When is there Acceleration ? :: āĻ¤ā§āĻŦā§°āĻŖ āϕ⧇āϤāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ ?






1. Speeding Up / āĻ—āϤāĻŋ āĻŦ⧃āĻĻā§āϧāĻŋ āĻš'āϞ⧇


Example / āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšā§°āĻŖ: 5 m/s → 10 m/s


i. Positive Acceleration (āϧāύāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻ• āĻ¤ā§āĻŦā§°āĻŖ): Speed is increasing. Acceleration is positive. (āĻ—āϤāĻŋ āĻŦ⧃āĻĻā§āϧāĻŋ āĻĒāĻžāχāϛ⧇āĨ¤ āĻ¤ā§āĻŦā§°āĻŖ āϧāύāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻ•āĨ¤)


2. Slowing Down / āĻ—āϤāĻŋ āĻšā§ā§°āĻžāϏ āĻš'āϞ⧇

Example / āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšā§°āĻŖ: 10 m/s → 4 m/s


Negative Acceleration (āĻ‹āĻŖāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻ• āĻ¤ā§āĻŦā§°āĻŖ) / Deceleration (āĻŽāĻ¨ā§āĻĻāύ)


Brake!: Speed is decreasing. Acceleration is negative. (āĻ—āϤāĻŋ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ—ā§ˆāϛ⧇āĨ¤ āĻ¤ā§āĻŦā§°āĻŖ āĻ‹āĻŖāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻ•āĨ¤)


3. Changing Direction / āĻĻāĻŋāĻļ āϏāϞāύāĻŋ āĻš'āϞ⧇

Example / āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšā§°āĻŖ: Same speed, but turning. (āĻāϕ⧇āχ āĻ—āϤāĻŋ, āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁ āĻĻāĻŋāĻļ āϏāϞāύāĻŋ āĻšā§ˆāϛ⧇āĨ¤)


Acceleration Exists (āĻ¤ā§āĻŦā§°āĻŖ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇): Speed may be the same, but direction is different. So, acceleration exists! (āĻ—āϤāĻŋ āĻāϕ⧇āχ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻŋāĻŦ āĻĒāĻžā§°ā§‡, āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁ āĻĻāĻŋāĻļ āϏāϞāύāĻŋ āĻšā§ˆāϛ⧇āĨ¤ āϏ⧇āϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻ¤ā§āĻŦā§°āĻŖ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇āĨ¤)


Acceleration happens when speed changes or direction changes. (āĻ—āϤāĻŋ āĻŦāĻž āĻĻāĻŋāĻļ āϏāϞāύāĻŋ āĻš'āϞ⧇ āĻ¤ā§āĻŦā§°āĻŖ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤)

 

Note / āĻŸā§‹āĻ•āĻž: If an object moves at constant speed in a circle, it is still accelerating because its direction keeps changing. (āϝāĻĻāĻŋ āϕ⧋āύ⧋ āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āϤ⧁ āĻŦ⧃āĻ¤ā§āϤ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻĒāĻĨāϤ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋā§° āĻ—āϤāĻŋāϤ āĻ—āϤāĻŋ āϕ⧰⧇, āϤāĻĨāĻžāĻĒāĻŋāĻ“ āĻ¤ā§āĻŦā§°āĻŖ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇, āĻ•āĻžā§°āĻŖ āϤāĻžā§° āĻĻāĻŋāĻļ āϏāĻĻāĻžāϝāĻŧ āϏāϞāύāĻŋ āĻšā§ˆ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇āĨ¤)

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Acceleration (āĻ¤ā§āĻŦā§°āĻŖ) MCQ


1. When does acceleration occur ? (ā§§. āĻ¤ā§āĻŦā§°āĻŖ āϕ⧇āϤāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ ?)


(a) Only when speed increases  (b) Only when speed decreases   (c) When speed or direction changes   (d) Only when an object stops


Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: (c) When speed or direction changes


Explanation / āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: Acceleration occurs when speed changes or direction changes. (āĻ—āϤāĻŋ āĻŦāĻž āĻĻāĻŋāĻļ āϏāϞāύāĻŋ āĻš'āϞ⧇ āĻ¤ā§āĻŦā§°āĻŖ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤)


2. A car increases its speed from 5 m/s to 10 m/s. This is: (⧍. āĻāĻ–āύ āĻ—āĻžāĻĄāĻŧ⧀⧰ āĻ—āϤāĻŋ 5 m/s ā§° āĻĒā§°āĻž 10 m/s āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āχ āĻ•āĻŋ ?)

(a) Negative acceleration  (b) Positive acceleration  (c) Zero acceleration   (d) Constant velocity


Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: (b) Positive acceleration


Explanation / āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: Speed is increasing, so acceleration is positive. (āĻ—āϤāĻŋ āĻŦ⧃āĻĻā§āϧāĻŋ āĻĒāĻžāχāϛ⧇, āϏ⧇āϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻ¤ā§āĻŦā§°āĻŖ āϧāύāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻ•āĨ¤)


3. A bike slows down from 10 m/s to 4 m/s. This is: (ā§Š. āĻāĻ–āύ āĻŦāĻžāχāϕ⧰ āĻ—āϤāĻŋ 10 m/s ā§° āĻĒā§°āĻž 4 m/s āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āχ āĻ•āĻŋ ?)

(a) Positive acceleration  (b) Zero acceleration   (c) Negative acceleration  (d) Constant acceleration


Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: (c) Negative acceleration


Explanation / āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: Speed is decreasing, so acceleration is negative. (āĻ—āϤāĻŋ āĻ•āĻŽāĻŋ āĻ—ā§ˆāϛ⧇, āϏ⧇āϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻ¤ā§āĻŦā§°āĻŖ āĻ‹āĻŖāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻ•āĨ¤)


4. Another name for negative acceleration is: (ā§Ē. āĻ‹āĻŖāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻ• āĻ¤ā§āĻŦā§°āĻŖā§° āφāύ āĻāϟāĻž āύāĻžāĻŽ āĻ•āĻŋ ?)

(a) Motion   (b) Velocity   (c) Deceleration   (d) Displacement


Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: (c) Deceleration


5. A car moves at the same speed but changes direction. What happens ? (ā§Ģ. āĻāĻ–āύ āĻ—āĻžāĻĄāĻŧā§€ āĻāϕ⧇āχ āĻ—āϤāĻŋāϤ āĻ—āϤāĻŋ āϕ⧰⧇ āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁ āĻĻāĻŋāĻļ āϏāϞāύāĻŋ āϕ⧰⧇āĨ¤ āĻ•āĻŋ āĻšāϝāĻŧ ?)

(a) No acceleration    (b) Acceleration exists   (c) Velocity becomes zero   (d) Speed becomes zero


Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: (b) Acceleration exists


Explanation / āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: Direction changes, so velocity changes. Therefore, acceleration exists. (āĻĻāĻŋāĻļ āϏāϞāύāĻŋ āĻšā§ˆāϛ⧇, āϏ⧇āϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻŦ⧇āĻ— āϏāϞāύāĻŋ āĻšā§ˆāϛ⧇āĨ¤ āĻ—āϤāĻŋāϕ⧇ āĻ¤ā§āĻŦā§°āĻŖ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇āĨ¤)


6. Which of the following shows positive acceleration ? (ā§Ŧ. āϤāϞ⧰ āϕ⧋āύāĻŸā§‹ āϧāύāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻ• āĻ¤ā§āĻŦā§°āĻŖ āĻĻ⧇āĻ–ā§ā§ąāĻžāϝāĻŧ ?)

(a) 10 m/s → 5 m/s  (b) 5 m/s → 10 m/s  (c) 8 m/s → 8 m/s  (d) Object at rest


Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: (b) 5 m/s → 10 m/s


7. Which of the following shows negative acceleration ? (ā§­. āϤāϞ⧰ āϕ⧋āύāĻŸā§‹ āĻ‹āĻŖāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻ• āĻ¤ā§āĻŦā§°āĻŖ āĻĻ⧇āĻ–ā§ā§ąāĻžāϝāĻŧ ?)

(a) 4 m/s → 12 m/s   (b) 10 m/s → 20 m/s   (c) 15 m/s → 5 m/s  (d) 8 m/s → 8 m/s


Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: (c) 15 m/s → 5 m/s


8. An object moves in a circle at constant speed. It has: ā§Ž. āϕ⧋āύ⧋ āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āϤ⧁ āĻŦ⧃āĻ¤ā§āϤ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻĒāĻĨāϤ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋā§° āĻ—āϤāĻŋāϤ āĻ—āϤāĻŋ āϕ⧰⧇āĨ¤ āχāϝāĻŧāĻžā§° -

(a) No acceleration  (b) Positive acceleration only   (c) Negative acceleration only   (d) Acceleration


Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: (d) Acceleration


Explanation / āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: Its direction keeps changing, so acceleration exists. (āχāϝāĻŧāĻžā§° āĻĻāĻŋāĻļ āϏāĻĻāĻžāϝāĻŧ āϏāϞāύāĻŋ āĻšā§ˆ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇, āϏ⧇āϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻ¤ā§āĻŦā§°āĻŖ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇āĨ¤)


9. If both speed and direction remain constant, acceleration is: (⧝. āϝāĻĻāĻŋ āĻ—āϤāĻŋ āφ⧰⧁ āĻĻāĻŋāĻļ āĻĻ⧁āϝāĻŧā§‹āϟāĻžāχ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋā§° āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇, āϤ⧇āĻ¨ā§āϤ⧇ āĻ¤ā§āĻŦā§°āĻŖ āĻ•āĻŋāĻŽāĻžāύ ?)

(a) Positive   (b) Negative   (c) Zero   (d) Infinite


Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: (c) Zero


Explanation / āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: No change in velocity means no acceleration. (āĻŦ⧇āĻ— āϏāϞāύāĻŋ āύāĻš'āϞ⧇ āĻ¤ā§āĻŦā§°āĻŖ āύāĻžāĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇āĨ¤)


10. Which statement is correct ? (ā§§ā§Ļ. āϕ⧋āύāĻŸā§‹ āωāĻ•ā§āϤāĻŋ āϏāĻ āĻŋāĻ• ?)

(a) Acceleration occurs only when speed increases.  (b) Acceleration occurs only when speed decreases.
(c) Acceleration occurs when speed or direction changes.   (d) Acceleration and velocity are the same.


Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: (c) Acceleration occurs when speed or direction changes.


Explanation / āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: Any change in speed or direction causes acceleration. (āĻ—āϤāĻŋ āĻŦāĻž āĻĻāĻŋāĻļā§° āϝāĻŋāϕ⧋āύ⧋ āĻĒā§°āĻŋāĻŦā§°ā§āϤāύ⧇ āĻ¤ā§āĻŦā§°āĻŖ āϏ⧃āĻˇā§āϟāĻŋ āϕ⧰⧇āĨ¤)