Computers perform fundamental operations including arithmetic (mathematical calculations), logical (decision-making and data manipulation based on conditions), and storage/retrieval (storing data in memory and accessing it for processing or output). These operations collectively enable computers to execute programs efficiently, process data accurately, and interact effectively with users and other systems across diverse applications and industries.
Metropolitan Area Networks (MANs) are vital for connecting multiple LANs within a city or large campus, providing high-speed communication and resource sharing. They use technologies like fiber optics for fast data transfer and can be privately owned or public. MANs scale to meet urban area needs, facilitating efficient connectivity across diverse organizations and institutions.
The Bus network topology features a single central cable (bus) to which all devices connect, sharing it for data transmission. It's simple to set up and expand, making it cost-effective for smaller networks. However, it faces challenges like a single point of failure and potential performance issues with increasing network size due to collisions.