Railway / ADRE / SLRC / LRA / SSC / RRB Maths (PYQ) Tricks for Competitive Exams
1. Percentage / āĻļāϤāĻžāĻāĻļ
Question / āĻĒā§ā§°āĻļā§āύ: If 35% of a number is 140, find the number. / āĻāĻāĻž āϏāĻāĻā§āϝāĻžā§° ā§Šā§Ģ% = ā§§ā§Ēā§Ļ āĻš’āϞ⧠āϏāĻāĻā§āϝāĻžāĻā§ āĻāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāύ?
A) 300 B) 350 C) 400 D) 450
Solution / āϏāĻŽāĻžāϧāĻžāύ:
Ans / āĻāϤā§āϤ⧰: (C) 400
Explanation / āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻž: Multiply 140 by 100 and divide by 35. / ā§§ā§Ēā§ĻāĻ ā§§ā§Ļā§Ļā§°ā§ āĻĒā§ā§°āĻŖ āĻā§°āĻŋ ā§Šā§Ģā§°ā§ āĻšā§°āĻŖ āĻā§°āĻŋāĻŦ āϞāĻžāĻā§āĨ¤
2. Profit and Loss / āϞāĻžāĻ-āϞā§āĻāĻāĻžāύ
Question / āĻĒā§ā§°āĻļā§āύ: An item is sold for âš960 at a profit of 20%. Find its cost price. / āĻāĻāĻž āĻŦāϏā§āϤ⧠⧍ā§Ļ% āϞāĻžāĻāϤ âšā§¯ā§Ŧā§ĻāϤ āĻŦāĻŋāĻā§ā§°ā§ āĻā§°āĻž āĻš’āϞāĨ¤ āĻā§ā§°āϝāĻŧāĻŽā§āϞā§āϝ āĻāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāύ ?
A) âš750 B) âš800 C) âš820 D) âš850
Solution / āϏāĻŽāĻžāϧāĻžāύ: CP = 960 x 100 / 120 = âš800
Ans / āĻāϤā§āϤ⧰: (B) âš800
Explanation / āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻž: At 20% profit, the selling price is 120% of the cost price. / ⧍ā§Ļ% āϞāĻžāĻ āĻš’āϞ⧠āĻŦāĻŋāĻā§ā§°ā§āĻŽā§āϞā§āϝ āĻā§ā§°āϝāĻŧāĻŽā§āϞā§āϝ⧰ ⧧⧍ā§Ļ% āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤
3. Ratio / āĻ āύā§āĻĒāĻžāϤ
Question / āĻĒā§ā§°āĻļā§āύ:Two numbers are in the ratio 7:9 and their sum is 128. Find the smaller number. / āĻĻā§āĻāĻž āϏāĻāĻā§āϝāĻžā§° āĻ āύā§āĻĒāĻžāϤ ā§:⧝ āĻā§°ā§ āϝā§āĻāĻĢāϞ ā§§ā§¨ā§ŽāĨ¤ āϏ⧰⧠āϏāĻāĻā§āϝāĻžāĻā§ āĻāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāύ?
A) 49 B) 56 C) 63 D) 72
Solution / āϏāĻŽāĻžāϧāĻžāύ:
Ans / āĻāϤā§āϤ⧰: (B) 56
Explanation / āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻž: Total ratio parts = 7 + 9 = 16. The smaller number has 7 parts. / āĻŽā§āĻ āĻ āύā§āĻĒāĻžāϤ⧰ āĻ āĻāĻļ = ā§ + ⧝ = ā§§ā§ŦāĨ¤ āϏ⧰⧠āϏāĻāĻā§āϝāĻžāĻā§ā§° ā§āĻāĻž āĻ āĻāĻļ āĻāĻā§āĨ¤
4. Average / āĻāĻĄāĻŧ
Question / āĻĒā§ā§°āĻļā§āύ: The average of 8 numbers is 25. If 32 is removed, find the average of the remaining 7 numbers. / ā§ŽāĻāĻž āϏāĻāĻā§āϝāĻžā§° āĻāĻĄāĻŧ ⧍ā§ĢāĨ¤ ā§Šā§¨ āĻāĻāϤ⧰āĻžāϞ⧠āĻŦāĻžāĻā§ ā§āĻāĻž āϏāĻāĻā§āϝāĻžā§° āĻāĻĄāĻŧ āĻāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāύ āĻš’āĻŦ ?
A) 23 B) 24 C) 25 D) 26
Solution / āϏāĻŽāĻžāϧāĻžāύ:
Ans / āĻāϤā§āϤ⧰: (B) 24
5. Simple Interest / āϏ⧰āϞ āϏā§āϤ
Question / āĻĒā§ā§°āĻļā§āύ: Find the simple interest on âš4,000 at 6% per annum for 2 years. / âšā§Ē,ā§Ļā§Ļā§Ļ āĻāĻāĻžā§° āĻāĻĒā§°āϤ āĻŦāĻā§°āĻŋ ā§Ŧ% āĻšāĻžā§°āϤ ⧍ āĻŦāĻā§°ā§° āϏ⧰āϞ āϏā§āϤ āĻāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāύ ?
Solution / āϏāĻŽāĻžāϧāĻžāύ:
Ans / āĻāϤā§āϤ⧰: âš480
Explanation / āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻž: Multiply principal × rate × time and divide by 100. / āĻŽā§āϞāϧāύ × āϏā§āϤ⧰ āĻšāĻžā§° × āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ āĻĒā§ā§°āĻŖ āĻā§°āĻŋ ā§§ā§Ļā§Ļā§°ā§ āĻšā§°āĻŖ āĻā§°āĻāĨ¤
6. Time and Work / āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ āĻā§°ā§ āĻāĻžāĻŽ
Question / āĻĒā§ā§°āĻļā§āύ: A can complete a job in 10 days and B can complete it in 15 days. How many days will they take working together ? / A-āĻ āĻāĻāĻž āĻāĻžāĻŽ ā§§ā§Ļ āĻĻāĻŋāύāϤ āĻā§°ā§ B-āĻ ā§§ā§Ģ āĻĻāĻŋāύāϤ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒā§ā§°ā§āĻŖ āĻā§°ā§āĨ¤ āĻĻā§āϝāĻŧā§ āĻāĻā§āϞāĻā§ āĻāĻžāĻŽāĻā§ āĻāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāύ āĻĻāĻŋāύāϤ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒā§ā§°ā§āĻŖ āĻā§°āĻŋāĻŦ ?
A) 5 days B) 6 days C) 8 days D) 12 days
Solution / āϏāĻŽāĻžāϧāĻžāύ:
Ans / āĻāϤā§āϤ⧰: (B) 6 days (ā§Ŧ āĻĻāĻŋāύ)
Explanation / āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻž: For two workers, use the product of their times divided by the sum of their times. / āĻĻā§āĻāύ⧰ āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ āĻĒā§ā§°āĻŖ āĻā§°āĻŋ āϤā§āĻāĻāϞā§āĻā§° āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧā§° āϝā§āĻāĻĢāϞā§ā§°ā§ āĻšā§°āĻŖ āĻā§°āĻāĨ¤
6-i. Time and Work / āϏāĻŽāϝāĻŧ āĻā§°ā§ āĻāĻžāĻŽ
Question / āĻĒā§ā§°āĻļā§āύ: A can complete a task in 12 days and B in 18 days. How many days will they take together ? (A - āĻ āĻāĻāĻž āĻāĻžāĻŽ ⧧⧍ āĻĻāĻŋāύāϤ āĻā§°ā§ B-āĻ ā§§ā§Ž āĻĻāĻŋāύāϤ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒā§ā§°ā§āĻŖ āĻā§°ā§āĨ¤ āĻĻā§āϝāĻŧā§ āĻāĻā§āϞāĻā§ āĻāĻžāĻŽāĻā§ āĻāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāύ āĻĻāĻŋāύāϤ āĻļā§āώ āĻā§°āĻŋāĻŦ ?)
A) 6 days (ā§Ŧ āĻĻāĻŋāύ) B) 7 days (ā§ āĻĻāĻŋāύ) C) 8 days (ā§Ž āĻĻāĻŋāύ) D) 9 days (⧝ āĻĻāĻŋāύ)
Ans / āĻāϤā§āϤ⧰: None of the options is exactly correct. / āĻā§āύ⧠āĻŦāĻŋāĻāϞā§āĻĒāĻ āϏāĻ āĻŋāĻ āĻāϤā§āϤ⧰āĻā§ āĻšā§āĻŦāĻšā§ āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āύāĻžāĻāĨ¤
Solution / āϏāĻŽāĻžāϧāĻžāύ:
T = 12 x 18 / 12+18 = 216/30 = 7.2
Explanation / āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻž: The exact answer is 7.2 days, not 7 days. So option B is only an approximation. (āϏāĻ āĻŋāĻ āĻāϤā§āϤ⧰ ā§.⧍ āĻĻāĻŋāύ, ā§ āĻĻāĻŋāύ āύāĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āϏā§āϝāĻŧā§āĻšā§ B āĻŦāĻŋāĻāϞā§āĻĒāĻā§ āĻā§ā§ąāϞ āĻāύā§āĻŽāĻžāύāĻŋāĻ āĻāϤā§āϤ⧰āĨ¤)
7. Speed & Distance / āĻāϤāĻŋ āĻā§°ā§ āĻĻā§ā§°āϤā§āĻŦ
Question: A train travels at a speed of 72 km/h. What distance will it cover in 25 seconds ? āĻĒā§ā§°āĻļā§āύ: āĻāĻāύ ā§°ā§’āϞāĻāĻžāĻĄāĻŧā§āϝāĻŧā§ 72 km/h āĻŦā§āĻā§ā§°ā§ 25 āĻā§āĻā§āĻŖā§āĻĄāϤ āĻāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāύ āĻĻā§ā§°āϤā§āĻŦ āĻ āϤāĻŋāĻā§ā§°āĻŽ āĻā§°āĻŋāĻŦ ?
(A) 400 m (B) 450 m (C) 500 m (D) 550 m
Ans / āĻāϤā§āϤ⧰: (C) 500 m
Solution / āϏāĻŽāĻžāϧāĻžāύ:
1st: Convert km/h into m/s
72 x 5/18 = 20 m/s
2nd: Apply the formula
Distance = Speed × Time
D = 20 x 25 = 500
Explanation / āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻž: Convert 72 km/h into 20 m/s. Then multiply the speed by 25 seconds. The distance is 500 metres. (72 km/h-āĻ m/s-āϞ⧠āϏāϞāύāĻŋ āĻā§°āĻŋāϞ⧠20 m/s āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āϤāĻžā§° āĻĒāĻŋāĻāϤ āĻŦā§āĻāĻ 25 āĻā§āĻā§āĻŖā§āĻĄā§ā§°ā§ āĻĒā§ā§°āĻŖ āĻā§°āĻŋāϞ⧠āĻĻā§ā§°āϤā§āĻŦ 500 āĻŽāĻŋāĻāĻžā§° āĻĒā§ā§ąāĻž āϝāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤)
8. L.C.M. and H.C.F. / āϞ.āϏāĻž.āĻā§. āĻā§°ā§ āĻ.āϏāĻž.āĻ.
Question: The HCF of two numbers is 8 and their LCM is 96. If one number is 24, find the other number. (āĻĒā§ā§°āĻļā§āύ: āĻĻā§āĻāĻž āϏāĻāĻā§āϝāĻžā§° āĻ.āϏāĻž.āĻ. 8 āĻā§°ā§ āϞ.āϏāĻž.āĻā§. 96āĨ¤ āϝāĻĻāĻŋ āĻāĻāĻž āϏāĻāĻā§āϝāĻž 24 āĻšāϝāĻŧ, āϤā§āύā§āϤ⧠āĻāύāĻā§ āϏāĻāĻā§āϝāĻž āύāĻŋā§°ā§āĻŖāϝāĻŧ āĻā§°āĻžāĨ¤)
(A) 24 (B) 28 (C) 32 (D) 36
Ans / āĻāϤā§āϤ⧰: (C) 32
Solution / āϏāĻŽāĻžāϧāĻžāύ:
Formula / āϏā§āϤā§ā§°:
Explanation / āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻž: Multiply the HCF by the LCM, then divide by the given number. The other number is 32. (āĻ.āϏāĻž.āĻ.āĻ āϞ.āϏāĻž.āĻā§ā§°ā§ āĻĒā§ā§°āĻŖ āĻā§°āĻŋ āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āϏāĻāĻā§āϝāĻžāĻā§ā§°ā§ āĻāĻžāĻ āĻā§°āĻŋāĻŦ āϞāĻžāĻā§āĨ¤ āĻāύāĻā§ āϏāĻāĻā§āϝāĻž āĻš’āϞ 32āĨ¤)
9. Number System / āϏāĻāĻā§āϝāĻž āĻĒāĻĻā§āϧāϤāĻŋ
Question: What is the smallest number that is exactly divisible by 12, 15, and 20 ? āĻĒā§ā§°āĻļā§āύ: 12, 15 āĻā§°ā§ 20-ā§°ā§ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒā§ā§°ā§āĻŖā§°ā§āĻĒā§ āĻŦāĻŋāĻāĻžāĻā§āϝ āĻšā§ā§ąāĻž āĻāĻāĻžāĻāϤāĻā§ āϏ⧰⧠āϏāĻāĻā§āϝāĻžāĻā§ āĻāĻŋ ?
(A) 30 (B) 45 (C) 60 (D) 120
Ans / āĻāϤā§āϤ⧰: (C) 60
Solution / āϏāĻŽāĻžāϧāĻžāύ:
āĻāĻŽāĻŋ LCM (āϞ.āϏāĻž.āĻā§.) āĻāϞāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻŦ āϞāĻžāĻāĻŋāĻŦāĨ¤
āϏ⧰ā§āĻŦā§āĻā§āĻ āĻāĻžāϤāĻŦā§ā§° āϞ’āϞā§:
Explanation / āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻž: The LCM is the smallest number exactly divisible by all three numbers. Therefore, the answer is 60. (āϞ.āϏāĻž.āĻā§. āĻšā§āĻā§ āĻāĻāĻžāĻāĻā§āĻāĻāĻž āϏāĻāĻā§āϝāĻžā§°ā§ āϏāĻŽā§āĻĒā§ā§°ā§āĻŖā§°ā§āĻĒā§ āĻŦāĻŋāĻāĻžāĻā§āϝ āĻšā§ā§ąāĻž āĻāĻāĻžāĻāϤāĻā§ āϏ⧰⧠āϏāĻāĻā§āϝāĻžāĨ¤ āϏā§āϝāĻŧā§āĻšā§ āĻāϤā§āϤ⧰ 60āĨ¤)
10. Age / āĻŦāϝāĻŧāϏ
Question: A father's age is three times his son's age. The sum of their ages is 48 years. What is the son's age ? (āĻĒā§ā§°āĻļā§āύ: āĻĒāĻŋāϤā§ā§° āĻŦāϝāĻŧāϏ āĻĒā§āϤā§ā§°ā§° āĻŦāϝāĻŧāϏ⧰ ā§Š āĻā§āĻŖāĨ¤ āĻĻā§āϝāĻŧā§ā§°ā§ āĻŦāϝāĻŧāϏ⧰ āϝā§āĻāĻĢāϞ ā§Ēā§Ž āĻŦāĻā§°āĨ¤ āĻĒā§āϤā§ā§°ā§° āĻŦāϝāĻŧāϏ āĻāĻŋāĻŽāĻžāύ ?)
(A) 10 years (B) 12 years (C) 14 years (D) 16 years
Ans / āĻāϤā§āϤ⧰: (B) 12 years / ⧧⧍ āĻŦāĻā§°
Solution / āϏāĻŽāĻžāϧāĻžāύ:
āϧ⧰ā§āĻ (Let): āĻĒā§āϤā§ā§°ā§° āĻŦāϝāĻŧāϏ = x āĻŦāĻā§°āĨ¤, āĻĒāĻŋāϤā§ā§° āĻŦāϝāĻŧāϏ = 3x āĻŦāĻā§°āĨ¤
Explanation / āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻā§āϝāĻž: The total age represents 4 equal parts: 1 part for the son and 3 parts for the father. So, the son's age is \(48\div4=\) 12 years. (āĻĻā§āϝāĻŧā§ā§°ā§ āĻŽā§āĻ āĻŦāϝāĻŧāϏ ā§ĒāĻāĻž āϏāĻŽāĻžāύ āĻ āĻāĻļāĨ¤ āĻāϝāĻŧāĻžā§°ā§ ā§§āĻāĻž āĻ āĻāĻļ āĻĒā§āϤā§ā§°ā§° āĻā§°ā§ ā§ŠāĻāĻž āĻ āĻāĻļ āĻĒāĻŋāϤā§ā§°āĨ¤ āϏā§āϝāĻŧā§āĻšā§ āĻĒā§āϤā§ā§°ā§° āĻŦāϝāĻŧāϏ 48 / 4 = ⧧⧍ āĻŦāĻā§°āĨ¤)
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