Why Does Oil Float on Water ? : āϤ⧇āϞ āĻĒāĻžāύ⧀⧰ āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āĻ•āĻŋāϝāĻŧ āĻ­āĻžāρāĻšā§‡ ?


Educational Story: Oil and Water : Why Oil floating on Water ?: Click Here


Basic Concept (āĻŽā§‚āϞ āϧāĻžā§°āĻŖāĻž)



  • Different liquids have different densities : āĻŦāĻŋāĻ­āĻŋāĻ¨ā§āύ āϤ⧰āϞ⧰ āϘāύāĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āĻŦ⧇āϞ⧇āĻ— āĻŦ⧇āϞ⧇āĻ— āĻšāϝāĻŧ

  • Oil has lower density than water : āϤ⧇āϞ⧰ āϘāύāĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āĻĒāĻžāύ⧀āϤāĻ•ā§ˆ āĻ•āĻŽ

  • Substances with lower density float on higher density liquids : āĻ•āĻŽ āϘāύāĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āĻĨāĻ•āĻž āĻĒāĻĻāĻžā§°ā§āĻĨ āĻŦ⧇āĻ›āĻŋ āϘāύāĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āĻĨāĻ•āĻž āϤ⧰āϞ⧰ āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āĻ­āĻžāρāĻšā§‡


Mixing Concept(āĻŽāĻŋāĻļā§ā§°āĻŖ āϧāĻžā§°āĻŖāĻž)



  • Oil and water do not mix : āϤ⧇āϞ āφ⧰⧁ āĻĒāĻžāύ⧀ āĻŽāĻŋāĻļā§ā§°āĻŋāϤ āύāĻšāϝāĻŧ

  • Water is polar : āĻĒāĻžāύ⧀ āĻāϟāĻž āĻĒ’āϞāĻžā§° āĻĒāĻĻāĻžā§°ā§āĻĨ

  • Oil is non-polar : āϤ⧇āϞ āĻāϟāĻž āύāύ-āĻĒ’āϞāĻžā§° āĻĒāĻĻāĻžā§°ā§āĻĨ

  • Due to polarity difference → separation occurs : āĻāχ āĻĒāĻžā§°ā§āĻĨāĻ•ā§āϝ⧰ āĻŦāĻžāĻŦ⧇ → āĻŦāĻŋāĻšā§āϛ⧇āĻĻ āϘāĻŸā§‡


Density Comparison (āϘāύāĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āϤ⧁āϞāύāĻž)          



  • Oil (Less Dense) → āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āĻ­āĻžāρāĻšā§‡

  • Water (More Dense) → āϤāϞāϤ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇


Keywords (āϗ⧁⧰⧁āĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻļāĻŦā§āĻĻ)



  • Density → āϘāύāĻ¤ā§āĻŦ

  • Liquid → āϤ⧰āϞ

  • Polar → āĻĒ’āϞāĻžā§°

  • Non-polar → āύāύ-āĻĒ’āϞāĻžā§°

  • Separation → āĻŦāĻŋāĻšā§āϛ⧇āĻĻ


Key Point (āĻŽā§‚āϞ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž)


Oil floats on water because it is less dense and does not mix with water.


āϤ⧇āϞ āĻĒāĻžāύ⧀⧰ āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āĻ­āĻžāρāĻšā§‡ āĻ•āĻžā§°āĻŖ āχāϝāĻŧāĻžā§° āϘāύāĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āĻ•āĻŽ āφ⧰⧁ āĻĒāĻžāύ⧀⧰ āϏ⧈āϤ⧇ āĻŽāĻŋāĻļā§ā§°āĻŋāϤ āύāĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤


Quick Revision (āĻĻā§ā§°ā§āϤ āĻĒ⧁āύ⧰āĻžāĻŦ⧃āĻ¤ā§āϤāĻŋ)



  • Oil density < Water density

  • Oil is non-polar

  • Water is polar

  • No mixing → Oil floats


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@. What is Polar ? (āĻĒ’āϞāĻžā§° āĻ•āĻŋ ?)


polar substance is one where electric charge is unevenly distributed. One side becomes slightly positive (+) and the other side negative (−).


Ex: Water


āĻĒ’āϞāĻžā§° āĻĒāĻĻāĻžā§°ā§āĻĨ āĻŽāĻžāύ⧇ āĻāύ⧇ āĻĒāĻĻāĻžā§°ā§āĻĨ āϝ’āϤ āĻŦāĻŋāĻĻā§āϝ⧁āϤ⧀āϝāĻŧ āĻ†ā§ąā§‡āĻļ āĻ…āϏāĻŽāĻžāύāĻ•ā§ˆ āĻŦāĻŋāϤ⧰āĻŖ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻāϟāĻž āĻĢāĻžāϞ⧇ āĻ…āϞāĻĒ āϧāύāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻ• (+) āφ⧰⧁ āφāύ āĻĢāĻžāϞ⧇ āĻ‹āĻŖāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻ• (−) āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇āĨ¤


āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšā§°āĻŖ: āĻĒāĻžāύ⧀


@. What is Non-Pola ? (āύāύ-āĻĒ’āϞāĻžā§° āĻ•āĻŋ ?)


non-polar substance has equal distribution of charge. No positive or negative ends → no poles


Ex: Oil


āύāύ-āĻĒ’āϞāĻžā§° āĻĒāĻĻāĻžā§°ā§āĻĨ āĻŽāĻžāύ⧇ āĻāύ⧇ āĻĒāĻĻāĻžā§°ā§āĻĨ āϝ’āϤ āĻ†ā§ąā§‡āĻļ āϏāĻŽāĻžāύāĻ•ā§ˆ āĻŦāĻŋāϤ⧰āĻŖ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āϕ⧋āύ⧋ āϧāύāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻ• āĻŦāĻž āĻ‹āĻŖāĻžāĻ¤ā§āĻŽāĻ• āĻĢāĻžāϞ āύāĻžāĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇


āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšā§°āĻŖ: āϤ⧇āϞ


Easy Trick (āϏāĻšāĻœā§‡ āĻŦ⧁āϜāĻž)



  • Polar = Has poles ( + and − )

  • Non-polar = No poles


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MCQ


Q1. Why does oil float on water ? : āĻĒā§ā§°āĻļā§āύ: āϤ⧇āϞ āĻĒāĻžāύ⧀⧰ āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āĻ•āĻŋāϝāĻŧ āĻ­āĻžāρāĻšā§‡ ?


Options: (a) Oil is heavier (b) Oil is less dense (c) Oil is solid (d) Oil is hot


Ans: (b) Oil is less dense


ExplanationOil has lower density than water, so it floats. āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: āϤ⧇āϞ⧰ āϘāύāĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āĻĒāĻžāύ⧀āϤāĻ•ā§ˆ āĻ•āĻŽ, āϏ⧇āϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻ­āĻžāρāĻšā§‡āĨ¤


Q2. What is density ? āĻĒā§ā§°āĻļā§āύ: āϘāύāĻ¤ā§āĻŦ (Density) āĻ•āĻŋ ?


Options: (a) Mass (b) Volume (c) Mass per unit volume (d) Weight


Ans: (c) Mass per unit volume


ExplanationDensity = mass/volume. āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: āϘāύāĻ¤ā§āĻŦ = āĻ­ā§°/āφāϝāĻŧāϤāύāĨ¤


Q3. Oil and water do not mix because they are ? āĻĒā§ā§°āĻļā§āύ: āϤ⧇āϞ āφ⧰⧁ āĻĒāĻžāύ⧀ āĻ•āĻŋāϝāĻŧ āĻŽāĻŋāĻļā§ā§°āĻŋāϤ āύāĻšāϝāĻŧ ?


Options: (a) Same density (b) Same colour (c) Different polarity (d) Same state


Ans: (c) Different polarity


ExplanationWater is polar and oil is non-polar. āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: āĻĒāĻžāύ⧀ āĻĒ’āϞāĻžā§° āφ⧰⧁ āϤ⧇āϞ āύāύ-āĻĒ’āϞāĻžā§°āĨ¤


Q4. Water is a ______ substance. āĻĒā§ā§°āĻļā§āύ: āĻĒāĻžāύ⧀ āĻāϟāĻž ______ āĻĒāĻĻāĻžā§°ā§āĻĨāĨ¤


Options: (a) Non-polar (b) Polar (c) Solid (d) Gas


Ans: (b) Polar


ExplanationWater is a polar liquid. āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: āĻĒāĻžāύ⧀ āĻāϟāĻž āĻĒ’āϞāĻžā§° āϤ⧰āϞāĨ¤


Q5. Oil is a ______ substance. āĻĒā§ā§°āĻļā§āύ: āϤ⧇āϞ āĻāϟāĻž ______ āĻĒāĻĻāĻžā§°ā§āĻĨāĨ¤


Options: (a) Polar (b) Non-polar (c) Solid (d) Gas


Ans: (b) Non-polar


ExplanationOil is non-polar. āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: āϤ⧇āϞ āύāύ-āĻĒ’āϞāĻžā§°āĨ¤


Q6. Which liquid has higher density ? āĻĒā§ā§°āĻļā§āύ: āϕ⧋āύāĻŸā§‹ āϤ⧰āϞ⧰ āϘāύāĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āĻŦ⧇āĻ›āĻŋ ?


Options: (a) Oil (b) Water (c) Both equal (d) None


Ans: (b) Water


ExplanationWater is denser than oil. āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: āĻĒāĻžāύ⧀⧰ āϘāύāĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āϤ⧇āϞāϤāĻ•ā§ˆ āĻŦ⧇āĻ›āĻŋāĨ¤


Q7. What happens when two liquids do not mix ? āĻĒā§ā§°āĻļā§āύ: āĻĻ⧁āϟāĻž āϤ⧰āϞ āĻŽāĻŋāĻļā§ā§°āĻŋāϤ āύāĻš’āϞ⧇ āĻ•āĻŋ āϘāĻŸā§‡ ?


Options: (a) Mixing (b) Separation (c) Evaporation (d) Freezing


Ans: (b) Separation


ExplanationThey separate into layers. āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: āϏāĻŋāĻšāρāϤ āĻĒ⧃āĻĨāĻ• āĻ¸ā§āϤ⧰āϤ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇āĨ¤


Q8. Oil remains on top because it is ______. āĻĒā§ā§°āĻļā§āύ: āϤ⧇āϞ āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇ āĻ•āĻžā§°āĻŖ āχāϝāĻŧāĻžā§° āϘāύāĻ¤ā§āĻŦ ______āĨ¤


Options: (a) High (b) Low (c) Equal (d) Zero


Ans: (b) Low


ExplanationLower density substances float. āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: āĻ•āĻŽ āϘāύāĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āĻĨāĻ•āĻž āĻĒāĻĻāĻžā§°ā§āĻĨ āĻ­āĻžāρāĻšā§‡āĨ¤


Q9. Which of the following will float on water ? āĻĒā§ā§°āĻļā§āύ: āϤāϞ⧰ āϕ⧋āύāĻŸā§‹ āĻĒāĻžāύ⧀⧰ āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āĻ­āĻžāρāĻšāĻŋāĻŦ ?


Options: (a) Stone (b) Iron (c) Oil (d) Sand


Ans: (c) Oil


ExplanationOil is less dense than water. āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: āϤ⧇āϞ⧰ āϘāύāĻ¤ā§āĻŦ āĻ•āĻŽāĨ¤


Q10. The main reason for oil floating is ? āĻĒā§ā§°āĻļā§āύ: āϤ⧇āϞ āĻ­āĻžāρāĻšāĻžā§° āĻŽā§‚āϞ āĻ•āĻžā§°āĻŖ āĻ•āĻŋ ?


Options: (a) Colour (b) Density difference (c) Temperature (d) Shape


Ans: (b) Density difference


ExplanationDifference in density causes floating. āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: āϘāύāĻ¤ā§āĻŦā§° āĻĒāĻžā§°ā§āĻĨāĻ•ā§āϝ⧰ āĻŦāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻ­āĻžāρāĻšā§‡āĨ¤