Explanation: The volatile memory type among the options listed is RAM (Random Access Memory). Explanation: RAM (Random Access Memory): RAM is a type of volatile memory that is used by computers to store data and machine code currently being used. It is volatile because its contents are lost when the computer is powered off. RAM is essential for the computer's operation as it allows the CPU to access data quickly, thereby speeding up processing tasks. It is commonly used for running applications and storing temporary data. ROM (Read-Only Memory): ROM is a type of non-volatile memory that retains its contents even when the computer is turned off. It is used primarily to store firmware or software that rarely needs to be changed, such as the BIOS of a computer or firmware of embedded systems. HDD (Hard Disk Drive): HDD is a type of non-volatile storage device that uses magnetic storage to store data persistently. It retains data even when the power is turned off and is used for long-term storage of operating systems, software applications, and user files. SSD (Solid-State Drive): SSD is another type of non-volatile storage device that uses integrated circuit assemblies to store data persistently. Like HDDs, SSDs retain data even when powered off and are known for their faster access times and lower latency compared to traditional HDDs. Conclusion: RAM is volatile memory because it loses its stored data when the power supply to the computer is turned off. This characteristic makes it suitable for storing data temporarily during the operation of programs and processes. Therefore, the correct answer is: RAM

Explanation: When creating a computer program, the System Analyst designs the structure of the program. Explanation: End user: End users are individuals who ultimately use the computer program or software application to perform tasks or achieve specific objectives. They typically do not design the structure of the program but interact with it for their operational needs. System Analyst: A system analyst is responsible for analyzing, designing, and implementing information systems to meet the needs of organizations or businesses. They gather requirements from stakeholders, design system architectures, specify system components, and outline the structure of the software or system to be developed. System analysts play a crucial role in ensuring that the program meets the functional and non-functional requirements of users and stakeholders. Programmer: Programmers (or developers) are responsible for writing the code and implementing the system based on the specifications and design provided by system analysts. They translate the design into a programming language, write algorithms, and debug the code to ensure the program functions correctly. Conclusion: While end users interact with the program to perform tasks and programmers implement the code, the system analyst is primarily responsible for designing the overall structure of the program. They ensure that the program meets the intended requirements, functionality, and usability specified by stakeholders and users. Therefore, the correct answer is: System Analyst

Explanation: Among the options listed, MS-Excel is not considered a computer programming language. Explanation: MS-Excel: Microsoft Excel is a spreadsheet application primarily used for organizing, analyzing, and storing data in tabular form. While Excel includes functions and capabilities for performing calculations, creating charts, and analyzing data, it is not a programming language. Users can write formulas and scripts using Excel's built-in functions and macros, but these are not considered full-fledged programming languages like the others listed. BASIC: BASIC (Beginners' All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code) is a high-level programming language designed for beginners to learn programming. It has been widely used for educational purposes and creating simple applications. COBOL: COBOL (Common Business-Oriented Language) is a programming language primarily used in business, finance, and administrative systems for writing applications such as those used for payroll, inventory management, and banking. C++: C++ is a general-purpose, object-oriented programming language derived from the C programming language. It is widely used for developing system software, game engines, applications, and embedded systems. Conclusion: While MS-Excel is a powerful tool for data manipulation and analysis, it is not classified as a programming language. Instead, it is an application software used for spreadsheets and data management tasks. The other options listed—BASIC, COBOL, and C++—are recognized programming languages used for developing software applications and systems. Therefore, the correct answer is: MS-Excel

Explanation: The primary function of the BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) is to set up the hardware and load and start an operating system. Explanation: BIOS (Basic Input/Output System): BIOS is a firmware embedded on a motherboard that initializes and controls various hardware components when a computer is powered on. Its main functions include performing the Power-On Self Test (POST) to check hardware integrity, configuring hardware settings (like CPU, RAM, and storage), and providing the necessary instructions to boot the operating system from the storage device (such as HDD or SSD). System Programs: System programs refer to software applications that facilitate the management and operation of a computer system. These programs include utilities for file management, disk maintenance, system configuration, and security tasks. CP (Control Program): The term "CP" is not commonly used in this context. It could potentially refer to a Control Program in specific environments, but it's not a standard term for BIOS or system functionality. Memory: While memory (RAM) is essential for storing and accessing data and instructions during computer operation, it is not responsible for setting up hardware or loading the operating system during the boot process. Conclusion: BIOS plays a critical role in the startup process of a computer system by initializing hardware, performing diagnostics, and loading the initial instructions needed to start the operating system. It ensures that the computer is ready for user interaction by setting up the foundational aspects of hardware configuration and software execution. Therefore, the correct answer is: BIOS

Explanation: The motherboard in a computer serves the primary purpose of connecting and managing hardware components. Explanation: Connect and manage hardware components: The motherboard acts as a central hub that connects all essential components of a computer system. It provides the physical interface and electrical connections for components such as the CPU (Central Processing Unit), RAM (Random Access Memory), storage devices (like HDDs and SSDs), expansion cards (such as graphics cards and sound cards), and peripheral devices (like USB devices and networking components). The motherboard also includes controllers and circuits that manage data flow between these components. Process data: While the CPU, which is mounted on the motherboard, processes data, the motherboard itself does not perform data processing directly. It facilitates data transfer between components but does not actively process or manipulate data like the CPU. Store data: The motherboard does not store data. Data storage is handled by storage devices such as HDDs, SSDs, or external storage media connected to the motherboard via interfaces like SATA or PCIe. Display images: The motherboard does not directly handle the display of images. This task is managed by a separate graphics card (if dedicated) or integrated graphics processor, which may connect to the motherboard but operates independently for rendering and displaying images on a monitor. Conclusion: The motherboard is essential for the overall functionality of a computer system by providing connectivity and management of hardware components. It ensures that different parts of the computer can communicate effectively and work together to execute tasks and run software applications. Therefore, the correct answer is: To connect and manage hardware components

Explanation: The type of software that provides a platform for other software to run on is system software. Explanation: System software: System software includes programs that provide a platform for running application software and managing computer hardware resources. It includes the operating system (like Windows, macOS, Linux) and system utilities that facilitate the operation of the computer system. System software manages memory, file systems, input/output devices, and other hardware components to ensure that application software can execute tasks effectively. Application software: Application software refers to programs designed to perform specific tasks or provide services for users. Examples include word processors, web browsers, games, and productivity tools. Application software relies on system software for resources and to interact with the hardware. Utility software: Utility software consists of programs that perform maintenance tasks, manage system resources, or provide diagnostic capabilities. Examples include antivirus software, disk cleaners, backup tools, and system optimizers. While utility software supports system functionality, it does not necessarily provide a platform for other software to run on as system software does. Programming software: Programming software includes tools and environments used by programmers to develop software applications. Examples include integrated development environments (IDEs), compilers, debuggers, and text editors. Programming software aids in writing, testing, and debugging code but does not provide a platform for running other software. Conclusion: System software is essential for providing a foundational platform that supports the execution of application software. It manages hardware resources, provides services to applications, and ensures smooth operation of the computer system. Without system software, application software would not be able to function properly or interact with the underlying hardware. Therefore, the correct answer is: System software