Multiplication (āϗ⧁āĻŖ) - Concepts and Examples


Definition / āϏāĻ‚āĻœā§āĻžāĻž : Multiplication is the process of repeated addition of the same number. (āϗ⧁āĻŖ āĻšā§ˆāϛ⧇ āĻāϕ⧇ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻžāĻ• āĻŦāĻžā§°ā§‡ āĻŦāĻžā§°ā§‡ āϝ⧋āĻ— āϕ⧰āĻžā§° āĻĒāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻŋāĨ¤)


Example / āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšā§°āĻŖ : 4 × 3


Means adding 4 three times. (āĻ…ā§°ā§āĻĨāĻžā§Ž ā§ĒāĻ• āϤāĻŋāύāĻŋāĻŦāĻžā§° āϝ⧋āĻ— āϕ⧰āĻžāĨ¤) : 4 + 4 + 4 = 12


Therefore, 4 × 3 = 12


Neouta (āύ⧇āĻ“āϤāĻž) : It is very important for children to learn and memorize tables from 1 to 20. (āĻļāĻŋāĻļ⧁āϏāĻ•āϞ⧇ ā§§ā§° āĻĒā§°āĻž ⧍ā§ĻāϞ⧈āϕ⧇ āύ⧇āĻ“āϤāĻž āĻŽā§āĻ–āĻ¸ā§āĻĨ āϕ⧰āĻž āĻ…āϤāĻŋ āϗ⧁⧰⧁āĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§‚ā§°ā§āĻŖāĨ¤)


Rules / āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻŽāϏāĻŽā§‚āĻš


1.Place Value (āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻŽāĻžāύ) : Write the numbers according to their place values. (āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻžāĻŦā§‹ā§° āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻŽāĻžāύ āĻ…āύ⧁āϏ⧰āĻŋ āϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻ•āĨ¤)


2. Start from the Right (āϏ⧋āρāĻĢāĻžāϞ⧰ āĻĒā§°āĻž āφ⧰āĻŽā§āĻ­ āϕ⧰āĻ•) : Begin multiplication from the Units place. (āĻāĻ•āĻ• āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāύ⧰ āĻĒā§°āĻž āϗ⧁āĻŖ āφ⧰āĻŽā§āĻ­ āϕ⧰āĻ•āĨ¤)


3. Carry Forward (āĻšāĻžāϤāϤ āĻ˛ā§‹ā§ąāĻž) : If the product is greater than 9, write the Units digit and carry the Tens digit. (āϗ⧁āĻŖāĻĢāϞ ⧝āϤāĻ•ā§ˆ āĻĄāĻžāϙ⧰ āĻš'āϞ⧇ āĻāĻ•āĻ• āĻ…āĻ‚āĻ•āĻŸā§‹ āϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻŋ āĻĻāĻšāĻ• āĻ…āĻ‚āĻ•āĻŸā§‹ āĻšāĻžāϤāϤ āϞāĻ“āĻ•āĨ¤)


4. Complete (āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒā§‚ā§°ā§āĻŖ āϕ⧰āĻ•): Continue until all digits are multiplied. (āϏāĻ•āϞ⧋ āĻ…āĻ‚āĻ• āϗ⧁āĻŖ āύ⧋āĻšā§‹ā§ąāĻžāϞ⧈āϕ⧇ āĻāϕ⧇āχ āĻĒāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻŋ āĻ…āύ⧁āϏ⧰āĻŖ āϕ⧰āĻ•āĨ¤)


Example / āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšā§°āĻŖ: 321 × 4


Units (āĻāĻ•āĻ•): 4 × 1 = 4, Write 4. (ā§Ē āϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻ•āĨ¤)


Tens (āĻĻāĻšāĻ•): 4 × 2 = 8, Write 8. (ā§Ž āϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻ•āĨ¤)


Hundreds (āĻļāϤāĻ•): 4 × 3 = 12, Write 12. (⧧⧍ āϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻ•āĨ¤)


321 x 4 = 1284


Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰ = 1284


Example / āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšā§°āĻŖ:  321 × 9 = ?


Units (āĻāĻ•āĻ•) : 9 × 1 = 9, Write 9. (⧝ āϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻ•āĨ¤)


Tens (āĻĻāĻšāĻ•) : 9 × 2 = 18, Write 8 and carry 1. (ā§Ž āϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻ• āφ⧰⧁ ā§§ āĻšāĻžāϤāϤ āϞāĻ“āĻ•āĨ¤)


Hundreds (āĻļāϤāĻ•) : 9 × 3 = 27, 27 + 1 (carry) = 28, Write 28. (ā§¨ā§Ž āϞāĻŋāĻ–āĻ•āĨ¤)


 














    321
× 9
------
2889










 




 


Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰ = 2889