The jelly-like substance present between the cell membrane and the nucleus is called cytoplasm. It contains various organelles and is essential for cellular processes.

Organisms other than bacteria and blue-green algae (which are prokaryotes) are classified as eukaryotes. Eukaryotes have complex cells with a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.

The stage of the embryo in which all the body parts can be identified is called a foetus. This stage follows the embryonic stage and marks significant development in structure and function.

Binary fission is a type of asexual reproduction in which an organism divides into two individuals, each becoming a separate entity.

The pituitary gland produces various hormones, including the growth hormone, but it does not produce adrenalin or insulin. Adrenalin is produced by the adrenal glands, and insulin is produced by the pancreas.

Thyroxin is produced by the thyroid gland. It plays a crucial role in regulating metabolism, growth, and development.