Computer Terminology 2 - āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāωāϟāĻžā§° āϟāĻžā§°ā§āĻŽāĻŋāύ'āϞāϜāĻŋ 2


1. Accumulator (āĻāĻ•ā§āϝ⧁āĻŽā§āϞ⧇āϟ⧰)


An accumulator is a storage unit that stores data and results during processing. It is a type of register used to store information temporarily.


āĻāĻ•ā§āϝ⧁āĻŽā§āϞ⧇āϟ⧰ āĻšā§ˆāϛ⧇ āĻĄāĻžāϟāĻž āφ⧰⧁ āĻĢāϞāĻžāĻĢāϞ āϏāς⧰āĻ•ā§āώāĻŖ āϕ⧰āĻž āĻāϟāĻž āϝāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ā§°āĨ¤ āχ āĻāĻ• āĻĒā§ā§°āĻ•āĻžā§°ā§° ⧰⧇āϜāĻŋāĻˇā§āϟāĻžā§° āϝāĻŋ āϏāĻžāĻŽāϝāĻŧāĻŋāĻ•āĻ­āĻžā§ąā§‡ āϤāĻĨā§āϝ āϏāς⧰āĻ•ā§āώāĻŖ āϕ⧰⧇āĨ¤


2. Animation (āĻāύāĻŋāĻŽā§‡āĻļāύ)


Animation is the technique of showing many pictures rapidly in sequence to create the illusion of movement.


āĻāύāĻŋāĻŽā§‡āĻļāύ āĻšā§ˆāϛ⧇ āĻŦāĻšā§ āĻ›āĻŦāĻŋ āĻĻā§āϰ⧁āϤāĻ—āϤāĻŋāϤ āĻāϕ⧇⧰āĻžāĻšā§‡ āĻĻ⧇āĻ–ā§ā§ąāĻžāχ āĻ—āϤāĻŋāĻļā§€āϞāϤāĻžā§° āĻ…āύ⧁āĻ­ā§ą āϏ⧃āĻˇā§āϟāĻŋ āϕ⧰āĻžā§° āĻĒāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻŋāĨ¤


3. Band (āĻŦ⧇āĻŖā§āĻĄ)


Band is a unit used to measure the speed of data transmission. āĻŦ⧇āĻŖā§āĻĄ āĻšā§ˆāϛ⧇ āĻĄāĻžāϟāĻž āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧰⧰ āĻ—āϤāĻŋ āĻŽāĻžāĻĒāĻŋāĻŦāϞ⧈ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšā§ƒāϤ āĻāĻ•āĻ•āĨ¤


4. Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) (āϕ⧇āĻĨ’āĻĄ ⧰⧇ āϟāĻŋāωāĻŦ)


CRT is an electronic tube used in computer monitors and televisions to display images and information.


CRT āĻšā§ˆāϛ⧇ āĻāϟāĻž āχāϞ⧇āĻ•ā§āĻŸā§ā§°āύāĻŋāĻ• āϟāĻŋāωāĻŦ, āϝāĻŋ āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāωāϟāĻžā§° āĻŽāύāĻŋāϟ⧰ āφ⧰⧁ āĻŸā§‡āϞāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ›āύāϤ āĻ›āĻŦāĻŋ āφ⧰⧁ āϤāĻĨā§āϝ āĻĻ⧇āĻ–ā§ā§ąāĻžāĻŦāϞ⧈ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āϕ⧰āĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤


5. Corel Draw (āĻ•’⧰⧇āϞ āĻĄā§ā§°)


Corel Draw is a graphic designing software used in Desktop Publishing (DTP).


āĻ•’⧰⧇āϞ āĻĄā§ā§° āĻšā§ˆāϛ⧇ āĻāϟāĻž āĻĄāĻŋāϜāĻžāχāύ āϤ⧈āϝāĻŧāĻžā§° āϕ⧰āĻž āϏāĻĢā§āĻŸā§ąā§‡ā§°, āϝāĻŋ āĻĄā§‡āĻ¸ā§āĻ•āϟāĻĒ āĻĒāĻžāĻŦā§āϞāĻŋāĻļāĻŋāĻ‚ (DTP) āϤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āϕ⧰āĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤


6. Default (āĻĄāĻŋāĻĢāĻ˛ā§āϟ)


Default means the pre-set instructions or settings used by the computer until the user changes them.


āĻĄāĻŋāĻĢāĻ˛ā§āϟ āĻšā§ˆāϛ⧇ āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāωāϟāĻžā§°āϤ āφāĻ—āϤ⧇āχ āύāĻŋā§°ā§āϧāĻžā§°āĻŋāϤ āĻĨāĻ•āĻž āύāĻŋā§°ā§āĻĻ⧇āĻļ āĻŦāĻž āϛ⧇āϟāĻŋāĻ‚, āϝāĻŋāĻŦā§‹ā§° āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§°āĻ•āĻžā§°ā§€āϝāĻŧ⧇ āϏāϞāύāĻŋ āύāϕ⧰āĻžāϞ⧈āϕ⧇ āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§āϝāϕ⧰⧀ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇āĨ¤


7. Disk Operating System (DOS) (āĻĄāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻ• āĻ…āĻĒāĻžā§°ā§‡āϟāĻŋāĻ‚ āϚāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸā§‡āĻŽ)


Disk Operating System (DOS) is an operating system software that controls computer hardware and peripheral devices and allows other programs to run. āĻĄāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻ• āĻ…āĻĒāĻžā§°ā§‡āϟāĻŋāĻ‚ āϚāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻŸā§‡āĻŽ (DOS) āĻšā§ˆāϛ⧇ āĻāϟāĻž āĻ…āĻĒāĻžā§°ā§‡āϟāĻŋāĻ‚ āϚāĻĢā§āĻŸā§ąā§‡ā§°, āϝāĻŋ āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāωāϟāĻžā§°ā§° āĻšāĻžā§°ā§āĻĄā§ąā§‡ā§° āφ⧰⧁ āĻĒā§°āĻŋāϧ⧀āϝāĻŧ āϝāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ā§°āϏāĻŽā§‚āĻš āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ā§°āĻŖ āϕ⧰⧇ āφ⧰⧁ āφāύ āĻĒā§ā§°āĻ—ā§ā§°āĻžāĻŽ āϚāϞāĻŋāĻŦāϞ⧈ āĻ…āύ⧁āĻŽāϤāĻŋ āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇āĨ¤


8. Internet Service Provider (ISP) (āχāĻŖā§āϟāĻžā§°āύ⧇āϟ āĻ¸ā§‡ā§ąāĻž āĻĒā§ā§°āĻĻāĻžāύāĻ•āĻžā§°ā§€)


An Internet Service Provider (ISP) is an organization that provides internet access and related services to users. āχāĻŖā§āϟāĻžā§°āύ⧇āϟ āĻ¸ā§‡ā§ąāĻž āĻĒā§ā§°āĻĻāĻžāύāĻ•āĻžā§°ā§€ (ISP) āĻšā§ˆāϛ⧇ āĻāύ⧇ āĻāϟāĻž āϏāĻ‚āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻž, āϝāĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§°āĻ•āĻžā§°ā§€āĻ• āχāĻŖā§āϟāĻžā§°āύ⧇āϟ āϏāĻ‚āϝ⧋āĻ— āφ⧰⧁ āϏāĻ‚āĻļā§āϞāĻŋāĻˇā§āϟ āĻ¸ā§‡ā§ąāĻž āĻĒā§ā§°āĻĻāĻžāύ āϕ⧰⧇āĨ¤


9. Ku Band (āϕ⧁ āĻŦ⧇āĻŖā§āĻĄ)


Ku Band is a frequency range approximately between 11 GHz and 14 GHz used in satellite communication. āϕ⧁ āĻŦ⧇āĻŖā§āĻĄ āĻšā§ˆāϛ⧇ āĻĒā§ā§°āĻžāϝāĻŧ 11 GHz ā§° āĻĒā§°āĻž 14 GHz āĻĒā§°ā§āϝāĻ¨ā§āϤ āĻĨāĻ•āĻž āĻāĻ• āϧ⧰āĻŖā§° āϤ⧰āĻ‚āĻ— āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻžāĻ™ā§āĻ•, āϝāĻŋ āωāĻĒāĻ—ā§ā§°āĻš āϝ⧋āĻ—āĻžāϝ⧋āĻ—āϤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āϕ⧰āĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤


10. LOGO (āϞ⧋āĻ—ā§‹)


LOGO is a programming language mainly used for teaching computer programming to children. LOGO āĻšā§ˆāϛ⧇ āĻāϟāĻž āĻĒā§ā§°ā§‹āĻ—ā§ā§°āĻžāĻŽāĻŋāĻ‚ āĻ­āĻžāώāĻž, āϝāĻŋ āĻŽā§‚āϞāϤāσ āĻļāĻŋāĻļ⧁āϏāĻ•āϞāĻ• āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāωāϟāĻžā§° āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻž āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžā§° āĻŦāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āϕ⧰āĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤


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11. Mainframe Computer (āĻŽā§‡āχāύāĻĢā§ā§°ā§‡āĻŽ āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāωāϟāĻžā§°)


A mainframe computer is a large computer used for processing huge amounts of data. Many users can work on it at the same time. āĻŽā§‡āχāύāĻĢā§ā§°ā§‡āĻŽ āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāωāϟāĻžā§° āĻšā§ˆāϛ⧇ āĻŦ⧃āĻšā§Ž āĻĒā§°āĻŋāĻŽāĻžāĻŖā§° āĻĄāĻžāϟāĻž āĻĒā§ā§°āĻ•ā§ā§°āĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāϕ⧰āĻŖā§° āĻŦāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšā§ƒāϤ āĻļāĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāĻļāĻžāϞ⧀ āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāωāϟāĻžā§°āĨ¤ āχāϝāĻŧāĻžāϤ āĻāϕ⧇ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧāϤ⧇ āĻŦāĻšā§ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§°āĻ•āĻžā§°ā§€āϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻ•āĻžāĻŽ āϕ⧰āĻŋāĻŦ āĻĒāĻžā§°ā§‡āĨ¤


12. Palette (āĻĒ⧇āϞ⧇āϟ)


Palette is a collection of colors available in drawing or graphic software. āĻĒ⧇āϞ⧇āϟ āĻšā§ˆāϛ⧇ āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāωāϟāĻžā§°ā§° āφāρāĻ•āĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻ—ā§ā§°āĻžāĻĢāĻŋāĻ•ā§āϏ āϚāĻĢā§āĻŸā§ąā§‡ā§°āϤ āĻĨāĻ•āĻž ā§°āϙ⧰ āϏāĻŽāĻˇā§āϟāĻŋāĨ¤


13. Pixel (āĻĒāĻŋāĻ•ā§āϏ⧇āϞ)


A pixel is the smallest unit used to display images or graphics on a computer screen. āĻĒāĻŋāĻ•ā§āϏ⧇āϞ āĻšā§ˆāϛ⧇ āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāωāϟāĻžā§° āĻ¸ā§āĻ•ā§ā§°āĻŋāύāϤ āĻ›āĻŦāĻŋ āĻŦāĻž āĻ—ā§ā§°āĻžāĻĢāĻŋāĻ•ā§āϏ āĻĻ⧇āĻ–ā§ā§ąāĻžāĻŦāϞ⧈ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšā§ƒāϤ āφāϟāĻžāχāϤāĻ•ā§ˆ āϏ⧰⧁ āĻāĻ•āĻ•āĨ¤


14. Pocket PC (āĻĒāϕ⧇āϟ āĻĒāĻŋāϚāĻŋ)


A Pocket PC is a small handheld computer also known as a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA). It is used for personal purposes. āĻĒāϕ⧇āϟ āĻĒāĻŋāϚāĻŋ āĻšā§ˆāϛ⧇ āĻāϟāĻž āϏ⧰⧁ āĻšāĻžāϤ⧇ āϧ⧰āĻž āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāωāϟāĻžā§°, āϝāĻžāĻ• Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) āĻŦ⧁āϞāĻŋāĻ“ āĻ•ā§‹ā§ąāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āχ āĻŦā§āϝāĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāĻ—āϤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§°ā§° āĻŦāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āϕ⧰āĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤


15. Star Topology (āĻˇā§āϟāĻžā§° āϟāĻĒ’āϞāϜāĻŋ)


Star topology is a network arrangement in which all nodes are connected to a central hub or host computer. āĻˇā§āϟāĻžā§° āϟāĻĒ’āϞāϜāĻŋ āĻšā§ˆāϛ⧇ āĻāύ⧇ āĻāϟāĻž āύ⧇āĻŸā§ąā§°ā§āĻ• āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻž āϝ’āϤ āϏāĻ•āϞ⧋ āύ⧋āĻĄ āĻāϟāĻž āϕ⧇āĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§ā§°ā§€āϝāĻŧ āĻšāĻžāĻŦ āĻŦāĻž āĻšā§‹āĻˇā§āϟ āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāωāϟāĻžā§°ā§° āϏ⧈āϤ⧇ āϏāĻ‚āϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇āĨ¤


16. Swapping (āĻ¸ā§āĻŦ⧇āĻĒāĻŋāĻ‚)


Swapping is the process of storing data and programs temporarily on disk memory and transferring them back to main memory when required. āĻ¸ā§āĻŦ⧇āĻĒāĻŋāĻ‚ āĻšā§ˆāϛ⧇ āĻĄāĻžāϟāĻž āφ⧰⧁ āĻĒā§ā§°āĻ—ā§ā§°āĻžāĻŽ āϏāĻžāĻŽāϝāĻŧāĻŋāĻ•āĻ­āĻžā§ąā§‡ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻ•āϤ āϏāς⧰āĻ•ā§āώāĻŖ āϕ⧰āĻŋ āĻĒā§ā§°āϝāĻŧā§‹āϜāύ āĻ…āύ⧁āϏ⧰āĻŋ āĻĒ⧁āύ⧰ āĻŽā§‚āϞ āĻŽā§‡āĻŽā§°āĻŋāϞ⧈ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧰ āϕ⧰āĻžā§° āĻĒā§ā§°āĻ•ā§ā§°āĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĨ¤


17. Transponder (āĻŸā§ā§°āĻžāĻ¨ā§āϏāĻĒāĻŖā§āĻĄāĻžā§°)


A transponder is a device that receives, amplifies, and retransmits radio signals. It is used in communication satellites. āĻŸā§ā§°āĻžāĻ¨ā§āϏāĻĒāĻŖā§āĻĄāĻžā§° āĻšā§ˆāϛ⧇ āĻāύ⧇ āĻāϟāĻž āϝāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ā§° āϝāĻŋ ⧰⧇āĻĄāĻŋāĻ…’ āϏāĻ‚āϕ⧇āϤ āĻ—ā§ā§°āĻšāĻŖ, āĻļāĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāĻļāĻžāϞ⧀ āφ⧰⧁ āĻĒ⧁āύ⧰ āĻĒā§ā§°ā§‡ā§°āĻŖ āϕ⧰⧇āĨ¤ āχāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ• āϝ⧋āĻ—āĻžāϝ⧋āĻ— āωāĻĒāĻ—ā§ā§°āĻšāϤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āϕ⧰āĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤


18. Video Display Terminal (VDT) (āĻ­āĻŋāĻĄāĻŋāĻ…’ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ›āĻĒā§āϞ⧇ āϟāĻžā§°ā§āĻŽāĻŋāύ⧇āϞ)


A Video Display Terminal is a computer terminal that uses a keyboard for input and a monitor for output. āĻ­āĻŋāĻĄāĻŋāĻ…’ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ›āĻĒā§āϞ⧇ āϟāĻžā§°ā§āĻŽāĻŋāύ⧇āϞ āĻšā§ˆāϛ⧇ āĻāϟāĻž āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāωāϟāĻžā§° āϟāĻžā§°ā§āĻŽāĻŋāύ⧇āϞ, āϝ’āϤ āχāύāĻĒ⧁āϟ⧰ āĻŦāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āϕ⧀āĻŦ’ā§°ā§āĻĄ āφ⧰⧁ āφāωāϟāĻĒ⧁āϟ⧰ āĻŦāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻŽāύāĻŋāϟ⧰ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āϕ⧰āĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤


19. Pen Drive (āĻĒ⧇āύ āĻĄā§ā§°āĻžāχāĻ­)


A pen drive is a pen-shaped electronic memory device used for storing and transferring data through a USB port. āĻĒ⧇āύ āĻĄā§ā§°āĻžāχāĻ­ āĻšā§ˆāϛ⧇ āĻĒ⧇āύ⧰ āφāĻ•ā§ƒāϤāĻŋā§° āĻāϟāĻž āχāϞ⧇āĻ•ā§āĻŸā§ā§°āύāĻŋāĻ• āĻŽā§‡āĻŽā§°āĻŋ āϝāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ā§°, āϝāĻŋ USB āĻĒ’ā§°ā§āϟ⧰ āϏāĻšāĻžāϝāĻŧāϤ āĻĄāĻžāϟāĻž āϏāς⧰āĻ•ā§āώāĻŖ āφ⧰⧁ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧰⧰ āĻŦāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āϕ⧰āĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤


20. DNA Computer (āĻĄāĻŋ.āĻāύ.āĻ āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāωāϟāĻžā§°)


A DNA computer, also called a Bio Computer, uses biological materials such as DNA and proteins for data storage and processing. āĻĄāĻŋ.āĻāύ.āĻ āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāωāϟāĻžā§°āĻ• Bio Computer āĻŦ⧁āϞāĻŋāĻ“ āĻ•ā§‹ā§ąāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āχāϝāĻŧāĻžāϤ āĻĄāĻžāϟāĻž āϏāς⧰āĻ•ā§āώāĻŖ āφ⧰⧁ āĻĒā§ā§°āĻ•ā§ā§°āĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāϕ⧰āĻŖā§° āĻŦāĻžāĻŦ⧇ DNA āφ⧰⧁ āĻĒā§ā§°ā§‹āϟāĻŋāύ āφāĻĻāĻŋ āĻœā§ˆā§ą āĻĒāĻĻāĻžā§°ā§āĻĨ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āϕ⧰āĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤


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21. Palmtop (āĻĒāĻžāĻŽāϟāĻĒ)


A palmtop is a very small handheld computer. It can take voice input and is also used like a phone. āĻĒāĻžāĻŽāϟāĻĒ āĻšā§ˆāϛ⧇ āĻšāĻžāϤāϤ āϧ⧰āĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āϕ⧰āĻŋāĻŦ āĻĒā§°āĻž āĻ…āϤāĻŋ āϏ⧰⧁ āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāωāϟāĻžā§°āĨ¤ āχāϝāĻŧāĻžāϤ āĻ•āĻŖā§āĻ āĻ¸ā§āĻŦā§°ā§° āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽā§‡ āχāύāĻĒ⧁āϟ āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ āφ⧰⧁ āĻĢā§‹āύ āĻšāĻŋāϚāĻžāĻĒ⧇āĻ“ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āϕ⧰āĻŋāĻŦ āĻĒāĻžā§°āĻŋāĨ¤


22. BIOS (Basic Input Output System) (āĻŦāĻžāϝāĻŧ’āĻ›)


BIOS is a software program that starts first when the computer is turned on. It checks all hardware components through a process called POST (Power On Self Test).


BIOS āĻšā§ˆāϛ⧇ āĻāϟāĻž āϚāĻĢā§āĻŸā§ąā§‡ā§° āĻĒā§ā§°āĻ—ā§ā§°āĻžāĻŽ āϝāĻŋ āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāωāϟāĻžā§° āĻ…āύ āϕ⧰āĻžā§° āĻĒāĻŋāĻ›āϤ āĻ¸ā§°ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§ā§°āĻĨāĻŽ āϚāϞāĻŋ āωāϠ⧇āĨ¤ āχ POST (Power On Self Test) āĻĒā§ā§°āĻ•ā§ā§°āĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžā§° āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽā§‡ āϏāĻ•āϞ⧋ āĻšāĻžā§°ā§āĻĄā§ąā§‡ā§° āĻĒā§°ā§€āĻ•ā§āώāĻž āϕ⧰⧇āĨ¤


23. Throughput (āĻĨā§ā§°ā§āĻĒ⧁āϟ)


Throughput is the amount of useful processing completed by a computer in a unit of time. āĻĨā§ā§°ā§āĻĒ⧁āϟ āĻšā§ˆāϛ⧇ āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāωāϟāĻžā§°ā§‡ āύāĻŋā§°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āϟ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧāϤ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ¨ā§āύ āϕ⧰āĻž āωāĻĒāϝ⧋āĻ—ā§€ āĻĒā§ā§°āĻ•ā§ā§°āĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāϕ⧰āĻŖā§° āĻĒā§°āĻŋāĻŽāĻžāĻŖāĨ¤


24. Joystick (āϜāϝāĻŧāĻˇā§āϟāĻŋāĻ•)


A joystick is a pointing device similar to a trackball. It is used in simulator training, robot control, and video games. āϜāϝāĻŧāĻˇā§āϟāĻŋāĻ• āĻšā§ˆāϛ⧇ āĻŸā§ā§°ā§‡āĻ•āĻŦāϞ⧰ āĻĻ⧰⧇ āĻ•āĻžāĻŽ āϕ⧰āĻž āĻāϟāĻž āĻĒāχāĻŖā§āϟāĻŋāĻ‚ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ­āĻžāχāϚāĨ¤ āχāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ• āĻ›āĻŋāĻŽā§āϞ⧇āϟ⧰ āĻĒā§ā§°āĻļāĻŋāĻ•ā§āώāĻŖ, ā§°ā§‹āĻŦāϟ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ā§°āĻŖ āφ⧰⧁ āĻ­āĻŋāĻĄāĻŋāĻ…’ āϗ⧇āĻŽāϤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āϕ⧰āĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤


25. Refresh Rate (ā§°āĻŋāĻĢā§ā§°ā§‡āĻļ ⧰⧇āϟ)


Refresh rate is the number of times a monitor refreshes its display in one second. Its unit is Hertz (Hz). A higher refresh rate improves display quality. ā§°āĻŋāĻĢā§ā§°ā§‡āĻļ ⧰⧇āϟ āĻšā§ˆāϛ⧇ āĻŽāύāĻŋāĻŸā§°ā§‡ āĻāĻ• āϛ⧇āϕ⧇āĻŖā§āĻĄāϤ āĻ•āĻŋāĻŽāĻžāύāĻŦāĻžā§° āĻ¸ā§āĻ•ā§ā§°āĻŋāύ āύāϤ⧁āύāĻ•ā§ˆ āĻĒā§ā§°āĻĻā§°ā§āĻļāύ āϕ⧰⧇ āϤāĻžā§° āĻĒā§°āĻŋāĻŽāĻžāĻŖāĨ¤ āχāϝāĻŧāĻžā§° āĻāĻ•āĻ• Hertz (Hz)āĨ¤ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ• ā§°āĻŋāĻĢā§ā§°ā§‡āĻļ ⧰⧇āϟ āĻšāϞ⧇ āĻŽāύāĻŋāϟ⧰⧰ āϗ⧁āĻŖāĻ—āϤ āĻŽāĻžāύ āĻŦ⧃āĻĻā§āϧāĻŋ āĻĒāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤


26. Dot Pitch (āĻĄāϟ āĻĒāĻŋāϚ)


The images, graphics, and text displayed on a monitor are made up of tiny bright dots called pixels. The closer these dots are, the clearer and better the image appears.


āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāωāϟāĻžā§° āĻŽāύāĻŋāϟ⧰āϤ āĻĻ⧇āĻ–āĻž āĻ›āĻŦāĻŋ, āĻ—ā§ā§°āĻžāĻĢ āφ⧰⧁ āϤāĻĨā§āϝ āϏ⧰⧁ āϏ⧰⧁ āωāĻœā§āĻœā§āĻŦāϞ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻĻ⧁⧰⧇ āĻ—āĻ āĻŋāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ, āϝāĻžāĻ• āĻĒāĻŋāĻ•ā§āϏ⧇āϞ āĻŦāĻž āĻĄāϟ āĻŦā§‹āϞāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻāχ āĻĄāϟāĻŦā§‹ā§° āϝāϤ āϘāύ āφ⧰⧁ āĻ“āϚ⧰-āĻ“āϚ⧰ āĻšāϝāĻŧ, āĻ›āĻŦāĻŋ āϤāϤ āĻ¸ā§āĻĒāĻˇā§āϟ āĻĻ⧇āĻ–āĻž āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤


27. Plotter (āĻĒā§āϞāϟāĻžā§°)


A plotter is an output device similar to a printer. It is used to print high-quality large drawings, maps, and engineering designs. āĻĒā§āϞāϟāĻžā§° āĻšā§ˆāϛ⧇ āĻĒā§ā§°āĻŋāĻŖā§āϟāĻžā§°ā§° āĻĻ⧰⧇ āĻāϟāĻž āφāωāϟāĻĒ⧁āϟ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ­āĻžāχāϚāĨ¤ āχāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ• āωāĻšā§āϚ āϗ⧁āĻŖāĻ—āϤ āĻŽāĻžāύ⧰ āĻĄāĻžāϙ⧰ āφāĻ•āĻžā§°ā§° āύāĻ•ā§āϏāĻž, āĻŽāĻžāύāϚāĻŋāĻ¤ā§ā§° āφ⧰⧁ āχāĻžā§āϜāĻŋāύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžā§°āĻŋāĻ‚ āĻĄāĻŋāϜāĻžāχāύ āĻ›āĻĒāĻžāĻŦāϞ⧈ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āϕ⧰āĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤


28. Speech Synthesizer (āĻ¸ā§āĻĒā§€āϚ āϏāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻĨ⧇āĻ›āĻžāχāϜāĻžā§°)


A speech synthesizer converts written text into spoken sound and can also help in language translation. āĻ¸ā§āĻĒā§€āϚ āϏāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻĨ⧇āĻ›āĻžāχāϜāĻžā§° āĻšā§ˆāϛ⧇ āĻāύ⧇ āĻāϟāĻž āϝāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ā§° āϝāĻŋ āϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻŋāϤ āϤāĻĨā§āϝāĻ• āĻ§ā§āĻŦāύāĻŋāϤ āĻĒā§°āĻŋāĻŖāϤ āϕ⧰⧇ āφ⧰⧁ āĻ­āĻžāώāĻž āĻ…āύ⧁āĻŦāĻžāĻĻāϤ⧋ āϏāĻšāĻžāϝāĻŧ āϕ⧰⧇āĨ¤






29. EEPROM


EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory) is used as secondary memory and is also called flash memory. Old programs can be erased and new programs can be written without removing the chip from the circuit. A common example is a pen drive.


EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory) āĻŦā§°ā§āϤāĻŽāĻžāύ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧāϤ āϏāĻšāĻžāϝāĻŧāĻ• āĻŽā§‡āĻŽā§°āĻŋ āĻšāĻŋāϚāĻžāĻĒ⧇ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āϕ⧰āĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ āφ⧰⧁ āχāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ• āĻĢā§āϞ⧇āĻļ āĻŽā§‡āĻŽā§°āĻŋāĻ“ āĻ•ā§‹ā§ąāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āχāϝāĻŧāĻžāϤ āϚāĻžā§°ā§āĻ•āĻŋāϟ⧰ āĻĒā§°āĻž āϚāĻŋāĻĒ āύ⧋āĻ–ā§‹ā§ąāĻžāĻ•ā§ˆ āĻĒ⧁⧰āĻŖāĻŋ āĻĒā§ā§°āĻ—ā§ā§°āĻžāĻŽ āĻŽāϚāĻŋ āύāϤ⧁āύ āĻĒā§ā§°āĻ—ā§ā§°āĻžāĻŽ āϏāς⧰āĻ•ā§āώāĻŖ āϕ⧰āĻŋāĻŦ āĻĒāĻžā§°āĻŋāĨ¤ āĻĒ⧇āύ āĻĄā§ā§°āĻžāχāĻ­ āχāϝāĻŧāĻžā§° āĻāϟāĻž āϏāĻžāϧāĻžā§°āĻŖ āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšā§°āĻŖāĨ¤


30. Cache Memory (āϕ⧇āĻļ āĻŽā§‡āĻŽā§°āĻŋ)

Cache memory is used to increase the speed of data access from memory. It works as a very fast memory between the CPU and primary memory. Its size is generally between 256 KB and 4 MB.


āϕ⧇āĻļ āĻŽā§‡āĻŽā§°āĻŋ āĻĄāĻžāϟāĻž āĻĒā§ā§°āĻžāĻĒā§āϤāĻŋā§° āĻ—āϤāĻŋ āĻŦ⧃āĻĻā§āϧāĻŋ āϕ⧰āĻŋāĻŦāϞ⧈ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āϕ⧰āĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āχ CPU āφ⧰⧁ āĻĒā§ā§°āĻžāĻĨāĻŽāĻŋāĻ• āĻŽā§‡āĻŽā§°āĻŋā§° āĻŽāĻžāϜāϤ āĻ…āϤāĻŋ āĻĻā§āϰ⧁āϤ āĻŽā§‡āĻŽā§°āĻŋ āĻšāĻŋāϚāĻžāĻĒ⧇ āĻ•āĻžāĻŽ āϕ⧰⧇āĨ¤ āϏāĻžāϧāĻžā§°āĻŖāϤ⧇ āχāϝāĻŧāĻžā§° āφāĻ•āĻžā§° 256 KB ā§° āĻĒā§°āĻž 4 MB āϞ⧈ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤


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31. Optical Disk (āĻ…āĻĒā§āϟāĻŋāϕ⧇āϞ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻ•)

An optical disk uses laser beams to read and write data, so it is also called a laser disk. It is a circular disk made of polycarbonate plastic with a thin reflective aluminum layer.


āĻ…āĻĒā§āϟāĻŋāϕ⧇āϞ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻ•āϤ āĻĄāĻžāϟāĻž āϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻž āφ⧰⧁ āĻĒāĻĸāĻŧāĻžā§° āĻŦāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āϞ⧇āϜāĻžā§° ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āϕ⧰āĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ, āϏ⧇āϝāĻŧ⧇āĻšā§‡ āχāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ• āϞ⧇āϜāĻžā§° āĻĄāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āϕ⧋ āĻ•ā§‹ā§ąāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āχ āĻĒāϞāĻŋāĻ•āĻžā§°ā§āĻŦāύ⧇āϟ āĻĒā§āϞāĻžāĻˇā§āϟāĻŋāϕ⧰⧇ āύāĻŋā§°ā§āĻŽāĻŋāϤ āĻāϟāĻž āĻ—ā§‹āϞāĻžāĻ•āĻžā§° āĻĄāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻ•āĨ¤


32. Blu-ray Disc (āĻŦā§āϞ⧁-⧰⧇ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻ•)

Blu-ray disc uses blue-violet laser rays and has a very high storage capacity. It is widely used for multimedia storage and looks similar to a CD or DVD.


āĻŦā§āϞ⧁-⧰⧇ āĻĄāĻŋāĻ¸ā§āĻ•āϤ āĻŦā§āϞ⧁-āĻ­āĻžāϝāĻŧā§‹āϞ⧇āϟ āϞ⧇āϜāĻžā§° ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āϕ⧰āĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ āφ⧰⧁ āχāϝāĻŧāĻžā§° āϏāς⧰āĻ•ā§āώāĻŖ āĻ•ā§āώāĻŽāϤāĻž āĻŦāĻšā§āϤ āĻŦ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤ āχ āĻŽāĻžāĻ˛ā§āϟāĻŋāĻŽāĻŋāĻĄāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āϏāς⧰āĻ•ā§āώāĻŖā§° āĻŦāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻŦāĻšā§āϞāĻ­āĻžā§ąā§‡ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āϕ⧰āĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ āφ⧰⧁ āφāĻ•āĻžā§°āϤ CD āĻŦāĻž DVD ā§° āĻĻ⧰⧇āĨ¤


33. Spooling (āĻ¸ā§āĻĒ⧁āϞāĻŋāĻ‚)


Spooling is the process of sending a document to a high-speed print buffer before printing. āĻ¸ā§āĻĒ⧁āϞāĻŋāĻ‚ āĻšā§ˆāϛ⧇ āĻĒā§ā§°āĻŋāĻŖā§āϟ āϕ⧰āĻžā§° āφāĻ—āϤ⧇ āϕ⧋āύ⧋ āĻĄāϕ⧁āĻŽā§‡āĻ¨ā§āϟāĻ• āωāĻšā§āϚ āĻ—āϤāĻŋ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ¨ā§āύ āĻĒā§ā§°āĻŋāĻŖā§āϟ āĻŦāĻžāĻĢāĻžā§°āϤ āĻĒāĻ ā§‹ā§ąāĻžā§° āĻĒā§ā§°āĻ•ā§ā§°āĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĨ¤


34. Buffer (āĻŦāĻžāĻĢāĻžā§°)

A buffer is used when there is a difference in data transfer speed between two devices. It temporarily stores data during transfer. āĻŦāĻžāĻĢāĻžā§° āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āϕ⧰āĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ āϝ⧇āϤāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻĻ⧁āϟāĻž āϝāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ā§°ā§° āĻŽāĻžāϜāϤ āĻĄāĻžāϟāĻž āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧰⧰ āĻ—āϤāĻŋ āĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āχ āϏāĻžāĻŽāϝāĻŧāĻŋāĻ•āĻ­āĻžā§ąā§‡ āĻĄāĻžāϟāĻž āϏāς⧰āĻ•ā§āώāĻŖ āϕ⧰⧇āĨ¤


35. Boolean Algebra (āĻŦ⧁āϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāύ āĻāϞāĻœā§‡āĻŦā§ā§°āĻž)

Boolean algebra is a mathematical system that uses only two values: 0 and 1. It is used in binary number systems and computer logic. āĻŦ⧁āϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāύ āĻāϞāĻœā§‡āĻŦā§ā§°āĻž āĻšā§ˆāϛ⧇ āĻāύ⧇ āĻāϟāĻž āĻ—āĻŖāĻŋāϤ āĻĒāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻŋ āϝ’āϤ āĻ•ā§‡ā§ąāϞ 0 āφ⧰⧁ 1 āĻāχ āĻĻ⧁āϟāĻž āĻŽāĻžāύ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āϕ⧰āĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āχ āĻŦāĻžāχāύāĻžā§°ā§€ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻž āĻĒāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻŋ āφ⧰⧁ āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāωāϟāĻžā§° āϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāϤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āϕ⧰āĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤


36. Shareware (āĻļā§āĻŦ⧇āϝāĻŧāĻžā§°ā§ąā§‡ā§°)

Shareware is software that can be used free of cost for a limited period of time. āĻļā§āĻŦ⧇āϝāĻŧāĻžā§°ā§ąā§‡ā§° āĻšā§ˆāϛ⧇ āĻāύ⧇ āĻāϟāĻž āϚāĻĢā§āĻŸā§ąā§‡ā§° āϝāĻžāĻ• āύāĻŋā§°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āϟ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧāϞ⧈ āĻŦāĻŋāύāĻžāĻŽā§‚āϞ⧀āϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ•ā§ˆ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āϕ⧰āĻŋāĻŦ āĻĒāĻžā§°āĻŋāĨ¤

 

37. Firmware (āĻĢāĻžā§°ā§āĻŽā§ąā§‡ā§°)

Firmware is software built into hardware devices to control their functions and reduce hardware complexity. āĻĢāĻžā§°ā§āĻŽā§ąā§‡ā§° āĻšā§ˆāϛ⧇ āĻāύ⧇ āϚāĻĢā§āĻŸā§ąā§‡ā§° āϝāĻŋ āĻšāĻžā§°ā§āĻĄā§ąā§‡ā§°ā§° āĻ­āĻŋāϤ⧰āϤ āϏāĻ‚āϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇ āφ⧰⧁ āχāϝāĻŧāĻžā§° āĻ•āĻžāĻ°ā§āϝ āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ā§°āĻŖ āϕ⧰⧇āĨ¤


38. Character (āϕ⧇⧰⧇āĻ•ā§āϟāĻžā§°)

A character is the smallest unit of information that a human can understand. One character is generally represented by 8 bits or 1 byte. āϕ⧇⧰⧇āĻ•ā§āϟāĻžā§° āĻšā§ˆāϛ⧇ āϤāĻĨā§āϝ⧰ āφāϟāĻžāχāϤāĻ•ā§ˆ āϏ⧰⧁ āĻāĻ•āĻ• āϝāĻžāĻ• āĻŽāĻžāύ⧁āĻšā§‡ āĻŦ⧁āϜāĻŋāĻŦ āĻĒāĻžā§°ā§‡āĨ¤ āϏāĻžāϧāĻžā§°āĻŖāϤ⧇ āĻāϟāĻž āϕ⧇⧰⧇āĻ•ā§āϟāĻžā§° 8 āĻŦāĻŋāϟ āĻŦāĻž 1 āĻŦāĻžāχāĻŸā§°ā§‡ āĻĒā§ā§°āĻ•āĻžāĻļ āϕ⧰āĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤


39. Bandwidth (āĻŦ⧇āĻŖā§āĻĄāωāχāĻĄāĻĨ)


Bandwidth is the information-carrying capacity of a communication medium. It is the difference between the highest and lowest frequencies available in the medium. For analog signals, bandwidth is measured in Hertz (Hz). Higher bandwidth increases data transmission speed.


āĻŦ⧇āĻŖā§āĻĄāωāχāĻĄāĻĨ āĻšā§ˆāϛ⧇ āϝ⧋āĻ—āĻžāϝ⧋āĻ— āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽā§° āϤāĻĨā§āϝ āĻŦāĻšāύ āϕ⧰āĻžā§° āĻ•ā§āώāĻŽāϤāĻžāĨ¤ āχ āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽāϤ āωāĻĒāϞāĻŦā§āϧ āĻ¸ā§°ā§āĻŦā§‹āĻšā§āϚ āφ⧰⧁ āĻ¸ā§°ā§āĻŦāύāĻŋāĻŽā§āύ āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻžāĻ™ā§āϕ⧰ āĻĒāĻžā§°ā§āĻĨāĻ•ā§āϝāĨ¤ āĻāύāĻžāϞāĻ— āϏāĻ‚āϕ⧇āϤ⧰ āĻŦāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āχāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ• Hertz (Hz) āϤ āĻŽāĻžāĻĒāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ• āĻŦ⧇āĻŖā§āĻĄāωāχāĻĄāĻĨ āĻšāϞ⧇ āĻĄāĻžāϟāĻž āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧰⧰ āĻ—āϤāĻŋ āĻŦ⧃āĻĻā§āϧāĻŋ āĻĒāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤


40. Broadband (āĻŦā§ā§°āĻĄāĻŦ⧇āĻŖā§āĻĄ)

Broadband is a communication medium with large bandwidth for high-speed data transfer. In India, TRAI defines broadband as internet communication with speed more than 512 Kbps.


āĻŦā§ā§°āĻĄāĻŦ⧇āĻŖā§āĻĄ āĻšā§ˆāϛ⧇ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ• āĻŦ⧇āĻŖā§āĻĄāωāχāĻĄāĻĨ āĻĨāĻ•āĻž āϝ⧋āĻ—āĻžāϝ⧋āĻ— āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽ, āϝāĻŋ āωāĻšā§āϚ āĻ—āϤāĻŋāϤ āĻĄāĻžāϟāĻž āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧰ āϕ⧰⧇āĨ¤ āĻ­āĻžā§°āϤāϤ TRAI āĻ…āύ⧁āϏ⧰āĻŋ 512 Kbps āϤāĻ•ā§ˆ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ• āĻ—āϤāĻŋāϏāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻ¨ā§āύ āϏāĻ‚āϝ⧋āĻ—āĻ• āĻŦā§ā§°āĻĄāĻŦ⧇āĻŖā§āĻĄ āĻŦā§‹āϞāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤


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41. Microwave (āĻŽāĻžāχāĻ•ā§ā§°’ā§ąā§‡āĻ­)

Microwave communication uses electromagnetic waves of very high frequency for transmitting signals. āĻŽāĻžāχāĻ•ā§ā§°’ā§ąā§‡āĻ­ āϝ⧋āĻ—āĻžāϝ⧋āĻ—āϤ āĻ…āϤāĻŋ āωāĻšā§āϚ āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻžāĻ™ā§āϕ⧰ āĻŦ⧈āĻĻā§āϝ⧁āϤāĻŋāĻ•-āϚ⧁āĻŽā§āĻŦāϕ⧀āϝāĻŧ āϤ⧰āĻ‚āĻ— āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āϕ⧰āĻŋ āϏāĻ‚āϕ⧇āϤ āĻĒā§ā§°ā§‡ā§°āĻŖ āϕ⧰āĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤


42. Baseband (āĻŦ⧇āĻ› āĻŦ⧇āĻŖā§āĻĄ)

Baseband is a communication medium that works with low bandwidth. It is also known as narrowband. āĻŦ⧇āĻ› āĻŦ⧇āĻŖā§āĻĄ āĻšā§ˆāϛ⧇ āĻ•āĻŽ āĻŦ⧇āĻŖā§āĻĄāωāχāĻĄāĻĨāϤ āĻ•āĻžāĻŽ āϕ⧰āĻž āϝ⧋āĻ—āĻžāϝ⧋āĻ— āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽāĨ¤ āχāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ• Narrowband āĻŦ⧁āϞāĻŋāĻ“ āĻ•ā§‹ā§ąāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤


43. Ethernet Cable (āχāĻĨāĻžā§°āύ⧇āϟ āϕ⧇āĻŦāϞ)

Ethernet cable is used to connect computers, routers, and modems in a Local Area Network (LAN). It uses Ethernet protocol for communication.


āχāĻĨāĻžā§°āύ⧇āϟ āϕ⧇āĻŦāϞ āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāωāϟāĻžā§°, ā§°āĻžāωāϟāĻžā§° āφ⧰⧁ āĻŽāĻĄā§‡āĻŽ āϏāĻ‚āϝ⧋āĻ— āϕ⧰āĻŋ Local Area Network (LAN) āϤ⧈āϝāĻŧāĻžā§° āϕ⧰āĻŋāĻŦāϞ⧈ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āϕ⧰āĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āχāϝāĻŧāĻžāϤ Ethernet protocol āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āϕ⧰āĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤










44. ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network) (āφāχ.āĻāĻ›.āĻĄāĻŋ.āĻāύ.)


ISDN is an advanced form of telephone line used for digital data transfer. It transfers data in digital form and does not require a modem. ISDN āĻšā§ˆāϛ⧇ āĻĄāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧇āϞ-āφāĻĒ āϞāĻžāχāύ⧰ āωāĻ¨ā§āύāϤ ā§°ā§‚āĻĒāĨ¤ āχāϝāĻŧāĻžāϤ āĻĄāĻžāϟāĻž āĻĄāĻŋāϜāĻŋāĻŸā§‡āϞ ā§°ā§‚āĻĒāϤ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧰ āĻšāϝāĻŧ āφ⧰⧁ āĻŽāĻĄā§‡āĻŽā§° āĻĒā§ā§°āϝāĻŧā§‹āϜāύ āύāĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤


45. GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication) (āϜāĻŋ.āĻāĻ›.āĻāĻŽ.)

GSM is the most widely used standard for mobile phone communication. It was developed by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute for second-generation (2G) digital cellular networks and provides international roaming facilities.


GSM āĻšā§ˆāϛ⧇ āĻŽā§‹āĻŦāĻžāχāϞ āĻĢā§‹āύ āϝ⧋āĻ—āĻžāϝ⧋āĻ—ā§° āφāϟāĻžāχāϤāĻ•ā§ˆ āϜāύāĻĒā§ā§°āĻŋāϝāĻŧ āĻŽāĻžāύāĻ•āĨ¤ āχāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ• European Telecommunications Standards Institute āĻ 2G āĻĄāĻŋāϜāĻŋāĻŸā§‡āϞ āĻšā§‡āϞ⧁āϞāĻžā§° āύ⧇āĻŸā§ąā§°ā§āϕ⧰ āĻŦāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āωāĻ¨ā§āύāϝāĻŧāύ āϕ⧰āĻŋāĻ›āĻŋāϞāĨ¤ āχāϝāĻŧāĻžāϤ āφāĻ¨ā§āϤāσ⧰āĻžāĻˇā§āĻŸā§ā§°ā§€āϝāĻŧ roaming āϏ⧁āĻŦāĻŋāϧāĻž āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇āĨ¤


46. CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access) (āϚāĻŋ.āĻĄāĻŋ.āĻāĻŽ.āĻ.)

CDMA is a technology mainly used in mobile phone communication. It is associated with third-generation (3G) communication standards. CDMA āĻšā§ˆāϛ⧇ āĻŽā§‹āĻŦāĻžāχāϞ āĻĢā§‹āύ āϝ⧋āĻ—āĻžāϝ⧋āĻ—āϤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšā§ƒāϤ āĻāϟāĻž āĻĒā§ā§°āϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋāĨ¤ āχ āϤ⧃āϤ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻĒā§ā§°āϜāĻ¨ā§āĻŽā§° (3G) āϝ⧋āĻ—āĻžāϝ⧋āĻ— āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžā§° āϏ⧈āϤ⧇ āϜāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāϤāĨ¤


47. DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) (āĻĄāĻŋ.āĻāĻ›.āĻāϞ.)

DSL is a technology that transmits digital data through telephone lines using computers. DSL āĻšā§ˆāϛ⧇ āĻāύ⧇ āĻāϟāĻž āĻĒā§ā§°āϝ⧁āĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋ āϝāĻžā§° āϏāĻšāĻžāϝāĻŧāϤ āĻŸā§‡āϞāĻŋāĻĢā§‹āύ āϞāĻžāχāύ⧰ āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽā§‡ āĻĄāĻŋāϜāĻŋāĻŸā§‡āϞ āĻĄāĻžāϟāĻž āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧰ āϕ⧰āĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤


48. Hub (āĻšāĻžāĻŦ)

A hub is a networking device used to connect two or more computers or network devices together. āĻšāĻžāĻŦ āĻšā§ˆāϛ⧇ āĻāϟāĻž āύ⧇āĻŸā§ąā§°ā§āĻ• āĻĄāĻŋāĻ­āĻžāχāϚ, āϝāĻŋ āĻĻ⧁āϟāĻž āĻŦāĻž āϤāĻžāϤ⧋āϧāĻŋāĻ• āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāωāϟāĻžā§° āĻŦāĻž āύ⧇āĻŸā§ąā§°ā§āĻ• āĻĄāĻŋāĻ­āĻžāχāϚāĻ• āϏāĻ‚āϝ⧋āĻ— āϕ⧰⧇āĨ¤