Multiplication (āĻā§āĻŖ) - Concepts and Examples
Definition / āϏāĻāĻā§āĻāĻž : Multiplication is the process of repeated addition of the same number. (āĻā§āĻŖ āĻšā§āĻā§ āĻāĻā§ āϏāĻāĻā§āϝāĻžāĻ āĻŦāĻžā§°ā§ āĻŦāĻžā§°ā§ āϝā§āĻ āĻā§°āĻžā§° āĻĒāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻŋāĨ¤)
Example / āĻāĻĻāĻžāĻšā§°āĻŖ : 4 × 3
Means adding 4 three times. (āĻ ā§°ā§āĻĨāĻžā§ ā§ĒāĻ āϤāĻŋāύāĻŋāĻŦāĻžā§° āϝā§āĻ āĻā§°āĻžāĨ¤) : 4 + 4 + 4 = 12
Therefore, 4 × 3 = 12
Neouta (āύā§āĻāϤāĻž) : It is very important for children to learn and memorize tables from 1 to 20. (āĻļāĻŋāĻļā§āϏāĻāϞ⧠⧧⧰ āĻĒā§°āĻž ⧍ā§ĻāϞā§āĻā§ āύā§āĻāϤāĻž āĻŽā§āĻāϏā§āĻĨ āĻā§°āĻž āĻ āϤāĻŋ āĻā§ā§°ā§āϤā§āĻŦāĻĒā§ā§°ā§āĻŖāĨ¤)
Rules / āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻŽāϏāĻŽā§āĻš
1.Place Value (āϏā§āĻĨāĻžāύā§āϝāĻŧ āĻŽāĻžāύ) : Write the numbers according to their place values. (āϏāĻāĻā§āϝāĻžāĻŦā§ā§° āϏā§āĻĨāĻžāύā§āϝāĻŧ āĻŽāĻžāύ āĻ āύā§āϏ⧰āĻŋ āϞāĻŋāĻāĻāĨ¤)
2. Start from the Right (āϏā§āĻāĻĢāĻžāϞ⧰ āĻĒā§°āĻž āĻā§°āĻŽā§āĻ āĻā§°āĻ) : Begin multiplication from the Units place. (āĻāĻāĻ āϏā§āĻĨāĻžāύ⧰ āĻĒā§°āĻž āĻā§āĻŖ āĻā§°āĻŽā§āĻ āĻā§°āĻāĨ¤)
3. Carry Forward (āĻšāĻžāϤāϤ āϞā§ā§ąāĻž) : If the product is greater than 9, write the Units digit and carry the Tens digit. (āĻā§āĻŖāĻĢāϞ ⧝āϤāĻā§ āĻĄāĻžāĻā§° āĻš'āϞ⧠āĻāĻāĻ āĻ āĻāĻāĻā§ āϞāĻŋāĻāĻŋ āĻĻāĻšāĻ āĻ āĻāĻāĻā§ āĻšāĻžāϤāϤ āϞāĻāĻāĨ¤)
4. Complete (āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒā§ā§°ā§āĻŖ āĻā§°āĻ): Continue until all digits are multiplied. (āϏāĻāϞ⧠āĻ āĻāĻ āĻā§āĻŖ āύā§āĻšā§ā§ąāĻžāϞā§āĻā§ āĻāĻā§āĻ āĻĒāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻŋ āĻ āύā§āϏ⧰āĻŖ āĻā§°āĻāĨ¤)
Example / āĻāĻĻāĻžāĻšā§°āĻŖ: 321 × 4
Units (āĻāĻāĻ): 4 × 1 = 4, Write 4. (ā§Ē āϞāĻŋāĻāĻāĨ¤)
Tens (āĻĻāĻšāĻ): 4 × 2 = 8, Write 8. (ā§Ž āϞāĻŋāĻāĻāĨ¤)
Hundreds (āĻļāϤāĻ): 4 × 3 = 12, Write 12. (⧧⧍ āϞāĻŋāĻāĻāĨ¤)
321 x 4 = 1284
Ans / āĻāϤā§āϤ⧰ = 1284
Example / āĻāĻĻāĻžāĻšā§°āĻŖ: 321 × 9 = ?
Units (āĻāĻāĻ) : 9 × 1 = 9, Write 9. (⧝ āϞāĻŋāĻāĻāĨ¤)
Tens (āĻĻāĻšāĻ) : 9 × 2 = 18, Write 8 and carry 1. (ā§Ž āϞāĻŋāĻāĻ āĻā§°ā§ ā§§ āĻšāĻžāϤāϤ āϞāĻāĻāĨ¤)
Hundreds (āĻļāϤāĻ) : 9 × 3 = 27, 27 + 1 (carry) = 28, Write 28. (ā§¨ā§Ž āϞāĻŋāĻāĻāĨ¤)
321
× 9
------
2889
Ans / āĻāϤā§āϤ⧰ = 2889