Current and Voltage :: āĻ§āĻžā§°āĻž āĻā§°ā§ āĻāĻ˛ā§āĻā§āĻ
1. Symbol / āĻāĻŋāĻšā§āĻ¨ : Current (āĻ§āĻžā§°āĻž)→ I, Voltage (āĻāĻ˛ā§āĻā§āĻ) → V
2. Definition / āĻ¸āĻāĻā§āĻāĻž: Current is the rate of flow of electric charge. Electric current means charges moving through a conductor. (āĻ§āĻžā§°āĻž āĻšā§āĻā§ āĻŦā§āĻĻā§āĻ¯ā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ āĻāĻ§āĻžāĻ¨ā§° āĻĒā§ā§°āĻŦāĻžāĻšā§° āĻšāĻžā§° āĻ
ā§°ā§āĻĨāĻžā§, āĻāĻ§āĻžāĻ¨ āĻĒā§°āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻā§° āĻŽāĻžāĻā§ā§°ā§ āĻāĻ¤āĻŋ āĻā§°āĻŋāĻ˛ā§ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ āĻ§āĻžā§°āĻž āĻŦā§āĻ˛āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤)
Voltage is the potential difference between two points. (āĻāĻ˛ā§āĻā§āĻ āĻšā§āĻā§ āĻĻā§āĻāĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻ¨ā§āĻĻā§ā§° āĻŽāĻžāĻā§° āĻŦāĻŋāĻā§ą āĻĒāĻžā§°ā§āĻĨāĻā§āĻ¯āĨ¤)
3. Formula / āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ā§ā§°: I. Current / āĻ§āĻžā§°āĻž : I = Q/t â, II. Voltage / āĻāĻ˛ā§āĻā§āĻ : V = W/Qâ
4. SI Unit / SI āĻāĻāĻ:
I. Current → ampere (A) : āĻ§āĻžā§°āĻž → āĻāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžā§° (A)
II. Voltage → volt (V) : āĻāĻ˛ā§āĻā§āĻ → āĻāĻ˛ā§āĻ (V)
5. Meaning / āĻ
ā§°ā§āĻĨ:
I. Current tells how much charge flows in a given time. (āĻ§āĻžā§°āĻžāĻ āĻ¨āĻŋā§°ā§āĻĻāĻŋāĻˇā§āĻ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧāĻ¤ āĻāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ āĻāĻ§āĻžāĻ¨ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ āĻ¤āĻžāĻ āĻŦā§āĻāĻžāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤)
II. Voltage pushes electric charges through the circuit. (āĻāĻ˛ā§āĻā§āĻā§ āĻŦā§āĻĻā§āĻ¯ā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ āĻāĻ§āĻžāĻ¨āĻ¸āĻŽā§āĻšāĻ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ āĻāĻ˛āĻŋāĻŦāĻ˛ā§ āĻ ā§āĻ˛āĻž āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§āĨ¤)
6. Measuring Instrument / āĻĒā§°āĻŋāĻŽāĻžāĻĒāĻ āĻ¯āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ā§°
Current → Ammeter : āĻ§āĻžā§°āĻž → āĻāĻŽāĻŋāĻāĻžā§°
Voltage → Voltmeter : āĻāĻ˛ā§āĻā§āĻ → āĻāĻ˛ā§āĻāĻŽāĻŋāĻāĻžā§°
7. Example / āĻāĻĻāĻžāĻšā§°āĻŖ
I. Current flows through a wire and lights a bulb. (āĻ§āĻžā§°āĻž āĻ¤āĻžāĻā§°ā§° āĻŽāĻžāĻā§ā§°ā§ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻšā§ āĻŦāĻžāĻ˛ā§āĻŦ āĻā§āĻŦāĻ˛āĻžāĻāĨ¤)
II. A battery provides voltage to run a bulb. (āĻŦā§āĻāĻžā§°ā§āĻ¯āĻŧā§ āĻŦāĻžāĻ˛ā§āĻŦ āĻāĻ˛āĻžāĻŦāĻ˛ā§ āĻāĻ˛ā§āĻā§āĻ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§āĨ¤)
8. Simple Understanding / āĻ¸āĻšāĻ āĻŦā§āĻāĻžāĻŦā§āĻāĻŋ
Current is like water flowing in a pipe. (āĻ§āĻžā§°āĻž āĻšā§āĻā§ āĻĒāĻžāĻāĻĒāĻ¤ āĻĒāĻžāĻ¨ā§ āĻŦā§ āĻ¯ā§ā§ąāĻžā§° āĻĻā§°ā§āĨ¤)
Voltage is like water pressure pushing the water. (āĻāĻ˛ā§āĻā§āĻ āĻšā§āĻā§ āĻĒāĻžāĻ¨ā§ āĻ ā§āĻ˛āĻŋ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻž āĻāĻžāĻĒā§° āĻĻā§°ā§āĨ¤)
Easy Difference / āĻ¸āĻšāĻ āĻĒāĻžā§°ā§āĻĨāĻā§āĻ¯
- Current = Flow of charges : āĻ§āĻžā§°āĻž = āĻāĻ§āĻžāĻ¨ā§° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻŦāĻžāĻš
- Voltage = Push for charges : āĻāĻ˛ā§āĻā§āĻ = āĻāĻ§āĻžāĻ¨ āĻāĻ˛āĻŋāĻŦāĻ˛ā§ āĻ ā§āĻ˛āĻž
Both are needed for electricity to work. (āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āĻ¯ā§ā§ āĻāĻžāĻŽ āĻā§°āĻŋāĻŦāĻ˛ā§ āĻ§āĻžā§°āĻž āĻā§°ā§ āĻāĻ˛ā§āĻā§āĻ āĻĻā§āĻ¯āĻŧā§āĻāĻžāĻ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻ¯āĻŧā§āĻāĻ¨āĨ¤)
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MCQ
Current and Voltage MCQ : āĻ§āĻžā§°āĻž āĻā§°ā§ āĻāĻ˛ā§āĻā§āĻ MCQ
1. What is the SI unit of current ? āĻ§āĻžā§°āĻžā§° SI āĻāĻāĻ āĻāĻŋ ?
A. Volt B. Ampere C. Ohm D. Watt
Ans: B. Ampere
Explanation: Current is measured in ampere (A). (āĻ§āĻžā§°āĻž āĻāĻŽā§āĻĒāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧāĻžā§° (A) āĻ¤ āĻŽāĻžāĻĒāĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤)
2. Which instrument measures voltage ? āĻāĻ˛ā§āĻā§āĻ āĻā§āĻ¨ āĻ¯āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ā§°ā§ā§°ā§ āĻŽāĻžāĻĒāĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ ?
A. Ammeter B. Thermometer C. Voltmeter D. Barometer
Ans: C. Voltmeter
Explanation: A voltmeter is used to measure voltage. (āĻāĻ˛ā§āĻā§āĻ āĻŽāĻžāĻĒāĻŋāĻŦāĻ˛ā§ āĻāĻ˛ā§āĻāĻŽāĻŋāĻāĻžā§° āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻā§°āĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤)
3. The symbol of current is — (āĻ§āĻžā§°āĻžā§° āĻāĻŋāĻšā§āĻ¨ āĻšā§āĻā§ —)
A. V B. I C. R D. W
Ans: B. I
Explanation: The standard symbol of electric current is I. (āĻŦā§āĻĻā§āĻ¯ā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ āĻ§āĻžā§°āĻžā§° āĻāĻŋāĻšā§āĻ¨ IāĨ¤)
4. Voltage is measured in — (āĻāĻ˛ā§āĻā§āĻ āĻāĻŋāĻšāĻ¤ āĻŽāĻžāĻĒāĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ ?)
A. Ampere B. Joule C. Volt D. Ohm
Ans: C. Volt
Explanation: Voltage is measured in volt (V). (āĻāĻ˛ā§āĻā§āĻ āĻāĻ˛ā§āĻ (V) āĻ¤ āĻŽāĻžāĻĒāĻž āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤)
5. Current is the flow of — (āĻ§āĻžā§°āĻž āĻāĻŋ āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ā§ā§° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻŦāĻžāĻš ?)
A. Heat B. Light C. Electric charge D. Sound
Ans: C. Electric charge
Explanation: Electric current means flow of electric charges. (āĻŦā§āĻĻā§āĻ¯ā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ āĻ§āĻžā§°āĻž āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§ āĻāĻ§āĻžāĻ¨ā§° āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻŦāĻžāĻšāĨ¤)
6. Which device provides voltage in a circuit ? (āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ āĻā§āĻ¨ āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ā§āĻ¯āĻŧā§ āĻāĻ˛ā§āĻā§āĻ āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§ ?)
A. Bulb B. Battery C. Wire D. Switch
Ans: B. Battery
Explanation: A battery supplies voltage to the circuit. (āĻŦā§āĻāĻžā§°ā§āĻ¯āĻŧā§ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ āĻāĻ˛ā§āĻā§āĻ āĻ¯ā§āĻāĻžāĻ¨ āĻ§ā§°ā§āĨ¤)
7. Ammeter measures — (āĻāĻŽāĻŋāĻāĻžā§°ā§ āĻāĻŋ āĻŽāĻžāĻĒā§ ?)
A. Voltage B. Resistance C. Current D. Power
Ans: C. Current
Explanation: An ammeter measures electric current. (āĻāĻŽāĻŋāĻāĻžā§°ā§ āĻŦā§āĻĻā§āĻ¯ā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ āĻ§āĻžā§°āĻž āĻŽāĻžāĻĒā§āĨ¤)
8. Voltage helps electric charges to — āĻāĻ˛ā§āĻā§āĻā§ āĻŦā§āĻĻā§āĻ¯ā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ āĻāĻ§āĻžāĻ¨āĻ āĻāĻŋ āĻā§°āĻžāĻ¯āĻŧ ?
A. Stop B. Freeze C. Move D. Break
Ans: C. Move
Explanation: Voltage pushes charges to move through the circuit. (āĻāĻ˛ā§āĻā§āĻā§ āĻāĻ§āĻžāĻ¨āĻ āĻŦāĻ°ā§āĻ¤āĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ āĻāĻ˛āĻŋāĻŦāĻ˛ā§ āĻ ā§āĻ˛āĻž āĻĻāĻŋāĻ¯āĻŧā§āĨ¤)
9. The formula of current is — (āĻ§āĻžā§°āĻžā§° āĻ¸ā§āĻ¤ā§ā§° āĻāĻŋ ?)
A. V = W/Q B. I = Q/t C. P = VI D. R = V/I
Ans: B. I = Q/tâ
Explanation: Current equals charge divided by time. (āĻ§āĻžā§°āĻž = āĻāĻ§āĻžāĻ¨ ÷ āĻ¸āĻŽāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤)
10. Current flows through a — āĻ§āĻžā§°āĻž āĻāĻŋāĻšā§° āĻŽāĻžāĻā§ā§°ā§ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧ ?
A. Stone B. Plastic C. Wire D. Wood
Ans: C. Wire
Explanation: Electric current flows easily through conducting wires. (āĻŦā§āĻĻā§āĻ¯ā§āĻ¤āĻŋāĻ āĻ§āĻžā§°āĻž āĻĒā§°āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻšā§ āĻ¤āĻžāĻā§°ā§° āĻŽāĻžāĻā§ā§°ā§ āĻĒā§āĻ°āĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻŋāĻ¤ āĻšāĻ¯āĻŧāĨ¤)