Element – 31: Gallium (Ga) | āĻŽā§ŒāϞ – ā§Šā§§: āĻ—ā§āϝāĻžāϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ (Ga)













Element – 31: Gallium (Ga) | āĻŽā§ŒāϞ – ā§Šā§§: āĻ—ā§āϝāĻžāϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ (Ga)



  • Element / āĻŽā§ŒāϞ: Gallium (Ga) / āĻ—ā§āϝāĻžāϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ (Ga)

  • Atomic Number / āĻĒā§°āĻŽāĻžāϪ⧁ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: 31 / ā§Šā§§

  • Nature / āĻĒā§ā§°āĻ•ā§ƒāϤāĻŋ: Metal / āϧāĻžāϤ⧁


Note: Gallium is a soft metal that can melt in your hand because of its low melting point.
(āĻ—ā§āϝāĻžāϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻāϟāĻž āϕ⧋āĻŽāϞ āϧāĻžāϤ⧁āĨ¤ āχāϝāĻŧāĻžā§° āĻ—āϞāύāĻžāĻ‚āĻ• āĻ•āĻŽ āĻšā§‹ā§ąāĻžā§° āĻŦāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻšāĻžāϤ⧰ āϤāĻžāĻĒāϤ⧇āχ āĻ—āϞāĻŋ āϝāĻžāĻŦ āĻĒāĻžā§°ā§‡āĨ¤)


Points / āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧāϏāĻŽā§‚āĻš



  • Soft metal / āϕ⧋āĻŽāϞ āϧāĻžāϤ⧁

  • Low melting point / āĻ•āĻŽ āĻ—āϞāύāĻžāĻ‚āĻ•

  • Can melt in your hand / āĻšāĻžāϤ⧰ āϤāĻžāĻĒāϤ⧇āχ āĻ—āϞāĻŋ āϝāĻžāĻŦ āĻĒāĻžā§°ā§‡

  • Used in electronics / āχāϞ⧇āĻ•ā§āĻŸā§ā§°āύāĻŋāĻ• āϏāĻžāĻŽāĻ—ā§ā§°ā§€ āϤ⧈āϝāĻŧāĻžā§° āϕ⧰āĻŋāĻŦāϞ⧈ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻšāϝāĻŧ

  • Used in semiconductors / āĻ…ā§°ā§āϧ-āĻĒā§°āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ• (Semiconductors)-āϤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻšāϝāĻŧ

  • Used in LEDs / LED āϞāĻžāχāϟāϤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻšāϝāĻŧ


Atomic Structure / āĻĒā§°āĻŽāĻžāϪ⧁⧰ āĻ—āĻ āύ



  • Protons / āĻĒā§ā§°āϟāύ: 31 (ā§Šā§§)

  • Electrons / āχāϞ⧇āĻ•ā§āĻŸā§ā§°āύ: 31 (ā§Šā§§)


Why is Gallium Important ? / āĻ—ā§āϝāĻžāϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻ•āĻŋāϝāĻŧ āϗ⧁⧰⧁āĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§‚ā§°ā§āĻŖ ?



  • Used in electronic devices / āχāϞ⧇āĻ•ā§āĻŸā§ā§°āύāĻŋāĻ• āϝāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ā§°āϤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻšāϝāĻŧ

  • Used in semiconductors / āĻ…ā§°ā§āϧ-āĻĒā§°āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ• āϤ⧈āϝāĻŧāĻžā§° āϕ⧰āĻŋāĻŦāϞ⧈ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻšāϝāĻŧ

  • Used in LEDs / LED āϞāĻžāχāϟāϤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻšāϝāĻŧ


Fact / āϤāĻĨā§āϝ: Gallium can melt at near room temperature and even melt in your palm because of body heat. (āĻ—ā§āϝāĻžāϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āϕ⧋āĻ āĻžā§° āϤāĻžāĻĒāĻŽāĻžāĻ¤ā§ā§°āĻžā§° āĻ“āϚ⧰āϤ āĻ—āϞāĻŋ āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ āφ⧰⧁ āĻšāĻžāϤ⧰ āϤāĻžāĻĒāϤ⧇āχ āĻ—āϞāĻŋ āϝāĻžāĻŦ āĻĒāĻžā§°ā§‡āĨ¤)


MCQs


1. What is the atomic number of Gallium (Ga) ? / āĻ—ā§āϝāĻžāϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ (Ga)-ā§° āĻĒā§°āĻŽāĻžāϪ⧁ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻž āĻ•āĻŋāĻŽāĻžāύ ?
A) 30 B) 32 C) 31 D) 33
Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: C) 31
Explanation: Gallium has 31 protons, so its atomic number is 31. āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: āĻ—ā§āϝāĻžāϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽā§° ā§Šā§§āϟāĻž āĻĒā§ā§°āϟāύ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇, āϏ⧇āϝāĻŧ⧇āĻšā§‡ āχāϝāĻŧāĻžā§° āĻĒā§°āĻŽāĻžāϪ⧁ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻž ā§Šā§§āĨ¤

 

2. Gallium is a ________. / āĻ—ā§āϝāĻžāϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻāϟāĻž ________āĨ¤
A) Non-metal B) Gas C) Metal D) Liquid
Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: C) Metal (āϧāĻžāϤ⧁)
Explanation: Gallium is a soft metal. āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: āĻ—ā§āϝāĻžāϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻāϟāĻž āϕ⧋āĻŽāϞ āϧāĻžāϤ⧁āĨ¤

 

3. Why can gallium melt in your hand? / āĻ—ā§āϝāĻžāϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻšāĻžāϤāϤ āĻ•āĻŋāϝāĻŧ āĻ—āϞāĻŋ āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ?
A) It is very hot B) It reacts with skin C) It has a low melting point D) It is a gas
Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: C) It has a low melting point (āχāϝāĻŧāĻžā§° āĻ—āϞāύāĻžāĻ‚āĻ• āĻ•āĻŽ)
Explanation: Gallium melts near room temperature, so body heat can melt it. āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: āĻ—ā§āϝāĻžāϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽā§° āĻ—āϞāύāĻžāĻ‚āĻ• āĻ•āĻŽ, āϏ⧇āϝāĻŧ⧇āĻšā§‡ āĻšāĻžāϤ⧰ āϤāĻžāĻĒāϤ⧇āχ āχ āĻ—āϞāĻŋ āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤

 

4. Gallium is widely used in ________. / āĻ—ā§āϝāĻžāϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻŦāĻšā§āϞāĻ­āĻžā§ąā§‡ āĻ•'āϤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻšāϝāĻŧ?
A) Clothing B) Paper C) Electronics D) Wood
Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: C) Electronics (āχāϞ⧇āĻ•ā§āĻŸā§ā§°āύāĻŋāĻ• āϏāĻžāĻŽāĻ—ā§ā§°ā§€)
Explanation: Gallium is used in many electronic devices. āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: āĻ—ā§āϝāĻžāϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻŦāĻšā§ āχāϞ⧇āĻ•ā§āĻŸā§ā§°āύāĻŋāĻ• āϝāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ā§°āϤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤

 

5. Gallium is used to make ________. / āĻ—ā§āϝāĻžāϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āϕ⧰āĻŋ āĻ•āĻŋ āϤ⧈āϝāĻŧāĻžā§° āϕ⧰āĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧ?
A) Rubber B) Glass C) Semiconductors and LEDs D) Cement
Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: C) Semiconductors and LEDs (āĻ…ā§°ā§āϧ-āĻĒā§°āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ• āφ⧰⧁ LED)
Explanation: Gallium is an important material for semiconductors and LED lights.
āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: āĻ—ā§āϝāĻžāϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻ…ā§°ā§āϧ-āĻĒā§°āĻŋāĻŦāĻžāĻšāĻ• āφ⧰⧁ LED āϞāĻžāχāϟ āϤ⧈āϝāĻŧāĻžā§° āϕ⧰āĻŋāĻŦāϞ⧈ āĻ…āϤāĻŋ āϗ⧁⧰⧁āĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§‚ā§°ā§āĻŖāĨ¤

 

6. How many electrons are present in a neutral gallium atom? / āĻāϟāĻž āύāĻŋā§°āĻĒ⧇āĻ•ā§āώ āĻ—ā§āϝāĻžāϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻĒā§°āĻŽāĻžāϪ⧁āϤ āĻ•āĻŋāĻŽāĻžāύāϟāĻž āχāϞ⧇āĻ•ā§āĻŸā§ā§°āύ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇?
A) 30 B) 31 C) 32 D) 33
Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: B) 31

Explanation: A neutral gallium atom has 31 electrons, equal to its protons.
āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: āĻāϟāĻž āύāĻŋā§°āĻĒ⧇āĻ•ā§āώ āĻ—ā§āϝāĻžāϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻĒā§°āĻŽāĻžāϪ⧁āϤ ā§Šā§§āϟāĻž āχāϞ⧇āĻ•ā§āĻŸā§ā§°āύ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇, āϝāĻŋ āĻĒā§ā§°āϟāύ⧰ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻžā§° āϏāĻŽāĻžāύāĨ¤












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