Refraction through Glass Slab : āĻ•āĻžāρāϚ⧰ āĻĒāĻžāϤ⧰ āĻŽāĻžāĻœā§‡ā§°ā§‡ āĻĒā§ā§°āϤāĻŋāϏ⧰āĻŖ


When a ray of light passes through a glass slab, it bends at the surface due to refraction. The ray first bends towards the normal when it enters the denser medium (glass) and bends away from the normal when it comes out into air. Finally, the emergent ray becomes parallel to the incident ray but shifts sideways. This sideways shift is called lateral displacement.



āϝ⧇āϤāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻĒā§‹āĻšā§°ā§° āĻāϟāĻž ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ•āĻžāρāϚ⧰ āĻĒāĻžāϤ⧰ āĻŽāĻžāĻœā§‡ā§°ā§‡ āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ, āϤ⧇āϤāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻĒā§ā§°āϤāĻŋāϏ⧰āĻŖā§° āĻŦāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āχ āĻŦ⧇āρāĻ•āĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋāĻŸā§‹ āϘāύ āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽ (āĻ•āĻžāρāϚ) āϤ āĻĒā§ā§°ā§ąā§‡āĻļ āϕ⧰āĻžā§° āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧāϤ āϞāĻŽā§āĻŦā§° āĻĢāĻžāϞ⧇ āĻŦāĻžāϕ⧇ āφ⧰⧁ āĻĒ⧁āύ⧰ āĻŦāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧁āϤ āĻ“āϞāĻžāχ āĻ…āĻšāĻžā§° āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧāϤ āϞāĻŽā§āĻŦā§° āĻĒā§°āĻž āφāρāϤ⧰⧇ āĻŦāĻžāϕ⧇āĨ¤ āĻļ⧇āώāϤ, āύāĻŋā§°ā§āĻ—āϤ ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋāĻŸā§‹ āφāĻĒāϤāĻŋāϤ ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋā§° āϏāĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧰āĻžāϞ āĻšāϝāĻŧ, āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁ āĻ•āĻžāώāϞ⧈ āϏ⧰āĻŋ āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻāχ āĻ•āĻžāώ⧀āϝāĻŧ āϏ⧰āĻŖāĻ• āĻĒāĻžā§°ā§āĻļā§āĻŦā§€āϝāĻŧ āϏ⧰āĻŖ (Lateral Displacement) āĻŦā§‹āϞāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤


Important Terms : āϗ⧁⧰⧁āĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻāϏāĻŽā§‚āĻš


1. Incident Ray (PQ) : āφāĻĒāϤāĻŋāϤ ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋ : The ray of light that strikes the surface of the glass slab is called the incident ray. āĻ•āĻžāρāϚ⧰ āĻĒāĻžāϤ⧰ āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āĻ āϤ āĻĒā§°āĻž āĻĒā§‹āĻšā§°ā§° ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋāĻ• āφāĻĒāϤāĻŋāϤ ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋ āĻŦā§‹āϞāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤


2. Refracted Ray (QR) : āĻĒā§ā§°āϤāĻŋāϏ⧰āĻŋāϤ ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋ : The ray that bends inside the glass slab is called the refracted ray. āĻ•āĻžāρāϚ⧰ āĻĒāĻžāϤ⧰ āĻ­āĻŋāϤ⧰āϤ āĻŦ⧇āρāĻ•āĻž āĻšā§‹ā§ąāĻž ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋāĻ• āĻĒā§ā§°āϤāĻŋāϏ⧰āĻŋāϤ ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋ āĻŦā§‹āϞāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤


3. Emergent Ray (RS) : āύāĻŋā§°ā§āĻ—āϤ ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋ : The ray that comes out from the glass slab is called the emergent ray.
āĻ•āĻžāρāϚ⧰ āĻĒāĻžāϤ⧰ āĻĒā§°āĻž āĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻŋā§° āĻšā§‹ā§ąāĻž ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋāĻ• āύāĻŋā§°ā§āĻ—āϤ ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋ āĻŦā§‹āϞāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤


Key Points : āĻŽā§āĻ–ā§āϝ āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧāϏāĻŽā§‚āĻš


1. Angle of Incidence = Angle of Emergence (āφāĻĒāϤāύ āϕ⧋āĻŖ = āύāĻŋā§°ā§āĻ—āĻŽāύ āϕ⧋āĻŖ) : ∠i = ∠e


The angle of emergence is equal to the angle of incidence. āύāĻŋā§°ā§āĻ—āĻŽāύ āϕ⧋āĻŖ āφāĻĒāϤāύ āϕ⧋āĻŖā§° āϏāĻŽāĻžāύ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤


2. Emergent Ray is Parallel to Incident Ray āύāĻŋā§°ā§āĻ—āϤ ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋ āφāĻĒāϤāĻŋāϤ ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋā§° āϏāĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧰āĻžāϞ


The emergent ray remains parallel to the incident ray after passing through the glass slab. āĻ•āĻžāρāϚ⧰ āĻĒāĻžāϤ⧰ āĻŽāĻžāĻœā§‡ā§°ā§‡ āĻ¯ā§‹ā§ąāĻžā§° āĻĒāĻŋāĻ›āϤ āύāĻŋā§°ā§āĻ—āϤ ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋāĻŸā§‹ āφāĻĒāϤāĻŋāϤ ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋā§° āϏāĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧰āĻžāϞ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇āĨ¤


3. Lateral Displacement : āĻĒāĻžā§°ā§āĻļā§āĻŦā§€āϝāĻŧ āϏ⧰āĻŖ : Although the emergent ray is parallel to the incident ray, it shifts sideways. This shift is called lateral displacement. āύāĻŋā§°ā§āĻ—āϤ ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋāĻŸā§‹ āφāĻĒāϤāĻŋāϤ ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋā§° āϏāĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧰āĻžāϞ āĻšāϞ⧇āĻ“ āχ āĻ•āĻžāώāϞ⧈ āϏ⧰āĻŋ āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻāχ āϏ⧰āĻŖāĻ• āĻĒāĻžā§°ā§āĻļā§āĻŦā§€āϝāĻŧ āϏ⧰āĻŖ āĻŦā§‹āϞāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤


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MCQs – Refraction through Glass Slab


1. The bending of light when it passes from one medium to another is called: āĻĒā§‹āĻšā§° āĻāϟāĻž āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽā§° āĻĒā§°āĻž āφāύ āĻāϟāĻžāϞ⧈ āĻ—’āϞ⧇ āĻĻāĻŋāĻļ āϏāϞāύāĻŋ āĻšā§‹ā§ąāĻžāĻ• āĻ•āĻŋ āĻ•āϝāĻŧ ?     


 Option: A) Reflection / āĻĒā§ā§°āϤāĻŋāĻĢāϞāύ B) Refraction / āĻĒā§ā§°āϤāĻŋāϏ⧰āĻŖ C) Dispersion / āĻŦāĻŋāĻšā§āϛ⧁⧰āĻŖ D) Scattering / āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§°āĻŖ


Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: B) Refraction / āĻĒā§ā§°āϤāĻŋāϏ⧰āĻŖ


Explanation / āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: Refraction is the bending of light in different media. āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽāϤ āĻĒā§‹āĻšā§° āĻŦ⧇āρāϕ⧇ āĻ¯ā§‹ā§ąāĻžāĻ• āĻĒā§ā§°āϤāĻŋāϏ⧰āĻŖ āĻ•āϝāĻŧāĨ¤


2. The ray entering the glass slab is called: Glass slab āϤ āĻĒā§ā§°ā§ąā§‡āĻļ āϕ⧰āĻž ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋāĻ• āĻ•āĻŋ āĻ•āϝāĻŧ ?


Option:A) Emergent Ray / āωāĻĻā§āĻ—āϤ ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋ B) Reflected Ray / āĻĒā§ā§°āϤāĻŋāĻĢāϞāĻŋāϤ ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋ C) Incident Ray / āφāĻĒāϤāĻŋāϤ ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋ D) Normal / āϞāĻŽā§āĻŦ


Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: C) Incident Ray / āφāĻĒāϤāĻŋāϤ ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋ


Explanation  / āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: The ray striking the surface first is called incident ray. āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āĻ āϤ āĻĒā§ā§°āĻĨāĻŽā§‡ āĻĒā§°āĻž ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋāĻ• āφāĻĒāϤāĻŋāϤ ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ•āϝāĻŧāĨ¤


3. The ray coming out of the glass slab is called: Glass slab ā§° āĻĒā§°āĻž āĻ“āϞāĻžāχ āĻ…āĻšāĻž ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋāĻ• āĻ•āĻŋ āĻ•āϝāĻŧ ?












Option: A) Incident Ray / āφāĻĒāϤāĻŋāϤ ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋ B) Refracted Ray / āĻĒā§ā§°āϤāĻŋāϏ⧰āĻŋāϤ ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋ  C) Emergent Ray / āωāĻĻā§āĻ—āϤ ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋ D) Normal / āϞāĻŽā§āĻŦ

 

Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: C) Emergent Ray / āωāĻĻā§āĻ—āϤ ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋ

 

Explanation  / āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: The ray leaving the slab is called emergent ray. āĻĢāϞāϕ⧰ āĻĒā§°āĻž āĻ“āϞāĻžāχ āĻ…āĻšāĻž ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋāĻ• āωāĻĻā§āĻ—āϤ ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ•āϝāĻŧāĨ¤

 

4. In a rectangular glass slab, the emergent ray is: āφāϝāĻŧāϤāĻ•āĻžā§° glass slab āϤ āωāĻĻā§āĻ—āϤ ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋ āϕ⧇āύ⧇āĻ•ā§ā§ąāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ ?

 

Option: A) Perpendicular / āϞāĻŽā§āĻŦ B) Parallel / āϏāĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧰āĻžāϞ  C) Opposite / āĻŦāĻŋāĻĒā§°ā§€āϤ D) Curved / āĻŦ⧇āρāĻ•āĻž

Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: B) Parallel / āϏāĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧰āĻžāϞ

 

Explanation  / āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: Emergent ray remains parallel to incident ray. āωāĻĻā§āĻ—āϤ ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋ āφāĻĒāϤāĻŋāϤ ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋā§° āϏāĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧰āĻžāϞ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇āĨ¤

 

5. Angle of emergence is equal to: āωāĻĻā§āĻ—āĻŽāύ āϕ⧋āĻŖ āĻ•āĻŋāĻšā§° āϏāĻŽāĻžāύ ?

 

Option: A) Angle of reflection / āĻĒā§ā§°āϤāĻŋāĻĢāϞāύ āϕ⧋āĻŖ  B) Angle of deviation / āĻŦāĻŋāĻšā§āϝ⧁āϤāĻŋ āϕ⧋āĻŖ   C) Angle of incidence / āφāĻĒāϤāύ āϕ⧋āĻŖ  D) Zero / āĻļā§‚āĻ¨ā§āϝ

 

Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: C) Angle of incidence / āφāĻĒāϤāύ āϕ⧋āĻŖ

 

Explanation  / āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: In glass slab, ∠e = ∠i.. Glass slab āϤ ∠e = ∠i āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤

 

6. The sideways shift of light in glass slab is called: Glass slab āϤ āĻĒā§‹āĻšā§°ā§° āĻĒāĻžāĻļāĻĢāĻžāϞ⧀āϝāĻŧ āϏ⧰āĻŖāĻ• āĻ•āĻŋ āĻ•āϝāĻŧ ?

 

Option: A) Reflection / āĻĒā§ā§°āϤāĻŋāĻĢāϞāύ B) Refraction / āĻĒā§ā§°āϤāĻŋāϏ⧰āĻŖ  C) Lateral Displacement / āĻĒāĻžā§°ā§āĻļā§āĻŦā§€āϝāĻŧ āϏ⧰āĻŖ D) Dispersion / āĻŦāĻŋāĻšā§āϛ⧁⧰āĻŖ

 

Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: C) Lateral Displacement / āĻĒāĻžā§°ā§āĻļā§āĻŦā§€āϝāĻŧ āϏ⧰āĻŖ

 

Explanation  / āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: The emergent ray shifts sideways from original path. āωāĻĻā§āĻ—āϤ ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋ āĻŽā§‚āϞ āĻĒāĻĨā§° āĻĒā§°āĻž āĻĒāĻžāĻļāĻĢāĻžāϞ⧇ āϏ⧰āĻŋ āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤

 

7. Light bends towards the normal when it travels from: āĻĒā§‹āĻšā§° āϕ⧇āϤāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āϞāĻŽā§āĻŦā§° āĻĢāĻžāϞ⧇ āĻŦ⧇āρāϕ⧇ āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ ?

 

Option: A) Denser to rarer medium / āϘāύ āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽā§° āĻĒā§°āĻž āĻĒāĻžāϤāϞ āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽāϞ⧈    B) Rarer to denser medium / āĻĒāĻžāϤāϞ āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽā§° āĻĒā§°āĻž āϘāύ āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽāϞ⧈
C) Vacuum to vacuum / āĻļā§‚āĻ¨ā§āϝāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ⧰ āĻĒā§°āĻž āĻļā§‚āĻ¨ā§āϝāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύāϞ⧈    D) Air to air / āĻŦāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧁⧰ āĻĒā§°āĻž āĻŦāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧁āϞ⧈

 

Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: B) Rarer to denser medium / āĻĒāĻžāϤāϞ āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽā§° āĻĒā§°āĻž āϘāύ āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽāϞ⧈

 

Explanation  / āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: Light slows down in denser medium and bends towards normal.āϘāύ āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽāϤ āĻĒā§‹āĻšā§°ā§° āĻŦ⧇āĻ— āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋ āϞāĻŽā§āĻŦā§° āĻĢāĻžāϞ⧇ āĻŦ⧇āρāϕ⧇ āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤

 

8. Which quantity remains unchanged during refraction ? āĻĒā§ā§°āϤāĻŋāϏ⧰āĻŖā§° āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧāϤ āϕ⧋āύāĻŸā§‹ ā§°āĻžāĻļāĻŋ āϏāϞāύāĻŋ āύāĻšāϝāĻŧ ?

 

Option: A) Speed / āĻŦ⧇āĻ— B) Wavelength / āϤāϰāĻ™ā§āĻ—āĻĻā§ˆā§°ā§āĻ˜ā§āϝ C) Direction / āĻĻāĻŋāĻļ D) Frequency / āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻžāĻ™ā§āĻ•

 

Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: D) Frequency / āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻžāĻ™ā§āĻ•

 

Explanation  / āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: Frequency of light always remains constant. āĻĒā§‹āĻšā§°ā§° āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻžāĻ™ā§āĻ• āϏāĻĻāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻāϕ⧇ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇āĨ¤

 

9. The perpendicular line drawn at the point of incidence is called: āφāĻĒāϤāύ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻĻ⧁āϤ āĻ…āĻ‚āĻ•āĻŋāϤ āϞāĻŽā§āĻŦ ⧰⧇āĻ–āĻžāĻ• āĻ•āĻŋ āĻ•āϝāĻŧ ?

 

Option: A) Tangent / āĻ¸ā§āĻĒā§°ā§āĻļāĻ• B) Normal / āϞāĻŽā§āĻŦ   C) Refracted Ray / āĻĒā§ā§°āϤāĻŋāϏ⧰āĻŋāϤ ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋ D) Mirror / āĻĻā§°ā§āĻĒāĻŖ

 

Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: B) Normal / āϞāĻŽā§āĻŦ

 

Explanation  / āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: Normal is drawn perpendicular to the surface. āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āĻ ā§° āϞāĻŽā§āĻŦ āĻĻāĻŋāĻļāϤ āφāρāĻ•āĻž ⧰⧇āĻ–āĻžāĻ• normal āĻ•āϝāĻŧāĨ¤

 

10. Refraction occurs due to change in: āĻĒā§ā§°āϤāĻŋāϏ⧰āĻŖ āĻ•āĻŋāĻšā§° āĻĒā§°āĻŋāĻŦā§°ā§āϤāύ⧰ āĻŦāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āϘāĻŸā§‡ ?

 

Option: A) Colour / ā§°āĻ‚ B) Frequency / āĻ•āĻŽā§āĻĒāĻžāĻ™ā§āĻ• C) Speed of light / āĻĒā§‹āĻšā§°ā§° āĻŦ⧇āĻ— D) Temperature / āωāĻˇā§āĻŖāϤāĻž

 

Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: C) Speed of light / āĻĒā§‹āĻšā§°ā§° āĻŦ⧇āĻ—

 

Explanation  / āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: Light changes direction because its speed changes in different media. āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽāϤ āĻĒā§‹āĻšā§°ā§° āĻŦ⧇āĻ— āϏāϞāύāĻŋ āĻšā§‹ā§ąāĻžā§° āĻŦāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻĻāĻŋāĻļ āϏāϞāύāĻŋ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤




 

2 Marks Questions & Answers

 

1. What is refraction of light ? āĻĒā§‹āĻšā§°ā§° āĻĒā§ā§°āϤāĻŋāϏ⧰āĻŖ āĻ•āĻŋ ?

 

Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: Refraction of light is the bending of light when it passes from one medium to another. āĻĒā§‹āĻšā§° āĻāϟāĻž āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽā§° āĻĒā§°āĻž āφāύ āĻāϟāĻžāϞ⧈ āĻ—’āϞ⧇ āĻĻāĻŋāĻļ āϏāϞāύāĻŋ āĻšā§‹ā§ąāĻžāĻ• āĻĒā§‹āĻšā§°ā§° āĻĒā§ā§°āϤāĻŋāϏ⧰āĻŖ āĻ•āϝāĻŧāĨ¤








2. What is lateral displacement ? Lateral displacement āĻ•āĻŋ ?


Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: The sideways shift of the emergent ray from the original path is called lateral displacement. āωāĻĻā§āĻ—āϤ ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋ āĻŽā§‚āϞ āĻĒāĻĨā§° āĻĒā§°āĻž āĻĒāĻžāĻļāĻĢāĻžāϞ⧇ āϏ⧰āĻŋ āĻ¯ā§‹ā§ąāĻžāĻ• lateral displacement āĻ•āϝāĻŧāĨ¤


3. State one property of the emergent ray in a glass slab. Glass slab āϤ āωāĻĻā§āĻ—āϤ ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋā§° āĻāϟāĻž āϗ⧁āĻŖ āϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻžāĨ¤


Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: The emergent ray is parallel to the incident ray. āωāĻĻā§āĻ—āϤ ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋ āφāĻĒāϤāĻŋāϤ ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋā§° āϏāĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧰āĻžāϞ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤


4. Define incident ray and refracted ray. Incident ray āφ⧰⧁ refracted ray ā§° āϏāĻ‚āĻœā§āĻžāĻž āϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻžāĨ¤


Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: Incident Ray: The ray striking the surface. āφāĻĒāϤāĻŋāϤ ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋ: āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āĻ āϤ āĻĒā§°āĻž ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋāĨ¤


Refracted Ray: The bent ray inside the medium. āĻĒā§ā§°āϤāĻŋāϏ⧰āĻŋāϤ ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋ: āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽā§° āĻ­āĻŋāϤ⧰āϤ āĻŦ⧇āρāĻ•āĻž āĻšā§‹ā§ąāĻž ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋāĨ¤


5 Marks Questions & Answers


1. Explain refraction through a glass slab with diagram. āϚāĻŋāĻ¤ā§ā§°āϏāĻš āĻ•āĻžāρāϚ⧰ āĻĢāϞāϕ⧰ āĻŽāĻžāĻœā§‡ā§°ā§‡ āĻĒā§‹āĻšā§°ā§° āĻĒā§ā§°āϤāĻŋāϏ⧰āĻŖ āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž āϕ⧰āĻžāĨ¤


Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: When a ray of light enters a glass slab from air, it bends towards the normal because glass is denser than air. Inside the slab, the ray travels along a different path. When it emerges out into air, it bends away from the normal. The emergent ray becomes parallel to the incident ray but is laterally displaced.


āϝ⧇āϤāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻĒā§‹āĻšā§°ā§° ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋ āĻŦāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧁⧰ āĻĒā§°āĻž āĻ•āĻžāρāϚ⧰ āĻĢāϞāĻ•āϤ āĻĒā§ā§°ā§ąā§‡āĻļ āϕ⧰⧇, āϤ⧇āϤāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻ•āĻžāρāϚ āĻŦāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧁āϤāĻ•ā§ˆ āϘāύ āĻšā§‹ā§ąāĻžā§° āĻŦāĻžāĻŦ⧇ ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋ āϞāĻŽā§āĻŦā§° āĻĢāĻžāϞ⧇ āĻŦ⧇āρāϕ⧇ āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻĢāϞāϕ⧰ āĻ­āĻŋāϤ⧰āϤ ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋāĻŸā§‹ āφāύ āĻĒāĻĨ⧇āĻĻāĻŋ āĻ—āϤāĻŋ āϕ⧰⧇āĨ¤ āĻĒ⧁āύ⧰ āĻŦāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧁āϤ āĻ“āϞāĻžāχ āφāĻšā§‹āρāϤ⧇ āχ āϞāĻŽā§āĻŦā§° āĻĒā§°āĻž āφāρāϤ⧰āĻŋ āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āωāĻĻā§āĻ—āϤ ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋ āφāĻĒāϤāĻŋāϤ ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋā§° āϏāĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧰āĻžāϞ āĻšāϝāĻŧ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁ āĻ•āĻŋāϛ⧁āϟāĻž āĻĒāĻžāĻļāĻĢāĻžāϞ⧇ āϏ⧰āĻŋ āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤


2. Write the important terms related to refraction through glass slab. Glass slab ā§° āĻŽāĻžāĻœā§‡ā§°ā§‡ āĻĒā§ā§°āϤāĻŋāϏ⧰āĻŖā§° āϏ⧈āϤ⧇ āϜāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāϤ āϗ⧁⧰⧁āĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻĒāĻĻāϏāĻŽā§‚āĻš āϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻžāĨ¤


Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰:



  1. Incident Ray – Ray striking the surface. āφāĻĒāϤāĻŋāϤ ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋ – āĻĒ⧃āĻˇā§āĻ āϤ āĻĒā§°āĻž ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋāĨ¤

  2. Refracted Ray – Bent ray inside the slab. āĻĒā§ā§°āϤāĻŋāϏ⧰āĻŋāϤ ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋ – āĻĢāϞāϕ⧰ āĻ­āĻŋāϤ⧰āϤ āĻŦ⧇āρāĻ•āĻž āĻšā§‹ā§ąāĻž ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋāĨ¤

  3. Emergent Ray – Ray coming out of the slab. āωāĻĻā§āĻ—āϤ ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋ – āĻĢāϞāϕ⧰ āĻĒā§°āĻž āĻ“āϞāĻžāχ āĻ…āĻšāĻž ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋāĨ¤

  4. Normal – Perpendicular line at point of incidence. Normal – āφāĻĒāϤāύ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻĻ⧁āϤ āϞāĻŽā§āĻŦ ⧰⧇āĻ–āĻžāĨ¤

  5. Angle of Incidence – Angle between incident ray and normal. āφāĻĒāϤāύ āϕ⧋āĻŖ – āφāĻĒāϤāĻŋāϤ ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋ āφ⧰⧁ āϞāĻŽā§āĻŦā§° āĻŽāĻžāϜ⧰ āϕ⧋āĻŖāĨ¤

  6. Angle of Refraction – Angle between refracted ray and normal. āĻĒā§ā§°āϤāĻŋāϏ⧰āĻŖ āϕ⧋āĻŖ – āĻĒā§ā§°āϤāĻŋāϏ⧰āĻŋāϤ ā§°āĻļā§āĻŽāĻŋ āφ⧰⧁ āϞāĻŽā§āĻŦā§° āĻŽāĻžāϜ⧰ āϕ⧋āĻŖāĨ¤