When is there Acceleration ? :: āϤā§āĻŦā§°āĻŖ āĻā§āϤāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ ?
1. Speeding Up / āĻāϤāĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻĻā§āϧāĻŋ āĻš'āϞā§
Example / āĻāĻĻāĻžāĻšā§°āĻŖ: 5 m/s → 10 m/s
i. Positive Acceleration (āϧāύāĻžāϤā§āĻŽāĻ āϤā§āĻŦā§°āĻŖ): Speed is increasing. Acceleration is positive. (āĻāϤāĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻĻā§āϧāĻŋ āĻĒāĻžāĻāĻā§āĨ¤ āϤā§āĻŦā§°āĻŖ āϧāύāĻžāϤā§āĻŽāĻāĨ¤)
2. Slowing Down / āĻāϤāĻŋ āĻšā§ā§°āĻžāϏ āĻš'āϞā§
Example / āĻāĻĻāĻžāĻšā§°āĻŖ: 10 m/s → 4 m/s
Negative Acceleration (āĻāĻŖāĻžāϤā§āĻŽāĻ āϤā§āĻŦā§°āĻŖ) / Deceleration (āĻŽāύā§āĻĻāύ)
Brake!: Speed is decreasing. Acceleration is negative. (āĻāϤāĻŋ āĻāĻŽāĻŋ āĻā§āĻā§āĨ¤ āϤā§āĻŦā§°āĻŖ āĻāĻŖāĻžāϤā§āĻŽāĻāĨ¤)
3. Changing Direction / āĻĻāĻŋāĻļ āϏāϞāύāĻŋ āĻš'āϞā§
Example / āĻāĻĻāĻžāĻšā§°āĻŖ: Same speed, but turning. (āĻāĻā§āĻ āĻāϤāĻŋ, āĻāĻŋāύā§āϤ⧠āĻĻāĻŋāĻļ āϏāϞāύāĻŋ āĻšā§āĻā§āĨ¤)
Acceleration Exists (āϤā§āĻŦā§°āĻŖ āĻĨāĻžāĻā§): Speed may be the same, but direction is different. So, acceleration exists! (āĻāϤāĻŋ āĻāĻā§āĻ āĻĨāĻžāĻāĻŋāĻŦ āĻĒāĻžā§°ā§, āĻāĻŋāύā§āϤ⧠āĻĻāĻŋāĻļ āϏāϞāύāĻŋ āĻšā§āĻā§āĨ¤ āϏā§āϝāĻŧā§ āϤā§āĻŦā§°āĻŖ āĻĨāĻžāĻā§āĨ¤)
Acceleration happens when speed changes or direction changes. (āĻāϤāĻŋ āĻŦāĻž āĻĻāĻŋāĻļ āϏāϞāύāĻŋ āĻš'āϞ⧠āϤā§āĻŦā§°āĻŖ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤)
Acceleration (āϤā§āĻŦā§°āĻŖ) MCQ
1. When does acceleration occur ? (ā§§. āϤā§āĻŦā§°āĻŖ āĻā§āϤāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ ?)
(a) Only when speed increases (b) Only when speed decreases (c) When speed or direction changes (d) Only when an object stops
Ans / āĻāϤā§āϤ⧰: (c) When speed or direction changes
Explanation / āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻž: Acceleration occurs when speed changes or direction changes. (āĻāϤāĻŋ āĻŦāĻž āĻĻāĻŋāĻļ āϏāϞāύāĻŋ āĻš'āϞ⧠āϤā§āĻŦā§°āĻŖ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤)
2. A car increases its speed from 5 m/s to 10 m/s. This is: (⧍. āĻāĻāύ āĻāĻžāĻĄāĻŧā§ā§° āĻāϤāĻŋ 5 m/s ā§° āĻĒā§°āĻž 10 m/s āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻ āĻāĻŋ ?)
(a) Negative acceleration (b) Positive acceleration (c) Zero acceleration (d) Constant velocity
Ans / āĻāϤā§āϤ⧰: (b) Positive acceleration
Explanation / āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻž: Speed is increasing, so acceleration is positive. (āĻāϤāĻŋ āĻŦā§āĻĻā§āϧāĻŋ āĻĒāĻžāĻāĻā§, āϏā§āϝāĻŧā§ āϤā§āĻŦā§°āĻŖ āϧāύāĻžāϤā§āĻŽāĻāĨ¤)
3. A bike slows down from 10 m/s to 4 m/s. This is: (ā§Š. āĻāĻāύ āĻŦāĻžāĻāĻā§° āĻāϤāĻŋ 10 m/s ā§° āĻĒā§°āĻž 4 m/s āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻ āĻāĻŋ ?)
(a) Positive acceleration (b) Zero acceleration (c) Negative acceleration (d) Constant acceleration
Ans / āĻāϤā§āϤ⧰: (c) Negative acceleration
Explanation / āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻž: Speed is decreasing, so acceleration is negative. (āĻāϤāĻŋ āĻāĻŽāĻŋ āĻā§āĻā§, āϏā§āϝāĻŧā§ āϤā§āĻŦā§°āĻŖ āĻāĻŖāĻžāϤā§āĻŽāĻāĨ¤)
4. Another name for negative acceleration is: (ā§Ē. āĻāĻŖāĻžāϤā§āĻŽāĻ āϤā§āĻŦā§°āĻŖā§° āĻāύ āĻāĻāĻž āύāĻžāĻŽ āĻāĻŋ ?)
(a) Motion (b) Velocity (c) Deceleration (d) Displacement
Ans / āĻāϤā§āϤ⧰: (c) Deceleration
5. A car moves at the same speed but changes direction. What happens ? (ā§Ģ. āĻāĻāύ āĻāĻžāĻĄāĻŧā§ āĻāĻā§āĻ āĻāϤāĻŋāϤ āĻāϤāĻŋ āĻā§°ā§ āĻāĻŋāύā§āϤ⧠āĻĻāĻŋāĻļ āϏāϞāύāĻŋ āĻā§°ā§āĨ¤ āĻāĻŋ āĻšāϝāĻŧ ?)
(a) No acceleration (b) Acceleration exists (c) Velocity becomes zero (d) Speed becomes zero
Ans / āĻāϤā§āϤ⧰: (b) Acceleration exists
Explanation / āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻž: Direction changes, so velocity changes. Therefore, acceleration exists. (āĻĻāĻŋāĻļ āϏāϞāύāĻŋ āĻšā§āĻā§, āϏā§āϝāĻŧā§ āĻŦā§āĻ āϏāϞāύāĻŋ āĻšā§āĻā§āĨ¤ āĻāϤāĻŋāĻā§ āϤā§āĻŦā§°āĻŖ āĻĨāĻžāĻā§āĨ¤)
6. Which of the following shows positive acceleration ? (ā§Ŧ. āϤāϞ⧰ āĻā§āύāĻā§ āϧāύāĻžāϤā§āĻŽāĻ āϤā§āĻŦā§°āĻŖ āĻĻā§āĻā§ā§ąāĻžāϝāĻŧ ?)
(a) 10 m/s → 5 m/s (b) 5 m/s → 10 m/s (c) 8 m/s → 8 m/s (d) Object at rest
Ans / āĻāϤā§āϤ⧰: (b) 5 m/s → 10 m/s
7. Which of the following shows negative acceleration ? (ā§. āϤāϞ⧰ āĻā§āύāĻā§ āĻāĻŖāĻžāϤā§āĻŽāĻ āϤā§āĻŦā§°āĻŖ āĻĻā§āĻā§ā§ąāĻžāϝāĻŧ ?)
(a) 4 m/s → 12 m/s (b) 10 m/s → 20 m/s (c) 15 m/s → 5 m/s (d) 8 m/s → 8 m/s
Ans / āĻāϤā§āϤ⧰: (c) 15 m/s → 5 m/s
8. An object moves in a circle at constant speed. It has: ā§Ž. āĻā§āύ⧠āĻŦāϏā§āϤ⧠āĻŦā§āϤā§āϤā§āϝāĻŧ āĻĒāĻĨāϤ āϏā§āĻĨāĻŋā§° āĻāϤāĻŋāϤ āĻāϤāĻŋ āĻā§°ā§āĨ¤ āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžā§° -
(a) No acceleration (b) Positive acceleration only (c) Negative acceleration only (d) Acceleration
Ans / āĻāϤā§āϤ⧰: (d) Acceleration
Explanation / āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻž: Its direction keeps changing, so acceleration exists. (āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžā§° āĻĻāĻŋāĻļ āϏāĻĻāĻžāϝāĻŧ āϏāϞāύāĻŋ āĻšā§ āĻĨāĻžāĻā§, āϏā§āϝāĻŧā§ āϤā§āĻŦā§°āĻŖ āĻĨāĻžāĻā§āĨ¤)
9. If both speed and direction remain constant, acceleration is: (⧝. āϝāĻĻāĻŋ āĻāϤāĻŋ āĻā§°ā§ āĻĻāĻŋāĻļ āĻĻā§āϝāĻŧā§āĻāĻžāĻ āϏā§āĻĨāĻŋā§° āĻĨāĻžāĻā§, āϤā§āύā§āϤ⧠āϤā§āĻŦā§°āĻŖ āĻāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāύ ?)
(a) Positive (b) Negative (c) Zero (d) Infinite
Ans / āĻāϤā§āϤ⧰: (c) Zero
Explanation / āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻž: No change in velocity means no acceleration. (āĻŦā§āĻ āϏāϞāύāĻŋ āύāĻš'āϞ⧠āϤā§āĻŦā§°āĻŖ āύāĻžāĻĨāĻžāĻā§āĨ¤)
10. Which statement is correct ? (ā§§ā§Ļ. āĻā§āύāĻā§ āĻāĻā§āϤāĻŋ āϏāĻ āĻŋāĻ ?)
(a) Acceleration occurs only when speed increases. (b) Acceleration occurs only when speed decreases.
(c) Acceleration occurs when speed or direction changes. (d) Acceleration and velocity are the same.
Ans / āĻāϤā§āϤ⧰: (c) Acceleration occurs when speed or direction changes.
Explanation / āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻž: Any change in speed or direction causes acceleration. (āĻāϤāĻŋ āĻŦāĻž āĻĻāĻŋāĻļā§° āϝāĻŋāĻā§āύ⧠āĻĒā§°āĻŋāĻŦā§°ā§āϤāύ⧠āϤā§āĻŦā§°āĻŖ āϏā§āώā§āĻāĻŋ āĻā§°ā§āĨ¤)