What is Dispersion vs Scattering of Light ? āĻĒā§‹āĻšā§°ā§° āĻŦāĻŋāĻšā§āϛ⧁⧰āĻŖ āĻŦāύāĻžāĻŽ āĻĒā§‹āĻšā§°ā§° āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§°āĻŖ


1. Definition / āϏāĻ‚āĻœā§āĻžāĻž


i. Dispersion of Light(āĻĒā§‹āĻšā§°ā§° āĻŦāĻŋāĻšā§āϛ⧁⧰āĻŖ): Splitting of white light into its constituent colours. āĻŦāĻ—āĻž āĻĒā§‹āĻšā§°āĻ• āχāϝāĻŧāĻžā§° āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ ā§°āĻ™āϤ āĻ­āĻžāĻ— āĻšā§‹ā§ąāĻž āĻĒā§ā§°āĻ•ā§ā§°āĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĨ¤


ii. Scattering of Light (āĻĒā§‹āĻšā§°ā§° āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§°āĻŖ): Spreading of light in different directions by tiny particles. (āϏ⧰⧁ āĻ•āĻŖāĻŋāĻ•āĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻ…āϪ⧁⧰ āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžā§°āĻž āĻĒā§‹āĻšā§° āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āĻĻāĻŋāĻļāϤ āĻŦāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻĒāĻŋ āĻ¯ā§‹ā§ąāĻžāĨ¤)



2. Cause / āĻ•āĻžā§°āĻŖ


i. Dispersion: Different colours bend by different amounts. (āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ ā§°āĻ‚ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āĻĒā§°āĻŋāĻŽāĻžāϪ⧇ āĻŦ⧇āρāϕ⧇āĨ¤)


ii. Scattering: Light interacts with particles or molecules in a medium. (āĻĒā§‹āĻšā§°ā§‡ āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽā§° āĻ•āĻŖāĻŋāĻ•āĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻ…āϪ⧁⧰ āϏ⧈āϤ⧇ āĻ•ā§ā§°āĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āϕ⧰⧇āĨ¤)


3. Result / āĻĢāϞāĻžāĻĢāϞ


i. DispersionProduces a spectrum (VIBGYOR). (VIBGYOR ā§°āϙ⧰ āĻŦā§°ā§āĻŖāĻžāϞ⧀ āϏ⧃āĻˇā§āϟāĻŋ āϕ⧰⧇āĨ¤)


ii. Scattering: Changes the colour or direction of light. (āĻĒā§‹āĻšā§°ā§° ā§°āĻ‚ āĻŦāĻž āĻĻāĻŋāĻļ āϏāϞāύāĻŋ āϕ⧰⧇āĨ¤)


4. Medium/Object / āĻŽāĻžāĻ§ā§āϝāĻŽ āĻŦāĻž āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āϤ⧁


i. DispersionSeen with a prism or raindrops. (āĻĒā§ā§°āĻŋāϜāĻŽ āĻŦāĻž āĻŦā§°āώ⧁āĻŖā§° āĻŸā§‹āĻĒāĻžāϞāϤ āĻĻ⧇āĻ–āĻž āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤)


ii. ScatteringSeen with dust, smoke, or air molecules. (āϧ⧂āϞāĻŋ, āϧ⧋āĻā§ąāĻž āĻŦāĻž āĻŦāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧁⧰ āĻ…āϪ⧁āϤ āĻĻ⧇āĻ–āĻž āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤)


5. Dependence / āύāĻŋā§°ā§āĻ­ā§°āĻļā§€āϞāϤāĻž


i. Dispersion: Depends on wavelength and refractive index. (āϤ⧰āĻ‚āĻ—āĻĻā§ˆā§°ā§āĻ˜ā§āϝ āφ⧰⧁ āĻĒā§ā§°āϤāĻŋāϏ⧰āĻŖāĻžāĻ‚āϕ⧰ āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āύāĻŋā§°ā§āĻ­ā§° āϕ⧰⧇āĨ¤)


ii. ScatteringShorter wavelengths scatter more strongly. (āϏ⧰⧁ āϤ⧰āĻ‚āĻ—āĻĻā§ˆā§°ā§āĻ˜ā§āϝ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ• āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§°āĻŋāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤)


6. Example / āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšā§°āĻŖ : i. Dispersion: Rainbow, prism spectrum. (ā§°āĻžāĻŽāϧ⧇āύ⧁, āĻĒā§ā§°āĻŋāϜāĻŽā§° āĻŦā§°ā§āĻŖāĻžāϞ⧀āĨ¤) ii. Scattering: Blue sky, red sunset. (āύ⧀āϞāĻž āφāĻ•āĻžāĻļ, ā§°āĻ™āĻž āĻ¸ā§‚ā§°ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¸ā§āϤāĨ¤)


7. Use / āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§°


i. DispersionUsed to study colours of light. (āĻĒā§‹āĻšā§°ā§° ā§°āĻ‚ āĻ…āĻ§ā§āϝāϝāĻŧāύ⧰ āĻŦāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āϕ⧰āĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤)


ii. ScatteringExplains sky colour and Tyndall effect. (āφāĻ•āĻžāĻļā§° ā§°āĻ‚ āφ⧰⧁ Tyndall effect āĻŦ⧁āϜāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤)


Main Difference / āĻŽā§āĻ–ā§āϝ āĻĒāĻžā§°ā§āĻĨāĻ•ā§āϝ


i. Dispersion = Splitting of white light into colours (āĻŦāĻŋāĻšā§āϛ⧁⧰āĻŖ = āĻŦāĻ—āĻž āĻĒā§‹āĻšā§° āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ ā§°āĻ™āϤ āĻ­āĻžāĻ— āĻšā§‹ā§ąāĻž)


ii. Scattering = Spreading of light in different directions (āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§°āĻŖ = āĻĒā§‹āĻšā§° āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āĻĻāĻŋāĻļāϤ āĻŦāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻĒāĻŋ āĻ¯ā§‹ā§ąāĻž)


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MCQ on Dispersion vs Scattering of Light (āĻĒā§‹āĻšā§°ā§° āĻŦāĻŋāĻšā§āϛ⧁⧰āĻŖ āφ⧰⧁ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§°āĻŖā§° āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ MCQ)


1. What is dispersion of light ? (ā§§. āĻĒā§‹āĻšā§°ā§° āĻŦāĻŋāĻšā§āϛ⧁⧰āĻŖ āĻ•āĻŋ ?)


(a) Reflection of light (b) Splitting of white light into colours (c) Absorption of light (d) Blocking of light


Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: (b) Splitting of white light into colours


Explanation / āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: Dispersion is the splitting of white light into its constituent colours. āĻŦāĻŋāĻšā§āϛ⧁⧰āĻŖāϤ āĻŦāĻ—āĻž āĻĒā§‹āĻšā§° āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ ā§°āĻ™āϤ āĻ­āĻžāĻ— āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤


2. Which device is commonly used to show dispersion of light ? ā§¨. āĻĒā§‹āĻšā§°ā§° āĻŦāĻŋāĻšā§āϛ⧁⧰āĻŖ āĻĻ⧇āĻ–ā§ā§ąāĻžāĻŦāϞ⧈ āϏāĻžāϧāĻžā§°āĻŖāϤ⧇ āϕ⧋āύāĻŸā§‹ āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āϤ⧁ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āϕ⧰āĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ ?


(a) Mirror (b) Thermometer (c) Prism (d) Lens


Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: (c) Prism


Explanation / āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: A prism splits white light into VIBGYOR colours. āĻĒā§ā§°āĻŋāϜāĻŽā§‡ āĻŦāĻ—āĻž āĻĒā§‹āĻšā§°āĻ• VIBGYOR ā§°āĻ™āϤ āĻ­āĻžāĻ— āϕ⧰⧇āĨ¤


3. Scattering of light occurs due to: (ā§Š. āĻĒā§‹āĻšā§°ā§° āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§°āĻŖ āĻ•āĻŋāĻšā§° āĻŦāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āϘāĻŸā§‡ ?)


(a) Large mirrors (b) Tiny particles or molecules (c) Magnets (d) Electric current


Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: (b) Tiny particles or molecules


Explanation / āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: Scattering occurs when light interacts with tiny particles in a medium. āĻĒā§‹āĻšā§°ā§‡ āϏ⧰⧁ āĻ•āĻŖāĻŋāĻ•āĻžā§° āϏ⧈āϤ⧇ āĻ•ā§ā§°āĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āϕ⧰āĻŋāϞ⧇ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§°āĻŖ āϘāĻŸā§‡āĨ¤


4. Which colour scatters the most in the atmosphere ? (ā§Ē. āĻŦāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧁āĻŽāĻŖā§āĻĄāϞāϤ āϕ⧋āύāĻŸā§‹ ā§°āĻ‚ āφāϟāĻžāχāϤāĻ•ā§ˆ āĻŦ⧇āĻ›āĻŋ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§°āĻŋāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ ?)


(a) Red (b) Yellow (c) Blue (d) Orange


Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: (c) Blue


Explanation / āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: Blue light has shorter wavelength, so it scatters more. (āύ⧀āϞāĻž āĻĒā§‹āĻšā§°ā§° āϤ⧰āĻ‚āĻ—āĻĻā§ˆā§°ā§āĻ˜ā§āϝ āĻ•āĻŽ, āϏ⧇āϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ• āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§°āĻŋāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤)


5. Which phenomenon forms a rainbow ? (ā§Ģ. āϕ⧋āύāĻŸā§‹ āϘāϟāύāĻžā§° āĻĢāϞāϤ ā§°āĻžāĻŽāϧ⧇āύ⧁ āϏ⧃āĻˇā§āϟāĻŋ āĻšāϝāĻŧ ?)


(a) Reflection (b) Dispersion (c) Diffraction (d) Refraction only


Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: (b) Dispersion


Explanation / āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: Rainbow is formed due to dispersion of sunlight by raindrops. āĻŦā§°āώ⧁āĻŖā§° āĻŸā§‹āĻĒāĻžāϞāϤ āĻ¸ā§‚ā§°ā§āϝ⧰ āĻĒā§‹āĻšā§°ā§° āĻŦāĻŋāĻšā§āϛ⧁⧰āĻŖā§° āĻĢāϞāϤ ā§°āĻžāĻŽāϧ⧇āύ⧁ āĻ—āĻ āĻŋāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤


6. The blue colour of the sky is due to: ā§Ŧ. āφāĻ•āĻžāĻļ āύ⧀āϞāĻž āĻĻ⧇āĻ–āĻžā§° āĻ•āĻžā§°āĻŖ āĻ•āĻŋ ?


(a) Reflection (b) Dispersion (c) Scattering (d) Refraction


Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: (c) Scattering


Explanation / āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: Blue light scatters more in the atmosphere, making the sky appear blue. āĻŦāĻžāϝāĻŧ⧁āĻŽāĻŖā§āĻĄāϞāϤ āύ⧀āϞāĻž āĻĒā§‹āĻšā§° āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ• āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§°āĻŋāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ, āϏ⧇āϝāĻŧ⧇ āφāĻ•āĻžāĻļ āύ⧀āϞāĻž āĻĻ⧇āĻ–āĻž āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤


7. Which of the following produces a spectrum ? ā§­. āϤāϞ⧰ āϕ⧋āύāĻŸā§‹ā§ąā§‡ āĻŦā§°ā§āĻŖāĻžāϞ⧀ āϏ⧃āĻˇā§āϟāĻŋ āϕ⧰⧇ ?


(a) Scattering (b) Dispersion (c) Reflection (d) Absorption


Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: (b) Dispersion


Explanation / āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: Dispersion separates white light into VIBGYOR colours forming a spectrum. āĻŦāĻŋāĻšā§āϛ⧁⧰āϪ⧇ āĻŦāĻ—āĻž āĻĒā§‹āĻšā§°āĻ• VIBGYOR ā§°āĻ™āϤ āĻ­āĻžāĻ— āϕ⧰āĻŋ āĻŦā§°ā§āĻŖāĻžāϞ⧀ āϏ⧃āĻˇā§āϟāĻŋ āϕ⧰⧇āĨ¤


8. Red colour is seen during sunset because: (ā§Ž. āĻ¸ā§‚ā§°ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¸ā§āϤ⧰ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧāϤ ā§°āĻ™āĻž ā§°āĻ‚ āĻĻ⧇āĻ–āĻž āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻ•āĻžā§°āĻŖ -)


(a) Red scatters more  (b) Blue scatters away more strongly (c) Sun becomes red


(d) Air absorbs all colours


Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: (b) Blue scatters away more strongly


Explanation / āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: Blue light scatters away, so red light reaches our eyes during sunset. āύ⧀āϞāĻž āĻĒā§‹āĻšā§° āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ• āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§°āĻŋāϤ āĻšāϝāĻŧ, āϏ⧇āϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻ¸ā§‚ā§°ā§āϝāĻžāĻ¸ā§āϤāϤ ā§°āĻ™āĻž āĻĒā§‹āĻšā§° āϚāϕ⧁āϤ āφāĻšā§‡āĨ¤


9. VIBGYOR is related to: ⧝. VIBGYOR āĻ•āĻŋāĻšā§° āϏ⧈āϤ⧇ āϜāĻĄāĻŧāĻŋāϤ ?


(a) Reflection (b) Heat (c) Spectrum of colours (d) Sound waves


Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: (c) Spectrum of colours


Explanation / āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: VIBGYOR represents the seven colours of white light spectrum. VIBGYOR āĻŦāĻ—āĻž āĻĒā§‹āĻšā§°ā§° āϏāĻžāϤāϟāĻž ā§°āĻ‚ āĻŦ⧁āϜāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤


10. Which effect is explained by scattering of light ? (ā§§ā§Ļ. āϕ⧋āύāĻŸā§‹ āĻĒā§ā§°āĻ­āĻžā§ą āĻĒā§‹āĻšā§°ā§° āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§°āϪ⧇ āĻŦ⧁āϜāĻžāϝāĻŧ ?)


(a) Joule effect (b) Tyndall effect (c) Magnetic effect (d) Doppler effect


Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: (b) Tyndall effect


Explanation / āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: The Tyndall effect occurs due to scattering of light by particles. (āĻ•āĻŖāĻŋāĻ•āĻžā§° āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžā§°āĻž āĻĒā§‹āĻšā§°ā§° āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻŋā§°āĻŖā§° āĻĢāϞāϤ Tyndall effect āĻĻ⧇āĻ–āĻž āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤)