Element / āĻŽā§āϞ: Gallium (Ga) / āĻā§āϝāĻžāϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ (Ga)
Atomic Number / āĻĒā§°āĻŽāĻžāĻŖā§ āϏāĻāĻā§āϝāĻž: 31 / ā§Šā§§
Nature / āĻĒā§ā§°āĻā§āϤāĻŋ: Metal / āϧāĻžāϤā§
Note: Gallium is a soft metal that can melt in your hand because of its low melting point. (āĻā§āϝāĻžāϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻāĻāĻž āĻā§āĻŽāϞ āϧāĻžāϤā§āĨ¤ āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžā§° āĻāϞāύāĻžāĻāĻ āĻāĻŽ āĻšā§ā§ąāĻžā§° āĻŦāĻžāĻŦā§ āĻšāĻžāϤ⧰ āϤāĻžāĻĒāϤā§āĻ āĻāϞāĻŋ āϝāĻžāĻŦ āĻĒāĻžā§°ā§āĨ¤)
Points / āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧāϏāĻŽā§āĻš
Soft metal / āĻā§āĻŽāϞ āϧāĻžāϤā§
Low melting point / āĻāĻŽ āĻāϞāύāĻžāĻāĻ
Can melt in your hand / āĻšāĻžāϤ⧰ āϤāĻžāĻĒāϤā§āĻ āĻāϞāĻŋ āϝāĻžāĻŦ āĻĒāĻžā§°ā§
Used in electronics / āĻāϞā§āĻā§āĻā§ā§°āύāĻŋāĻ āϏāĻžāĻŽāĻā§ā§°ā§ āϤā§āϝāĻŧāĻžā§° āĻā§°āĻŋāĻŦāϞ⧠āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻšāϝāĻŧ
Used in semiconductors / āĻ ā§°ā§āϧ-āĻĒā§°āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ (Semiconductors)-āϤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻšāϝāĻŧ
Used in LEDs / LED āϞāĻžāĻāĻāϤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻšāϝāĻŧ
Why is Gallium Important ? / āĻā§āϝāĻžāϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧ āĻā§ā§°ā§āϤā§āĻŦāĻĒā§ā§°ā§āĻŖ ?
Used in electronic devices / āĻāϞā§āĻā§āĻā§ā§°āύāĻŋāĻ āϝāύā§āϤā§ā§°āϤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻšāϝāĻŧ
Used in semiconductors / āĻ ā§°ā§āϧ-āĻĒā§°āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ āϤā§āϝāĻŧāĻžā§° āĻā§°āĻŋāĻŦāϞ⧠āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻšāϝāĻŧ
Used in LEDs / LED āϞāĻžāĻāĻāϤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻšāϝāĻŧ
Fact / āϤāĻĨā§āϝ: Gallium can melt at near room temperature and even melt in your palm because of body heat. (āĻā§āϝāĻžāϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻā§āĻ āĻžā§° āϤāĻžāĻĒāĻŽāĻžāϤā§ā§°āĻžā§° āĻāĻā§°āϤ āĻāϞāĻŋ āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ āĻā§°ā§ āĻšāĻžāϤ⧰ āϤāĻžāĻĒāϤā§āĻ āĻāϞāĻŋ āϝāĻžāĻŦ āĻĒāĻžā§°ā§āĨ¤)
MCQs
1. What is the atomic number of Gallium (Ga) ? / āĻā§āϝāĻžāϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ (Ga)-ā§° āĻĒā§°āĻŽāĻžāĻŖā§ āϏāĻāĻā§āϝāĻž āĻāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāύ ? A) 30 B) 32 C) 31 D) 33 Ans / āĻāϤā§āϤ⧰: C) 31 Explanation: Gallium has 31 protons, so its atomic number is 31. āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻž: āĻā§āϝāĻžāϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽā§° ā§Šā§§āĻāĻž āĻĒā§ā§°āĻāύ āĻĨāĻžāĻā§, āϏā§āϝāĻŧā§āĻšā§ āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžā§° āĻĒā§°āĻŽāĻžāĻŖā§ āϏāĻāĻā§āϝāĻž ā§Šā§§āĨ¤
2. Gallium is a ________. / āĻā§āϝāĻžāϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻāĻāĻž ________āĨ¤ A) Non-metal B) Gas C) Metal D) Liquid Ans / āĻāϤā§āϤ⧰: C) Metal (āϧāĻžāϤā§) Explanation: Gallium is a soft metal. āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻž: āĻā§āϝāĻžāϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻāĻāĻž āĻā§āĻŽāϞ āϧāĻžāϤā§āĨ¤
3. Why can gallium melt in your hand? / āĻā§āϝāĻžāϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻšāĻžāϤāϤ āĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧ āĻāϞāĻŋ āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ? A) It is very hot B) It reacts with skin C) It has a low melting point D) It is a gas Ans / āĻāϤā§āϤ⧰: C) It has a low melting point (āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžā§° āĻāϞāύāĻžāĻāĻ āĻāĻŽ) Explanation: Gallium melts near room temperature, so body heat can melt it. āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻž: āĻā§āϝāĻžāϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽā§° āĻāϞāύāĻžāĻāĻ āĻāĻŽ, āϏā§āϝāĻŧā§āĻšā§ āĻšāĻžāϤ⧰ āϤāĻžāĻĒāϤā§āĻ āĻ āĻāϞāĻŋ āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤
4. Gallium is widely used in ________. / āĻā§āϝāĻžāϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻŦāĻšā§āϞāĻāĻžā§ąā§ āĻ'āϤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻšāϝāĻŧ? A) Clothing B) Paper C) Electronics D) Wood Ans / āĻāϤā§āϤ⧰: C) Electronics (āĻāϞā§āĻā§āĻā§ā§°āύāĻŋāĻ āϏāĻžāĻŽāĻā§ā§°ā§) Explanation: Gallium is used in many electronic devices. āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻž: āĻā§āϝāĻžāϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻŦāĻšā§ āĻāϞā§āĻā§āĻā§ā§°āύāĻŋāĻ āϝāύā§āϤā§ā§°āϤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤
5. Gallium is used to make ________. / āĻā§āϝāĻžāϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻā§°āĻŋ āĻāĻŋ āϤā§āϝāĻŧāĻžā§° āĻā§°āĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ? A) Rubber B) Glass C) Semiconductors and LEDs D) Cement Ans / āĻāϤā§āϤ⧰: C) Semiconductors and LEDs (āĻ ā§°ā§āϧ-āĻĒā§°āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ āĻā§°ā§ LED) Explanation: Gallium is an important material for semiconductors and LED lights. āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻž: āĻā§āϝāĻžāϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻ ā§°ā§āϧ-āĻĒā§°āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ āĻā§°ā§ LED āϞāĻžāĻāĻ āϤā§āϝāĻŧāĻžā§° āĻā§°āĻŋāĻŦāϞ⧠āĻ āϤāĻŋ āĻā§ā§°ā§āϤā§āĻŦāĻĒā§ā§°ā§āĻŖāĨ¤
6. How many electrons are present in a neutral gallium atom? / āĻāĻāĻž āύāĻŋā§°āĻĒā§āĻā§āώ āĻā§āϝāĻžāϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻĒā§°āĻŽāĻžāĻŖā§āϤ āĻāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāύāĻāĻž āĻāϞā§āĻā§āĻā§ā§°āύ āĻĨāĻžāĻā§? A) 30 B) 31 C) 32 D) 33 Ans / āĻāϤā§āϤ⧰: B) 31
Explanation: A neutral gallium atom has 31 electrons, equal to its protons. āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻž: āĻāĻāĻž āύāĻŋā§°āĻĒā§āĻā§āώ āĻā§āϝāĻžāϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻĒā§°āĻŽāĻžāĻŖā§āϤ ā§Šā§§āĻāĻž āĻāϞā§āĻā§āĻā§ā§°āύ āĻĨāĻžāĻā§, āϝāĻŋ āĻĒā§ā§°āĻāύ⧰ āϏāĻāĻā§āϝāĻžā§° āϏāĻŽāĻžāύāĨ¤