans: B) Memory
Explanation: Instructions are stored in memory. : āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻā§āĻļāύāĻž memoryāϤ āĻĨāĻžāĻā§āĨ¤
9) Which is an example of input device ? Input deviceā§° āĻāĻĻāĻžāĻšā§°āĻŖ āĻā§āύāĻā§ ?
A) Monitor | B) Printer | C) Keyboard | D) Speaker
Ans: C) Keyboard
Explanation: Keyboard is input device. : Keyboard input deviceāĨ¤
10) Which is an output device ? Output device āĻā§āύāĻā§ ?
A) Mouse | B) Scanner | C) Monitor | D) Keyboard
Ans: C) Monitor
Explanation: Monitor gives output. : Monitor output āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§āĨ¤
11) Which part includes physical components ? Physical āĻ āĻāĻļāĻŦā§ā§° āĻā§āύāĻā§āϤ āĻ āύā§āϤ⧰ā§āĻā§āĻā§āϤ ?
A) Software | B) Hardware | C) User | D) Data
Ans: B) Hardware
Explanation: Hardware means physical parts.: Hardware āĻŽāĻžāύ⧠āĻā§āĻŦ āĻĒā§°āĻž āĻ
āĻāĻļāĨ¤
12) Software is – Software āĻāĻŋ ?
A) Physical part | B) Program | C) Device | D) Machine
Ans: B) Program
Explanation: Software gives instructions. : Software āĻšā§āĻā§ āύāĻŋāϰā§āĻĻā§āĻļāύāĻžāĨ¤
13) Who uses the computer ? āĻāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāĻāĻāĻžā§° āĻā§āύ⧠āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻā§°ā§ ?
A) Hardware | B) Software | C) User | D) CPU
Ans: C) User
Explanation: User operates computer. : āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§°āĻāĻžā§°ā§āϝāĻŧā§ āĻāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāĻāĻāĻžā§° āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻā§°ā§āĨ¤
14) Correct sequence of computer working is – āĻāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāĻāĻāĻžā§°ā§° āϏāĻ āĻŋāĻ āϧāĻžāĻĒ āĻā§āύāĻā§ ?
A) Output → Input → Process B) Input → Process → Output
C) Process → Input → Output D) Input → Output → Process
Ans: B) Input → Process → Output
Explanation: This is basic flow. : āĻāĻāĻā§ āĻŽā§āϞ āĻĒā§ā§°āĻā§ā§°āĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĨ¤
15) Which feature allows computer to do many tasks ? āĻŦāĻšā§ āĻāĻžāĻŽ āĻā§°āĻŋāĻŦāϞ⧠āĻā§āύ āĻŦā§āĻļāĻŋāώā§āĻā§āϝ āϏāĻšāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻā§°ā§ ?
A) Speed | B) Storage | C) Versatility | D) Accuracy
Ans: C) Versatility
Explanation: Versatility means multi-tasking. : Versatility āĻŽāĻžāύ⧠āĻŦāĻšā§ āĻāĻžāĻŽ āĻā§°āĻŋāĻŦ āĻĒā§°āĻžāĨ¤