Momentum (āĻ­ā§°āĻŦ⧇āĻ—)


Momentum (āĻ­ā§°āĻŦ⧇āĻ—)


Momentum is the quantity of motion of an object. It tells how difficult it is to stop a moving object. An object with greater mass or greater speed has greater momentum. If an object has low mass or moves slowly, it has low momentum. If an object has more mass or moves faster, it has high momentum. Therefore, momentum depends on both mass and velocity.


The formula of momentum is: P = mv


Here, P stands for momentum, m stands for mass, and v stands for velocity. The SI unit of momentum is kg·m/s. For example, a fast-moving truck has more momentum than a slowly moving bicycle because the truck has greater mass and speed.


Momentum (āĻ­ā§°āĻŦ⧇āĻ—)


āϕ⧋āύ⧋ āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āϤ⧁⧰ āĻ—āϤāĻŋā§° āĻĒā§°āĻŋāĻŽāĻžāĻŖāĻ• āĻ­ā§°āĻŦ⧇āĻ— āĻŦā§‹āϞāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āχ āĻĻ⧇āĻ–ā§ā§ąāĻžāϝāĻŧ āϝ⧇ āϚāϞāĻ¨ā§āϤ āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āϤ⧁ āĻāϟāĻžāĻ• āĻĨāĻŽāĻŦāϞ⧈ āĻ•āĻŋāĻŽāĻžāύ āĻ•āĻˇā§āϟ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ• āĻ­ā§° āĻŦāĻž āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ• āĻŦ⧇āĻ— āĻĨāĻ•āĻž āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āϤ⧁⧰ āĻ­ā§°āĻŦ⧇āĻ—ā§‹ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ• āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āϝāĻĻāĻŋ āϕ⧋āύ⧋ āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āϤ⧁⧰ āĻ­ā§° āĻ•āĻŽ āĻšāϝāĻŧ āĻŦāĻž āϧ⧀⧰ āĻ—āϤāĻŋāϤ āϚāϞ⧇, āϤ⧇āĻ¨ā§āϤ⧇ āϤāĻžā§° āĻ­ā§°āĻŦ⧇āĻ— āĻ•āĻŽ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āφāύāĻšāĻžāϤ⧇, āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ• āĻ­ā§° āĻŦāĻž āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ• āĻŦ⧇āĻ— āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻŋāϞ⧇ āĻ­ā§°āĻŦ⧇āĻ— āĻŦ⧇āĻ›āĻŋ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āϏ⧇āχāĻŦāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻ­ā§°āĻŦ⧇āĻ— āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āϤ⧁⧰ āĻ­ā§° āφ⧰⧁ āĻŦ⧇āĻ—ā§° āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āύāĻŋā§°ā§āĻ­ā§° āϕ⧰⧇āĨ¤


āĻ­ā§°āĻŦ⧇āĻ—ā§° āϏ⧂āĻ¤ā§ā§° āĻšā§ˆāϛ⧇: P = mv


āχāϝāĻŧāĻžāϤ, P āĻŽāĻžāύ⧇ āĻ­ā§°āĻŦ⧇āĻ—, m āĻŽāĻžāύ⧇ āĻ­ā§°, āφ⧰⧁ v āĻŽāĻžāύ⧇ āĻŦ⧇āĻ—āĨ¤ āĻ­ā§°āĻŦ⧇āĻ—ā§° SI āĻāĻ•āĻ• āĻšā§ˆāϛ⧇ kg·m/sāĨ¤ āωāĻĻāĻžāĻšā§°āĻŖāĻ¸ā§āĻŦā§°ā§‚āĻĒ⧇, āĻĻā§ā§°ā§āϤāĻ—āϤāĻŋāϤ āϚāϞāĻž āĻāĻ–āύ āĻĄāĻžāϙ⧰ āĻŸā§ā§°āĻžāϕ⧰ āĻ­ā§°āĻŦ⧇āĻ— āϧ⧀⧰āĻ—āϤāĻŋāϤ āϚāϞāĻž āĻāĻ–āύ āϚāĻžāχāϕ⧇āϞāϤāĻ•ā§ˆ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ• āĻšāϝāĻŧ, āĻ•āĻžā§°āĻŖ āĻŸā§ā§°āĻžāĻ•āĻ–āύ⧰ āĻ­ā§° āφ⧰⧁ āĻŦ⧇āĻ— āĻĻ⧁āϝāĻŧā§‹āϟāĻžāχ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ•āĨ¤



  • MomentumFormula & When to Use Momentum (āĻ­ā§°āĻŦ⧇āĻ—ā§° āϏ⧂āĻ¤ā§ā§° āφ⧰⧁ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§°): Click Here

  • Momentum: āĻ­ā§°āĻŦ⧇āĻ— :- Physics Formula Breakdown : āĻĒāĻĻāĻžā§°ā§āĻĨ āĻŦāĻŋāĻœā§āĻžāĻžāύ⧰ āϏ⧂āĻ¤ā§ā§°ā§° āĻŦāĻŋāĻļā§āϞ⧇āώāĻŖ : Click Here

  • What is Impulse ? : āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāϘāĻžāϤ : Click Here 

  • Impulse : āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāϘāĻžāϤ = Formula & When to Use : āϏ⧂āĻ¤ā§ā§° āφ⧰⧁ āĻŦā§āĻ¯ā§ąāĻšāĻžā§° : Click Here 

  • Why is impulse important in daily life ? āĻĻ⧈āύāĻ¨ā§āĻĻāĻŋāύ āĻœā§€ā§ąāύāϤ āĻ…āĻ­āĻŋāϘāĻžāϤ āĻ•āĻŋāϝāĻŧ āϗ⧁⧰⧁āĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ ? : Click Here 


MomentumMCQs & Questions (āĻ­ā§°āĻŦ⧇āĻ— – MCQ āφ⧰⧁ āĻĒā§āϰāĻļā§āύ⧋āĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰)


1. What is the SI unit of momentum ? āĻ­ā§°āĻŦ⧇āĻ—ā§° SI āĻāĻ•āĻ• āĻ•āĻŋ ?


A) Newton  B) Joule  C) kg·m/s   D) Watt


Ans: C) kg·m/s


Explanation: Momentum = mass × velocity, so unit = kg × m/s. āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: āĻ­ā§°āĻŦ⧇āĻ— = āĻ­ā§° × āĻŦ⧇āĻ—, āϏ⧇āϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻāĻ•āĻ• = kg × m/sāĨ¤


2. Momentum depends on: āĻ­ā§°āĻŦ⧇āĻ— āĻ•āĻŋāĻšā§° āĻ“āĻĒā§°āϤ āύāĻŋā§°ā§āĻ­ā§° āϕ⧰⧇ ?


A) Mass only   B) Velocity only   C) Mass and velocity   D) Shape


Answer: C) Mass and velocity


Explanation: More mass or more velocity gives more momentum. āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ• āĻ­ā§° āĻŦāĻž āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ• āĻŦ⧇āϗ⧇ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ• āĻ­ā§°āĻŦ⧇āĻ— āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧ⧇āĨ¤


3. The formula of momentum is: āĻ­ā§°āĻŦ⧇āĻ—ā§° āϏ⧂āĻ¤ā§ā§° āϕ⧋āύāĻŸā§‹ ?


A) P = ma  B) P = mv  C) F = ma  D) W = mg


Ans: B) P = mv


Explanation: Momentum is equal to mass multiplied by velocity.


āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: āĻ­ā§°āĻŦ⧇āĻ— = āĻ­ā§° × āĻŦ⧇āĻ—āĨ¤


4. A body at rest has: āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋā§° āĻ…ā§ąāĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻžāϤ āĻĨāĻ•āĻž āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āϤ⧁ āĻāϟāĻžā§° āĻ•āĻŋ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇ ?


A) High momentum  B) Low momentum  C) Zero momentum  D) Infinite momentum


Ans: C) Zero momentum


Explanation: A body at rest has zero velocity. So, momentum = mass × 0 = 0. āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: āĻ¸ā§āĻĨāĻŋā§° āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āϤ⧁⧰ āĻŦ⧇āĻ— āĻļā§‚āĻ¨ā§āϝ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤ āϏ⧇āϝāĻŧ⧇ āĻ­ā§°āĻŦ⧇āĻ— = āĻ­ā§° × ā§Ļ = ā§ĻāĨ¤


5. Which has greater momentum ? āĻ•āĻžā§° āĻ­ā§°āĻŦ⧇āĻ— āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ• ?


A) Slow bicycle  B) Fast truck   C) Standing man   D) Empty box


Ans: B) Fast truck


Explanation: A truck has large mass and high speed. Therefore, its momentum is greater. āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: āĻŸā§ā§°āĻžāϕ⧰ āĻ­ā§° āφ⧰⧁ āĻŦ⧇āĻ— āĻĻ⧁āϝāĻŧā§‹āϟāĻžāχ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ•āĨ¤ āϏ⧇āϝāĻŧ⧇ āχāϝāĻŧāĻžā§° āĻ­ā§°āĻŦ⧇āĻ—ā§‹ āĻ…āϧāĻŋāĻ•āĨ¤


6. Momentum is a: āĻ­ā§°āĻŦ⧇āĻ— āĻ•āĻŋ āϧ⧰āĻŖā§° ā§°āĻžāĻļāĻŋ ?


A) Scalar quantity  B) Vector quantity  C) Constant quantity  D) None


Ans: B) Vector quantity


Explanation: Momentum has both magnitude and direction. Hence, it is a vector quantity. āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: āĻ­ā§°āĻŦ⧇āĻ—ā§° āĻŽāĻžāύ āφ⧰⧁ āĻĻāĻŋāĻļ āĻĻ⧁āϝāĻŧā§‹āϟāĻžāχ āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇āĨ¤ āϏ⧇āχāĻŦāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āχāϝāĻŧāĻžāĻ• āϭ⧇āĻ•ā§āϟ⧰ ā§°āĻžāĻļāĻŋ āĻŦā§‹āϞāĻž āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤


7. If mass doubles and velocity remains same, momentum becomes: āĻ­ā§° āĻĻ⧁āϗ⧁āĻŖ āφ⧰⧁ āĻŦ⧇āĻ— āĻāϕ⧇ āĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻŋāϞ⧇ āĻ­ā§°āĻŦ⧇āĻ— āĻ•āĻŋ āĻš’āĻŦ ?


A) Half  B) Double   C) Triple   D) Zero


Ans: B) Double


Explanation: Momentum is directly proportional to mass. If mass becomes double, momentum also becomes double. āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: āĻ­ā§°āĻŦ⧇āĻ— āĻ­ā§°ā§° āϏ⧈āϤ⧇ āϏāĻŽāĻžāύ⧁āĻĒāĻžāϤāĻŋāĻ•āĨ¤ āĻ­ā§° āĻĻ⧁āϗ⧁āĻŖ āĻšāϞ⧇ āĻ­ā§°āĻŦ⧇āĻ—ā§‹ āĻĻ⧁āϗ⧁āĻŖ āĻšāϝāĻŧāĨ¤


8. A moving object has momentum because of its: āϚāϞāĻ¨ā§āϤ āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āϤ⧁ āĻāϟāĻžā§° āĻ­ā§°āĻŦ⧇āĻ— āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇ āĻ•āĻŋāϝāĻŧ ?


A) Colour  B) Shape  C) Motion  D) Temperature


Ans: C) Motion


Explanation: Momentum exists because the object is moving. Without motion, there is no momentum. āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āϤ⧁ āϚāϞāĻŋ āĻĨāĻ•āĻž āĻŦāĻžāĻŦ⧇ āĻ­ā§°āĻŦ⧇āĻ— āĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇āĨ¤ āĻ—āϤāĻŋ āύāĻžāĻĨāĻžāĻ•āĻŋāϞ⧇ āĻ­ā§°āĻŦ⧇āĻ— āύāĻžāĻĨāĻžāϕ⧇āĨ¤


9. Which quantity is directly proportional to momentum ? āĻ­ā§°āĻŦ⧇āĻ— āĻ•āĻŋāĻšā§° āϏ⧈āϤ⧇ āϏāĻŽāĻžāύ⧁āĻĒāĻžāϤāĻŋāĻ• ?


A) Mass   B) Velocity   C) Both mass and velocity   D) Density


Answer: C) Both mass and velocity


Explanation: Increasing either mass or velocity increases momentum. āĻŦā§āϝāĻžāĻ–ā§āϝāĻž: āĻ­ā§° āĻŦāĻž āĻŦ⧇āĻ— āĻŦ⧃āĻĻā§āϧāĻŋ āĻĒāĻžāϞ⧇ āĻ­ā§°āĻŦ⧇āĻ—ā§‹ āĻŦ⧃āĻĻā§āϧāĻŋ āĻĒāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤


10. Calculate momentum of a body of mass 2 kg moving with velocity 3 m/s. (2 kg āĻ­ā§°ā§° āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āϤ⧁ 3 m/s āĻŦ⧇āϗ⧇ āϚāϞāĻŋāϞ⧇ āĻ­ā§°āĻŦ⧇āĻ— āĻ•āĻŋāĻŽāĻžāύ ?)


A) 5 kg·m/s  B) 6 kg·m/s  C) 7 kg·m/s   D) 8 kg·m/s


Ans: B) 6 kg·m/s


Explanation: Given(āĻĻāĻŋāϝāĻŧāĻž āφāϛ⧇,), Mass(āĻ­ā§°) = 2 kg, Velocity(āĻŦ⧇āĻ—) = 3 m/s


P = mv


2 × 3 = 6 kg·m/s


11. A body of mass 2 kg moves with velocity 4 m/s. Find momentum. (2 kg āĻ­ā§°ā§° āĻāϟāĻž āĻŦāĻ¸ā§āϤ⧁ 4 m/s āĻŦ⧇āϗ⧇ āϚāϞāĻŋāϛ⧇āĨ¤ āĻ­ā§°āĻŦ⧇āĻ— āύāĻŋā§°ā§āĻŖāϝāĻŧ āϕ⧰āĻžāĨ¤)


Soln / āϏāĻŽāĻžāϧāĻžāύ


Formula / āϏ⧂āĻ¤ā§ā§° : P = mv {Momentum = mass × velocity (āĻ­ā§°āĻŦ⧇āĻ— = āĻ­ā§° × āĻŦ⧇āĻ—)}


Put the values / āĻŽāĻžāύ āĻŦāĻ¸ā§‹ā§ąāĻž : Mass (m) = 2 kg, Velocity (v) = 4 m/s


P = mv = 2 × 4 = 8 kg·m/s


Ans / āωāĻ¤ā§āϤ⧰: Momentum = 8 kg·m/s (āĻ­ā§°āĻŦ⧇āĻ— = 8 kg·m/s)


Important Point / āϗ⧁⧰⧁āĻ¤ā§āĻŦāĻĒā§‚āĻ°ā§āĻŖ āĻ•āĻĨāĻž : Momentum increases with mass and speed. (āĻ­ā§° āφ⧰⧁ āĻŦ⧇āĻ— āĻŦ⧃āĻĻā§āϧāĻŋ āĻĒāĻžāϞ⧇ āĻ­ā§°āĻŦ⧇āĻ—ā§‹ āĻŦ⧃āĻĻā§āϧāĻŋ āĻĒāĻžāϝāĻŧāĨ¤)