Competive Exam Math 4


Q. If the average of 16 consecutive even numbers is 482, find the difference between the first and the last number. (āϝāĻĻāĻŋ ā§§ā§ŦāϟāĻž āĻāϕ⧇⧰āĻžāĻšā§‡ āĻĨāĻ•āĻž āϝ⧁āĻ—ā§āĻŽ (Even) āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻžā§° āĻ—āĻĄāĻŧ ā§Ēā§Žā§¨ āĻšāϝāĻŧ, āϤ⧇āĻ¨ā§āϤ⧇ āĻĒā§ā§°āĻĨāĻŽ āφ⧰⧁ āĻļ⧇āώ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻžā§° āĻŽāĻžāϜ⧰ āĻĒāĻžā§°ā§āĻĨāĻ•ā§āϝ āύāĻŋā§°ā§āĻŖāϝāĻŧ āϕ⧰āĻ•āĨ¤)


Options / āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāϏāĻŽā§‚āĻš: A) 26  B) 28  C) 30  D) 32


Trick


Formula / āϏ⧂āĻ¤ā§ā§° : Difference = (n − 1) × d 


Where / āϝ'āϤ,



  • n = Total numbers (āĻŽā§āĻ  āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻž) = 16

  • d = Common difference (āϏāĻžāϧāĻžā§°āĻŖ āĻĒāĻžā§°ā§āĻĨāĻ•ā§āϝ) = 2 (Even numbers / āϝ⧁āĻ—ā§āĻŽ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻžā§° āĻŦāĻžāĻŦ⧇)


= (16 - 1) × 2 = 15 × 2 = 30


Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: C) 30


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Q. If the average of 21 consecutive even numbers is 231, find the difference between the first and the last number. (āϝāĻĻāĻŋ ⧍⧧āϟāĻž āĻāϕ⧇⧰āĻžāĻšā§‡ āĻĨāĻ•āĻž āϝ⧁āĻ—ā§āĻŽ (Even) āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻžā§° āĻ—āĻĄāĻŧ ā§¨ā§Šā§§ āĻšāϝāĻŧ, āϤ⧇āĻ¨ā§āϤ⧇ āĻĒā§ā§°āĻĨāĻŽ āφ⧰⧁ āĻļ⧇āώ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻžā§° āĻŽāĻžāϜ⧰ āĻĒāĻžā§°ā§āĻĨāĻ•ā§āϝ āύāĻŋā§°ā§āĻŖāϝāĻŧ āϕ⧰āĻ•āĨ¤)


Options / āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāϏāĻŽā§‚āĻš: A) 42  B) 41  C) 40  D) 38


Trick


Formula / āϏ⧂āĻ¤ā§ā§° : Difference = (n − 1) × d


Where / āϝ'āϤ: i. n = Total Numbers / āĻŽā§āĻ  āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻž = 21,  ii. d = Common Difference / āϏāĻžāϧāĻžā§°āĻŖ āĻĒāĻžā§°ā§āĻĨāĻ•ā§āϝ = 2 (Even Numbers / āϝ⧁āĻ—ā§āĻŽ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻž) = (21−1) × 2 =


Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: C) 40


Trick: Difference = (Number of Terms − 1) × Common Difference  : āĻĒāĻžā§°ā§āĻĨāĻ•ā§āϝ = (āĻŽā§āĻ  āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻž − ā§§) × āϏāĻžāϧāĻžā§°āĻŖ āĻĒāĻžā§°ā§āĻĨāĻ•ā§āϝ



  • Consecutive Numbers / āĻāϕ⧇⧰āĻžāĻšā§‡ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻž → d = 1

  • Consecutive Even Numbers / āĻāϕ⧇⧰āĻžāĻšā§‡ āϝ⧁āĻ—ā§āĻŽ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻž → d = 2

  • Consecutive Odd Numbers / āĻāϕ⧇⧰āĻžāĻšā§‡ āĻ…āϝ⧁āĻ—ā§āĻŽ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻž → d = 2


Golden Rule: Average is not required when only the difference between the first and last consecutive numbers is asked. (āϝāĻĻāĻŋ āĻ•ā§‡ā§ąāϞ āĻĒā§ā§°āĻĨāĻŽ āφ⧰⧁ āĻļ⧇āώ āĻāϕ⧇⧰āĻžāĻšā§‡ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻžā§° āĻĒāĻžā§°ā§āĻĨāĻ•ā§āϝ āϏ⧋āϧāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ, āϤ⧇āĻ¨ā§āϤ⧇ Average (āĻ—āĻĄāĻŧ)-ā§° āĻĒā§ā§°āϝāĻŧā§‹āϜāύ āύāĻšāϝāĻŧ)


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Q. Which of the following numbers is divisible by 117 ? āĻĒā§ā§°āĻļā§āύ: āϤāϞ⧰ āϕ⧋āύāĻŸā§‹ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻž 117 āĻĻā§āĻŦāĻžā§°āĻž āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻœā§āϝ ?


Options / āĻŦāĻŋāĻ•āĻ˛ā§āĻĒāϏāĻŽā§‚āĻš: (A) 7257  (B) 7839  (C) 7359  (D) 7923


Trick / āϏāĻšāϜ āĻŸā§ā§°āĻŋāĻ•


117 = 9 × 13


A number is divisible by 117 only if it is divisible by both 9 and 13. 117 = 9 × 13, āϏ⧇āϝāĻŧ⧇ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻžāĻŸā§‹ 9 āφ⧰⧁ 13 āĻĻ⧁āϝāĻŧā§‹āϟāĻžā§°ā§‡ āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻžāĻœā§āϝ āĻš'āĻŦ āϞāĻžāĻ—āĻŋāĻŦāĨ¤


Check the options:



  • 7257 : Not divisible by 13

  • 7839 : Not divisible by 13

  • 7359 : Divisible by 9 and 13

  • 7923 : Not divisible by 9


Therefore, 7359 ÷ 117 = 63


Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: (C) 7359


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Q. A clock strikes 5 times in 5 seconds. How many seconds will it take to strike 10 times ? āĻĒā§ā§°āĻļā§āύ: āĻāĻ–āύ āϘāĻĄāĻŧā§€āϝāĻŧ⧇ 5 āϛ⧇āϕ⧇āĻŖā§āĻĄāϤ 5 āĻŦāĻžā§° āϘāĻŖā§āϟāĻž āĻŦāϜāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ 10 āĻŦāĻžā§° āϘāĻŖā§āϟāĻž āĻŦāϜāĻžāĻŦāϞ⧈ āĻ•āĻŋāĻŽāĻžāύ āϛ⧇āϕ⧇āĻŖā§āĻĄ āϞāĻžāĻ—āĻŋāĻŦ ?


A) 10.50 sec  B) 11.25 sec  C) 20.25 sec  D) 15.50 sec


Solution / āϏāĻŽāĻžāϧāĻžāύ


5 strikes make 4 gaps. (5 āĻŦāĻžā§° āϘāĻŖā§āϟāĻž āĻŦāϜāĻžāϞ⧇ 4āϟāĻž Gap āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤)



Therefore, 1 Gap = 5 ÷ 4 = 1.25 sec (āϏ⧇āϝāĻŧ⧇, 1āϟāĻž Gap = 5 ÷ 4 = 1.25 āϛ⧇āϕ⧇āĻŖā§āĻĄ)


For 10 strikes: 10 āĻŦāĻžā§° āϘāĻŖā§āϟāĻž āĻŦāϜāĻžāϞ⧇:



Time (āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ) = 9 × 1.25 = 11.25 sec (āϛ⧇āϕ⧇āĻŖā§āĻĄ)


Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: B) 11.25 sec


Trick / āĻŸā§ā§°āĻŋāĻ•



Here / āχāϝāĻŧāĻžāϤ:



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Practice Set Consecutive Numbers (āĻāϕ⧇⧰āĻžāĻšā§‡ āĻĨāĻ•āĻž āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻž)


Q1. If the average of 18 consecutive even numbers is 125, find the difference between the first and the last number. (āϝāĻĻāĻŋ ā§§ā§ŽāϟāĻž āĻāϕ⧇⧰āĻžāĻšā§‡ āĻĨāĻ•āĻž āϝ⧁āĻ—ā§āĻŽ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻžā§° āĻ—āĻĄāĻŧ 125 āĻšāϝāĻŧ, āϤ⧇āĻ¨ā§āϤ⧇ āĻĒā§ā§°āĻĨāĻŽ āφ⧰⧁ āĻļ⧇āώ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻžā§° āĻŽāĻžāϜ⧰ āĻĒāĻžā§°ā§āĻĨāĻ•ā§āϝ āύāĻŋā§°ā§āĻŖāϝāĻŧ āϕ⧰āĻ•āĨ¤)


A) 32 B) 34 C) 36 D) 38


Q2. If the average of 25 consecutive odd numbers is 301, find the difference between the first and the last number. (āϝāĻĻāĻŋ ⧍ā§ĢāϟāĻž āĻāϕ⧇⧰āĻžāĻšā§‡ āĻĨāĻ•āĻž āĻ…āϝ⧁āĻ—ā§āĻŽ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻžā§° āĻ—āĻĄāĻŧ 301 āĻšāϝāĻŧ, āϤ⧇āĻ¨ā§āϤ⧇ āĻĒā§ā§°āĻĨāĻŽ āφ⧰⧁ āĻļ⧇āώ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻžā§° āĻŽāĻžāϜ⧰ āĻĒāĻžā§°ā§āĻĨāĻ•ā§āϝ āύāĻŋā§°ā§āĻŖāϝāĻŧ āϕ⧰āĻ•āĨ¤)


A) 46 B) 48 C) 50 D) 52


Q3. If the average of 31 consecutive natural numbers is 250, find the difference between the first and the last number. (āϝāĻĻāĻŋ ā§Šā§§āϟāĻž āĻāϕ⧇⧰āĻžāĻšā§‡ āĻĨāĻ•āĻž āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ­āĻžā§ąāĻŋāĻ• āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻžā§° āĻ—āĻĄāĻŧ 250 āĻšāϝāĻŧ, āϤ⧇āĻ¨ā§āϤ⧇ āĻĒā§ā§°āĻĨāĻŽ āφ⧰⧁ āĻļ⧇āώ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻžā§° āĻŽāĻžāϜ⧰ āĻĒāĻžā§°ā§āĻĨāĻ•ā§āϝ āύāĻŋā§°ā§āĻŖāϝāĻŧ āϕ⧰āĻ•āĨ¤)


A) 28 B) 30 C) 32 D) 34


Q4. If the average of 14 consecutive even numbers is 200, find the difference between the first and the last number. (āϝāĻĻāĻŋ ā§§ā§ĒāϟāĻž āĻāϕ⧇⧰āĻžāĻšā§‡ āĻĨāĻ•āĻž āϝ⧁āĻ—ā§āĻŽ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻžā§° āĻ—āĻĄāĻŧ 200 āĻšāϝāĻŧ, āϤ⧇āĻ¨ā§āϤ⧇ āĻĒā§ā§°āĻĨāĻŽ āφ⧰⧁ āĻļ⧇āώ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻžā§° āĻŽāĻžāϜ⧰ āĻĒāĻžā§°ā§āĻĨāĻ•ā§āϝ āύāĻŋā§°ā§āĻŖāϝāĻŧ āϕ⧰āĻ•āĨ¤)


A) 24 B) 26 C) 28 D) 30


Q5. If the average of 17 consecutive odd numbers is 145, find the difference between the first and the last number. (āϝāĻĻāĻŋ ā§§ā§­āϟāĻž āĻāϕ⧇⧰āĻžāĻšā§‡ āĻĨāĻ•āĻž āĻ…āϝ⧁āĻ—ā§āĻŽ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻžā§° āĻ—āĻĄāĻŧ 145 āĻšāϝāĻŧ, āϤ⧇āĻ¨ā§āϤ⧇ āĻĒā§ā§°āĻĨāĻŽ āφ⧰⧁ āĻļ⧇āώ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻžā§° āĻŽāĻžāϜ⧰ āĻĒāĻžā§°ā§āĻĨāĻ•ā§āϝ āύāĻŋā§°ā§āĻŖāϝāĻŧ āϕ⧰āĻ•āĨ¤)


A) 30 B) 32 C) 34 D) 36


Q6. The average of 20 consecutive even numbers is 251. Find the sum of the first and last numbers. (⧍ā§ĻāϟāĻž āĻāϕ⧇⧰āĻžāĻšā§‡ āĻĨāĻ•āĻž āϝ⧁āĻ—ā§āĻŽ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻžā§° āĻ—āĻĄāĻŧ 251āĨ¤ āĻĒā§ā§°āĻĨāĻŽ āφ⧰⧁ āĻļ⧇āώ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻžā§° āϝ⧋āĻ—āĻĢāϞ āύāĻŋā§°ā§āĻŖāϝāĻŧ āϕ⧰āĻ•āĨ¤)


A) 500 B) 502 C) 504 D) 506


Q7.  The average of 19 consecutive odd numbers is 150. Find the first number. (⧧⧝āϟāĻž āĻāϕ⧇⧰āĻžāĻšā§‡ āĻĨāĻ•āĻž āĻ…āϝ⧁āĻ—ā§āĻŽ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻžā§° āĻ—āĻĄāĻŧ 150āĨ¤ āĻĒā§ā§°āĻĨāĻŽ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻžāĻŸā§‹ āύāĻŋā§°ā§āĻŖāϝāĻŧ āϕ⧰āĻ•āĨ¤)


A) 132 B) 130 C) 134 D) 136


Q8. The average of 24 consecutive even numbers is 155. Find the last number. (⧍ā§ĒāϟāĻž āĻāϕ⧇⧰āĻžāĻšā§‡ āĻĨāĻ•āĻž āϝ⧁āĻ—ā§āĻŽ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻžā§° āĻ—āĻĄāĻŧ 155āĨ¤ āĻļ⧇āώ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻžāĻŸā§‹ āύāĻŋā§°ā§āĻŖāϝāĻŧ āϕ⧰āĻ•āĨ¤)


A) 176 B) 178 C) 180 D) 182


Q9. Four consecutive even numbers have an average of 87. Find their product. (ā§ĒāϟāĻž āĻāϕ⧇⧰āĻžāĻšā§‡ āĻĨāĻ•āĻž āϝ⧁āĻ—ā§āĻŽ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻžā§° āĻ—āĻĄāĻŧ 87āĨ¤ āϏāĻŋāĻšāρāϤ⧰ āϗ⧁āĻŖāĻĢāϞ āύāĻŋā§°ā§āĻŖāϝāĻŧ āϕ⧰āĻ•āĨ¤)


A) 55,845,600 B) 56,150,640 C) 57,152,640 D) 58,251,360


Q10. The average of 15 consecutive integers is 48. Find the difference between the product of the first and last numbers and the square of the middle number. (ā§§ā§ĢāϟāĻž āĻāϕ⧇⧰āĻžāĻšā§‡ āĻĨāĻ•āĻž āĻĒā§‚ā§°ā§āĻŖ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻžā§° āĻ—āĻĄāĻŧ 48āĨ¤ āĻĒā§ā§°āĻĨāĻŽ āφ⧰⧁ āĻļ⧇āώ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻžā§° āϗ⧁āĻŖāĻĢāϞ āφ⧰⧁ āĻŽāĻžāϜ⧰ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻžā§° āĻŦā§°ā§āĻ—ā§° āĻŽāĻžāϜ⧰ āĻĒāĻžā§°ā§āĻĨāĻ•ā§āϝ āύāĻŋā§°ā§āĻŖāϝāĻŧ āϕ⧰āĻ•āĨ¤)


A) −49 B) −64 C) −36 D) −25


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