Glaciers : āĻšāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻžāĻš
Glaciers : A glacier is a large mass of ice that moves slowly over land. It forms when snow collects in the accumulation
zone and gradually turns into ice. The glacier then flows in a particular direction, known as the ice flow direction. As it moves, the lower part called the ablation zone starts melting. The front end of a glacier is known as the snout. There are two main types of glaciers: valley glaciers and continental glaciers. Valley glaciers flow through mountain valleys, such as the Gangotri Glacier, while continental glaciers are large ice sheets covering vast land areas, like in Antarctica.
āĻšāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻžāĻš āĻšā§āĻā§ āĻĄāĻžāĻā§° āĻŦā§°āĻĢā§° āĻĻāϞ āϝāĻŋ āĻŽāĻžāĻāĻŋā§° āĻāĻĒā§°āϤ āϞāĻžāĻšā§ āϞāĻžāĻšā§ āĻāϤāĻŋ āĻā§°ā§āĨ¤ āĻ āĻāĻ āύ āĻšāϝāĻŧ āϝā§āϤāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž accumulation zone-āϤ āĻŦā§°āĻĢ āĻāĻŽāĻž āĻšā§ āϧā§āϰ⧠āϧā§āϰ⧠āĻŦā§°āĻĢā§° āĻĻāϞāϞ⧠āĻĒā§°āĻŋāĻŖāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āϤāĻžā§° āĻĒāĻŋāĻāϤ glacier āĻāĻāĻž āύāĻŋā§°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāώā§āĻ āĻĻāĻŋāĻļāϤ āĻāϤāĻŋ āĻā§°ā§, āϝāĻžāĻ ice flow direction āĻŦā§āϞāĻŋ āĻā§ā§ąāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻāϤāĻŋ āĻā§°āĻžā§° āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧāϤ āϤāϞ⧰ āĻ
āĻāĻļ, āϝāĻžāĻ ablation zone āĻŦā§āϞāĻŋ āĻā§ā§ąāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ, āϏā§āϝāĻŧāĻž āĻāϞāĻŋāĻŦāϞ⧠āĻā§°āĻŽā§āĻ āĻā§°ā§āĨ¤ Glacier-ā§° āĻāĻā§° āĻ
āĻāĻļāĻā§āĻ snout āĻŦā§āϞāĻŋ āĻā§ā§ąāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ Glacier-ā§° āĻĻā§āĻāĻž āĻŽā§āĻā§āϝ āĻĒā§ā§°āĻāĻžā§° āĻāĻā§—valley glacier āĻā§°ā§ continental glacierāĨ¤ Valley glacier āĻĒāĻžāĻšāĻžā§°ā§° āĻāĻĒāϤā§āϝāĻāĻžā§° āĻŽāĻžāĻā§ā§°ā§ āĻŦāĻšā§, āϝā§āύ⧠Gangotri Glacier, āĻā§°ā§ continental glacier āĻĄāĻžāĻā§° āĻŦā§°āĻĢā§° āϏā§āϤ⧰ āϝāĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāϏā§āϤā§āϤ āĻā§āĻŽāĻŋ āĻĸāĻžāĻāĻŋ ā§°āĻžāĻā§, āϝā§āύ⧠Antarctica ==============================================================================
Glaciers – Short Answers
1. What is a glacier ? āĻšāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻžāĻš āĻāĻŋ ?
Ans: A glacier is a large mass of ice that moves slowly over land. : āĻšāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻžāĻš āĻšā§āĻā§ āĻĄāĻžāĻā§° āĻŦā§°āĻĢā§° āĻĻāϞ āϝāĻŋ āϞāĻžāĻšā§ āϞāĻžāĻšā§ āĻŽāĻžāĻāĻŋā§° āĻāĻĒā§°āϤ āĻāϤāĻŋ āĻā§°ā§āĨ¤
Explanation : It forms from snow over many years and moves due to gravity. : āĻŦāĻšā§ āĻŦāĻā§°ā§° āĻŦā§°āĻĢ āĻāĻŽāĻž āĻšā§ āĻāĻ āύ āĻšāϝāĻŧ āĻā§°ā§ āĻā§ā§°ā§āϤā§āĻŦāĻžāĻāϰā§āώāĻŖā§° āĻŦāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻāϤāĻŋ āĻā§°ā§āĨ¤
2. What is the accumulation zone ? Accumulation zone āĻāĻŋ ?
Ans: It is the area where snow collects and turns into ice. : āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāϤ āĻŦā§°āĻĢ āĻāĻŽāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ āĻā§°ā§ āϧā§āϰ⧠āϧā§āϰ⧠āĻŦā§°āĻĢāϞ⧠āĻĒā§°āĻŋāĻŖāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤
Explanation: Continuous snowfall adds more ice, making the glacier grow. : āϧāĻžā§°āĻžāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻŋāĻ āĻŦā§°āĻĢāĻĒāĻžāϤ⧠āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāϤ āĻŦā§°āĻĢ āĻŦāĻžāĻĸāĻŧāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻā§°ā§ āĻšāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻžāĻš āĻĄāĻžāĻā§° āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤
3. What is the ablation zone ? Ablation zone āĻāĻŋ ?
Ans: It is the area where ice melts or breaks away. : āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāϤ āĻŦā§°āĻĢ āĻāϞāĻŋ āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻŦāĻž āĻāĻžāĻāĻŋ āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤
Explanation: Melting reduces the size of the glacier in this region. : āĻāĻ āĻ
āĻāĻļāϤ āĻāϞāĻžā§° āĻŦāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻšāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻžāĻš āϏ⧰⧠āĻšā§ āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤
4. What is the snout of a glacier ? Glacier-ā§° snout āĻāĻŋ ?
Ans: The snout is the front end of a glacier. : Snout āĻšā§āĻā§ āĻšāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻžāĻšā§° āĻāĻā§° āĻ āĻāĻļāĨ¤
Explanation: It is the part where melting is most active. : āĻāĻ āĻ āĻāĻļāϤ āĻāĻāĻžāĻāϤāĻā§ āĻŦā§āĻāĻŋ āĻāϞāύ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤
Ans: The snout is the front end of a glacier. : Snout āĻšā§āĻā§ āĻšāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻžāĻšā§° āĻāĻā§° āĻ āĻāĻļāĨ¤
Explanation: It is the part where melting is most active. : āĻāĻ āĻ āĻāĻļāϤ āĻāĻāĻžāĻāϤāĻā§ āĻŦā§āĻāĻŋ āĻāϞāύ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤
5. What is ice flow direction ? Ice flow direction āĻāĻŋ ?
Ans: It is the direction in which the glacier moves. : āĻšāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻžāĻš āϝāĻŋ āĻĻāĻŋāĻļāϤ āĻāϤāĻŋ āĻā§°ā§ āϤāĻžāĻ ice flow direction āĻā§ā§ąāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤
Explanation: Glaciers move from higher to lower areas due to gravity. : āĻā§ā§°ā§āϤā§āĻŦāĻžāĻāϰā§āώāĻŖā§° āĻŦāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻšāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻžāĻš āĻāĻĒā§°ā§° āĻĒā§°āĻž āϤāϞāϞ⧠āĻāϤāĻŋ āĻā§°ā§āĨ¤
6. Name the two types of glaciers. āĻšāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻžāĻšā§° āĻĻā§āĻāĻž āĻĒā§ā§°āĻāĻžā§° āĻāĻŋ āĻāĻŋ ?
Ans: Valley glacier and Continental glacier. : Valley glacier āĻā§°ā§ Continental glacierāĨ¤
Explanation: They are classified based on their size and location. : āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ āĻāĻāĻžā§° āĻā§°ā§ āĻ
ā§ąāϏā§āĻĨāĻžāύ⧰ āĻāĻŋāϤā§āϤāĻŋāϤ āĻāĻžāĻ āĻā§°āĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤
7. What is a valley glacier ? Valley glacier āĻāĻŋ ?
Ans: A glacier that flows through mountain valleys. : āĻĒāĻžāĻšāĻžā§°ā§° āĻāĻĒāϤā§āϝāĻāĻžā§° āĻŽāĻžāĻā§ā§°ā§ āĻŦāĻšāĻž āĻšāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĨ¤
Explanation: It looks like a river of ice moving between mountains. : āĻ āĻĒāĻžāĻšāĻžā§°ā§° āĻŽāĻžāĻā§ā§°ā§ āĻŦā§ā§ąāĻž āĻŦā§°āĻĢā§° āύāĻĻā§ā§° āĻĻā§°ā§ āĻĻā§āĻāĻž āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤
8. What is a continental glacier ? Continental glacier āĻāĻŋ ?
Ans: A large ice sheet covering vast land areas. : āĻĄāĻžāĻā§° āĻāϞā§āĻāĻž āĻĸāĻāĻž āĻŦā§°āĻĢā§° āϏā§āϤ⧰āĨ¤
Explanation: It covers huge areas like continents. : āĻ āĻŽāĻšāĻžāĻĻā§āĻļāϏāĻŽā§āĻšā§° āĻĄāĻžāĻā§° āĻ
āĻāĻļ āĻĸāĻžāĻāĻŋ ā§°āĻžāĻā§āĨ¤
9. Give one example of a valley glacier.Valley glacier-ā§° āĻāĻāĻž āĻāĻĻāĻžāĻšā§°āĻŖ āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĨ¤
Ans: Gangotri Glacier
Explanation: It is a famous glacier in the Himalayas. : āĻ āĻšāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāϞāϝāĻŧāϤ āĻĨāĻāĻž āĻāĻāĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻā§āϝāĻžāϤ āĻšāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĨ¤
10. Give one example of a continental glacier.Continental glacier-ā§° āĻāĻāĻž āĻāĻĻāĻžāĻšā§°āĻŖ āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĨ¤
Ans: Antarctica
Explanation: Antarctica is covered by a massive ice sheet. : Antarctica āĻĄāĻžāĻā§° āĻŦā§°āĻĢā§° āϏā§āϤ⧰⧠āĻĸāĻāĻž āĻāĻā§āĨ¤
11. What is an ice sheet ? Ice sheet āĻāĻŋ ?
Ans: A thick layer of ice covering a large land area. : āĻĄāĻžāĻā§° āĻāϞā§āĻāĻž āĻĸāĻāĻž āĻŽā§āĻāĻž āĻŦā§°āĻĢā§° āϏā§āϤ⧰āĨ¤
Explanation: It is the largest type of glacier. : āĻāĻāĻā§ āĻāĻāĻžāĻāϤāĻā§ āĻĄāĻžāĻā§° āϧ⧰āĻŖā§° āĻšāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĨ¤
12. How does a glacier form ? āĻšāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻžāĻš āĻā§āύā§āĻā§ āĻāĻ āύ āĻšāϝāĻŧ ?
Ans: It forms when snow collects, compresses, and turns into ice. : āĻŦā§°āĻĢ āĻāĻŽāĻž āĻšā§ āĻāĻžāĻĒāϤ āĻĒā§°āĻŋ āĻŦā§°āĻĢāϞ⧠āĻĒā§°āĻŋāĻŖāϤ āĻš’āϞ⧠āĻšāĻŋāĻŽāĻŦāĻžāĻš āĻāĻ āύ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤
Explanation: Over many years, layers of snow become solid ice. : āĻŦāĻšā§ āĻŦāĻā§°āϤ āĻŦā§°āĻĢā§° āϏā§āϤ⧰āĻŦā§ā§° āĻāĻ āĻŋāύ āĻšā§ āĻŦā§°āĻĢāϤ āĻĒā§°āĻŋāĻŖāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤