Subtraction (āĻŦāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§‹āĻ—) – Concepts and Examples


Definition / āϏāĻ‚āĻœā§āĻžāĻž : Subtraction means taking one number away from another number. (āĻŦāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§‹āĻ— āĻŽāĻžāύ⧇ āĻāϟāĻž āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻžā§° āĻĒā§°āĻž āφāύ āĻāϟāĻž āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻž āĻ•āĻŽā§‹ā§ąāĻžāĨ¤)


Rules / āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻŽāϏāĻŽā§‚āĻš


1. Placement (āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ āύāĻŋā§°ā§āϧāĻžā§°āĻŖ) : Write the larger number on top and the smaller number below it. (āĻĄāĻžāϙ⧰ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻžāĻŸā§‹ āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āφ⧰⧁ āϏ⧰⧁ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻžāĻŸā§‹ āϤāϞāϤ āϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻ•āĨ¤)


2. Start Right(āϏ⧋āρāĻĢāĻžāϞ⧰ āĻĒā§°āĻž āφ⧰āĻŽā§āĻ­ āϕ⧰āĻ•) : Begin subtracting from the Units place. (āĻāĻ•āĻ• āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ⧰ āĻĒā§°āĻž āĻŦāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§‹āĻ— āφ⧰āĻŽā§āĻ­ āϕ⧰āĻ•āĨ¤)


3. Borrowing(āϧāĻžā§° āĻ˛ā§‹ā§ąāĻž) : If the top number is smaller than the bottom number, borrow from the next place value to the left. (āĻ“āĻĒā§°ā§° āĻ…āĻ‚āĻ•āĻŸā§‹ āϤāϞ⧰ āĻ…āĻ‚āĻ•āϤāĻ•ā§ˆ āϏ⧰⧁ āĻš'āϞ⧇ āĻŦāĻžāĻ“āρāĻĢāĻžāϞ⧰ āĻĒā§°ā§ąā§°ā§āϤ⧀ āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ⧰ āĻĒā§°āĻž ā§§ āϧāĻžā§° āϞāĻ“āĻ•āĨ¤)


4. Calculate(āĻšāĻŋāϚāĻžāĻĒ āϕ⧰āĻ•) : Subtract each column to find the final difference. (āĻĒā§ā§°āϤāĻŋāĻŸā§‹ āĻ¸ā§āϤāĻŽā§āĻ­ āĻŦāĻŋāϝāĻŧā§‹āĻ— āϕ⧰āĻŋ āĻšā§‚āĻĄāĻŧāĻžāĻ¨ā§āϤ āĻĒāĻžā§°ā§āĻĨāĻ•ā§āϝ (Difference) āωāϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ“āĻ•āĨ¤)


Example / āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšā§°āĻŖ : 225 − 171 = 54


1st: Units (āĻāĻ•āĻ•) : 5 − 1 = 4
2nd: Tens (āĻĻāĻšāĻ•) : 2 − 7 is not possible.
So, borrow 1 from the Hundreds place.
The Hundreds digit 2 becomes 1, and the Tens digit 2 becomes 12.
Now, 12 − 7 = 5
3rd: Hundreds (āĻļāϤāĻ•)
1 − 1 = 0
225
- 171
-----
54
Ans = 54