Element – 34: Selenium (Se) | āĻŽā§ŒāϞ – ā§Šā§Ē: āĻšā§‡āϞ⧇āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ (Se)


Element – 34: Selenium (Se) | āĻŽā§ŒāϞ – ā§Šā§Ē: āĻšā§‡āϞ⧇āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ (Se)



  • Element / āĻŽā§ŒāϞ: Selenium (Se) / āĻšā§‡āϞ⧇āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ (Se)

  • Atomic Number / āĻĒā§°āĻŽāĻžāϪ⧁ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: 34 / ā§Šā§Ē

  • Nature / āĻĒā§ā§°āĻ•ā§ƒāϤāĻŋ: Non-metal / āĻ…āϧāĻžāϤ⧁


Note: Selenium is a non-metal that is important for human health and is also used in electronics.(āĻšā§‡āϞ⧇āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻāϟāĻž āĻ…āϧāĻžāϤ⧁āĨ¤ āχ āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§ą āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻĨā§āϝ⧰ āĻŦāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āϗ⧁⧰⧁āĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§‚ā§°ā§āĻŖ āφ⧰⧁ āχāϞ⧇āĻ•ā§āĻŸā§ā§°āύāĻŋāĻ•ā§āϏāϤ⧋ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤)


Short Notes / āϚāĻŽā§ āĻŸā§‹āĻ•āĻž



  • Non-metal / āĻ…āϧāĻžāϤ⧁

  • Found in small amounts in food / āĻ–āĻžāĻĻā§āϝāϤ āĻ…āϤāĻŋ āĻ•āĻŽ āĻĒā§°āĻŋāĻŽāĻžāϪ⧇ āĻĒā§‹ā§ąāĻž āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧ

  • Essential for human health / āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§ą āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻĨā§āϝ⧰ āĻŦāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻ…āĻĒā§°āĻŋāĻšāĻžā§°ā§āϝ

  • Used in electronics / āχāϞ⧇āĻ•ā§āĻŸā§ā§°āύāĻŋāĻ•ā§āϏāϤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻšāϝāĻŧ

  • Used in glass making / āĻ•āĻžāρāϚ (Glass) āϤ⧈āϝāĻŧāĻžā§° āϕ⧰āĻŋāĻŦāϞ⧈ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻšāϝāĻŧ


Atomic Structure / āĻĒā§°āĻŽāĻžāϪ⧁⧰ āĻ—āĻ āύ



  • Protons / āĻĒā§ā§°āϟāύ: 34 (ā§Šā§Ē)

  • Electrons / āχāϞ⧇āĻ•ā§āĻŸā§ā§°āύ: 34 (ā§Šā§Ē)


Why is Selenium Important ? / āĻšā§‡āϞ⧇āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻ•āĻŋāϝāĻŧ āϗ⧁⧰⧁āĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§‚ā§°ā§āĻŖ ?



  • Needed for human health / āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§ą āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻĨā§āϝ⧰ āĻŦāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻĒā§ā§°āϝāĻŧā§‹āϜāύ⧀āϝāĻŧ

  • Used in electronics / āχāϞ⧇āĻ•ā§āĻŸā§ā§°āύāĻŋāĻ• āϝāĻ¨ā§āĻ¤ā§ā§°āϤ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻšāϝāĻŧ

  • Used in glass making / āĻ•āĻžāρāϚ āϤ⧈āϝāĻŧāĻžā§° āϕ⧰āĻŋāĻŦāϞ⧈ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻšāϝāĻŧ


Fact / āϤāĻĨā§āϝ: Too much selenium can be harmful, but small amounts are necessary for the body. (āĻ…āĻ¤ā§āϝāĻžāϧāĻŋāĻ• āĻšā§‡āϞ⧇āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻ•ā§āώāϤāĻŋāĻ•āĻžā§°āĻ• āĻš'āĻŦ āĻĒāĻžā§°ā§‡, āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁ āĻ•āĻŽ āĻĒā§°āĻŋāĻŽāĻžāĻŖāϤ āχ āĻļ⧰⧀⧰⧰ āĻŦāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻ…āϤāĻŋ āĻĒā§ā§°āϝāĻŧā§‹āϜāύ⧀āϝāĻŧāĨ¤)


MCQs


1. What is the atomic number of Selenium (Se) ? / āĻšā§‡āϞ⧇āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ (Se)-ā§° āĻĒā§°āĻŽāĻžāϪ⧁ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻž āĻ•āĻŋāĻŽāĻžāύ ?
A) 33 B) 35 C) 34 D) 36
Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: C) 34
Explanation: Selenium has 34 protons, so its atomic number is 34. āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: āĻšā§‡āϞ⧇āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽā§° ā§Šā§ĒāϟāĻž āĻĒā§ā§°āϟāύ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇, āϏ⧇āϝāĻŧ⧇āĻšā§‡ āχāϝāĻŧāĻžā§° āĻĒā§°āĻŽāĻžāϪ⧁ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻž ā§Šā§ĒāĨ¤


2. Selenium is a ________. / āĻšā§‡āϞ⧇āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻāϟāĻž ________āĨ¤
A) Metal B) Non-metal C) Metalloid D) Gas
Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: B) Non-metal (āĻ…āϧāĻžāϤ⧁)
Explanation: Selenium is classified as a non-metal. āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: āĻšā§‡āϞ⧇āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽāĻ• āĻ…āϧāĻžāϤ⧁ āĻšāĻŋāϚāĻžāĻĒ⧇ āĻļā§ā§°ā§‡āĻŖā§€āĻŦāĻĻā§āϧ āϕ⧰āĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤


3. Selenium is important for ________. / āĻšā§‡āϞ⧇āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻ•āĻŋāĻšā§° āĻŦāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āϗ⧁⧰⧁āĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§‚ā§°ā§āĻŖ ?
A) Making plastic B) Human health C) Fuel D) Paper
Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: B) Human health (āĻŽāĻžāĻ¨ā§ą āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻĨā§āϝ)
Explanation: Small amounts of selenium are essential for good health. āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: āĻ•āĻŽ āĻĒā§°āĻŋāĻŽāĻžāĻŖā§° āĻšā§‡āϞ⧇āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āϏ⧁āĻ¸ā§āĻŦāĻžāĻ¸ā§āĻĨā§āϝ⧰ āĻŦāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻ…āĻĒā§°āĻŋāĻšāĻžā§°ā§āϝāĨ¤


4. Which of the following is a use of selenium ? / āϤāϞ⧰ āϕ⧋āύāĻŸā§‹ āĻšā§‡āϞ⧇āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽā§° āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° ?
A) Clothing B) Cement C) Electronics and glass making D) Wood
Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: C) Electronics and glass making (āχāϞ⧇āĻ•ā§āĻŸā§ā§°āύāĻŋāĻ•ā§āϏ āφ⧰⧁ āĻ•āĻžāρāϚ āϤ⧈āϝāĻŧāĻžā§°)
Explanation: Selenium is used in electronics and in making glass. āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: āĻšā§‡āϞ⧇āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āχāϞ⧇āĻ•ā§āĻŸā§ā§°āύāĻŋāĻ•ā§āϏ āφ⧰⧁ āĻ•āĻžāρāϚ āϤ⧈āϝāĻŧāĻžā§° āϕ⧰āĻŋāĻŦāϞ⧈ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤


5. How many electrons are present in a neutral selenium atom ? / āĻāϟāĻž āύāĻŋā§°āĻĒ⧇āĻ•ā§āώ āĻšā§‡āϞ⧇āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻĒā§°āĻŽāĻžāϪ⧁āϤ āĻ•āĻŋāĻŽāĻžāύāϟāĻž āχāϞ⧇āĻ•ā§āĻŸā§ā§°āύ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇ ?
A) 33 B) 34 C) 35 D) 36
Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: B) 34
Explanation: A neutral selenium atom has 34 electrons, equal to its protons. āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: āĻāϟāĻž āύāĻŋā§°āĻĒ⧇āĻ•ā§āώ āĻšā§‡āϞ⧇āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽ āĻĒā§°āĻŽāĻžāϪ⧁āϤ ā§Šā§ĒāϟāĻž āχāϞ⧇āĻ•ā§āĻŸā§ā§°āύ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇, āϝāĻŋ āĻĒā§ā§°āϟāύ⧰ āϏāĻ‚āĻ–ā§āϝāĻžā§° āϏāĻŽāĻžāύāĨ¤


6. Which statement about selenium is correct ? / āĻšā§‡āϞ⧇āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽā§° āĻŦāĻŋāώāϝāĻŧ⧇ āϕ⧋āύāĻŸā§‹ āĻŦāĻ•ā§āϤāĻŦā§āϝ āϏāĻ āĻŋāĻ• ?
A) Large amounts are always safe. B) It is only used in food.
C) Small amounts are necessary, but too much can be harmful.
D) It is a liquid metal.
Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: C) Small amounts are necessary, but too much can be harmful. (āĻ•āĻŽ āĻĒā§°āĻŋāĻŽāĻžāĻŖāϤ āĻĒā§ā§°āϝāĻŧā§‹āϜāύ⧀āϝāĻŧ, āĻ•āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āϤ⧁ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ• āĻĒā§°āĻŋāĻŽāĻžāĻŖ āĻ•ā§āώāϤāĻŋāĻ•āĻžā§°āĻ•āĨ¤)


Explanation: The body needs only a small amount of selenium; excess intake can be harmful. āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: āĻļ⧰⧀⧰⧰ āĻŦāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻ•āĻŽ āĻĒā§°āĻŋāĻŽāĻžāĻŖā§° āĻšā§‡āϞ⧇āύāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŽāĻšā§‡ āĻĒā§ā§°āϝāĻŧā§‹āϜāύ; āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ• āĻĒā§°āĻŋāĻŽāĻžāϪ⧇ āĻ•ā§āώāϤāĻŋ āϕ⧰āĻŋāĻŦ āĻĒāĻžā§°ā§‡āĨ¤